Quantitative Perfusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Uveal Melanoma.

Purpose: Perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI; magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) has been shown to provide valuable biological tumor information in uveal melanoma (UM). Clinically used semiquantitative methods do not account for tumor pigmentation and eye movement. We hypothesize that a quantitative PWI method that incorporates these, provides a more accurate description of tumor perfusion than the current clinical method.

Correction Method for Optical Scaling of Fundoscopy Images: Development, Validation, and First Implementation.

Purpose: Although fundus photography is extensively used in ophthalmology, refraction prevents accurate distance measurement on fundus images, as the resulting scaling differs between subjects due to varying ocular anatomy. We propose a PARaxial Optical fundus Scaling (PAROS) method to correct for this variation using commonly available clinical data.

Methods: The complete optics of the eye and fundus camera were modeled using ray transfer matrix formalism to obtain fundus image magnification.

PRAME Expression: A Target for Cancer Immunotherapy and a Prognostic Factor in Uveal Melanoma.

Purpose: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare disease with a high mortality, and new therapeutic options are being investigated. Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME) is a cancer testis antigen, expressed in the testis, but also in cancers, including uveal melanoma. PRAME is considered a target for immune therapy in several cancers, and PRAME-specific T cell clones have been shown to kill UM cells.

Time Trends in the Treatment and Survival of 5036 Uveal Melanoma Patients in The Netherlands over a 30-Year Period.

Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare intraocular tumor with a dismal prognosis once metastasized. This study provides a nationwide overview and time trends of patients diagnosed with primary UM in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2019.

Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study based on patients with primary UM from the database of the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR), linked with the national population registry Statistics Netherlands on inhabitants' cause of death.

Peripheral visual field shifts after intraocular lens implantation.

Purpose: To assess whether intraocular lens (IOL) implantation induces shifts in the peripheral visual field.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Design: Ray-tracing study.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Clinical Care for Uveal Melanoma Patients-A Systematic Review from an Ophthalmic Perspective.

Conversely to most tumour types, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was rarely used for eye tumours. As recent technical advances have increased ocular MRI's diagnostic value, various clinical applications have been proposed. This systematic review provides an overview of the current status of MRI in the clinical care of uveal melanoma (UM) patients, the most common eye tumour in adults.

Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor: A Differentiation Marker in Uveal Melanoma.

Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is an important regulator of melanogenesis and melanocyte development. In cutaneous melanoma, MITF loss has been linked to an increased expression of stem cell markers, a shift in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related factors, and increased inflammation. We explored the role of MITF in Uveal Melanoma (UM) using a cohort of 64 patients enucleated at the Leiden University Medical Center.

Increased Histological Tumor Pigmentation in Uveal Melanoma Is Related to Eye Color and Loss of Chromosome 3/BAP1.

Purpose: Heavy pigmentation is known to be a prognostic risk factor in uveal melanoma (UM). We analyzed whether genetic tumor parameters were associated with tumor pigmentation and whether pigmentation should be included in prognostic tests.

Design: Retrospective comparison of clinical, histopathological, and genetic features and survival in UM with different pigmentation.

Inter-Observer Variability in MR-Based Target Volume Delineation of Uveal Melanoma.

Purpose: Several efforts are being undertaken toward MRI-based treatment planning for ocular proton therapy for uveal melanoma (UM). The interobserver variability of the gross target volume (GTV) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the important parameters to design safety margins for a reliable treatment. Therefore, this study assessed the interobserver variation in GTV delineation of UM on MRI.

A view from the clinic - Perspectives from Dutch patients and professionals on high myopia care.

Purpose: To understand and compare perspectives of patients and professionals on current ophthalmologic care for high myopia, and to identify challenges and future opportunities.

Methods: Self-reported data were collected through two online questionnaires. Patient perspective was obtained from highly myopic members of a patient organisation based in the Netherlands using a 17-item questionnaire consisting of open and multiple-choice questions regarding personal experience with myopia care.

Effect of anatomical differences and intraocular lens design on negative dysphotopsia.

Purpose: To assess the effect of ocular anatomy and intraocular lens (IOL) design on negative dysphotopsia (ND).

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Design: Ray-tracing study based on clinical data.

Automatic Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance-based measurements of tumour prominence and basal diameter for treatment planning of uveal melanoma.

Background And Purpose: Three-dimensional (3D) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to complement conventional two-dimensional ultrasound in the assessment of tumour dimension measurement of uveal melanoma. However, the lack of definitions of the 3D measurements of these tumour dimensions hinders further adaptation of MRI in ocular radiotherapy planning. In this study, we composed 3D MR-based definitions of tumour prominence and basal diameter and compared them to conventional ultrasound.

Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells Can Be Expanded Successfully from Primary Uveal Melanoma after Separation from Their Tumor Environment.

Purpose: To evaluate whether expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be obtained from primary uveal melanoma (UM) for potential use as adjuvant treatment in patients at risk of developing metastatic disease.

Design: Experimental research study.

Participants: Freshly obtained primary UM from 30 patients.

The Value of Static Perimetry in the Diagnosis and Follow-up of Negative Dysphotopsia.

Significance: There is a clinical need for a quantitative test to objectively diagnose negative dysphotopsia, especially because the diagnosis is generally assessed using patients' subjective descriptions. In the search of a clinical test to objectify the shadow experienced in negative dysphotopsia, this study excludes static perimetry as suitable evaluation method.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the value of static perimetry in the objective assessment and follow-up of negative dysphotopsia.

Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based and Conventional Measurements for Proton Beam Therapy of Uveal Melanoma.

Objective: Conventionally, ocular proton therapy (PT) is planned using measurements obtained by an ophthalmologist using ultrasound, fundoscopy, biometry, and intraoperative assessments. Owing to the recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of uveal melanoma (UM), it is possible to acquire high-resolution 3-dimensional images of the eye, providing the opportunity to incorporate MRI in ocular PT planning. In this study, we described how these measurements can be obtained using MRI, compared the MRI-based measurements with conventional ophthalmic measurements, and identified potential pitfalls for both modalities.

Clinical Outcomes after International Referral of Uveal Melanoma Patients for Proton Therapy.

Objective: To assess oncological and ophthalmological outcomes after international referral of uveal melanoma patients for proton therapy.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study among Dutch uveal melanoma patients who were treated in Switzerland with 60.0 CGE proton therapy (in 4 fractions) from 1987 to 2019.

MRI-based 3D retinal shape determination.

Objective: To establish a good method to determine the retinal shape from MRI using three-dimensional (3D) ellipsoids as well as evaluate its reproducibility.

Methods And Analysis: The left eyes of 31 volunteers were imaged using high-resolution ocular MRI. The 3D MR-images were segmented and ellipsoids were fitted to the resulting contours.

Chromosome 3 and 8q Aberrations in Uveal Melanoma Show Greater Impact on Survival in Patients with Light Iris versus Dark Iris Color.

Purpose: Individuals with gray, blue, or green eyes have a higher chance of developing uveal melanoma (UM) than those with brown eyes. We wondered whether iris pigmentation might be related not only to predisposition to UM but also to its behavior; therefore, we compared the clinical, histopathologic, and genetic characteristics of UM between eyes with different colors.

Design: We determined iris color in a large cohort of patients enucleated for UM.

MR imaging characteristics of uveal melanoma with histopathological validation.

Purpose: To evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of uveal melanoma (UM), to compare them with fundoscopy and ultrasound (US), and to validate them with histopathology.

Methods: MR images from 42 UM were compared with US and fundoscopy, and on 14 enucleated cases with histopathology.

Results: A significant relationship between the signal intensity on T1 and pigmentation on histopathology was found (p=0.

An Automatic Framework to Create Patient-specific Eye Models From 3D Magnetic Resonance Images for Treatment Selection in Patients With Uveal Melanoma.

Purpose: The optimal treatment strategy for uveal melanoma (UM) relies on many factors, the most important being tumor size and location. Building on recent developments in high-resolution 3D ocular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we developed an automatic image-processing framework to create patient-specific eye models and to subsequently determine the full 3D tumor shape and size automatically.

Methods And Materials: From 15 patients with UM, 3D inversion-recovery gradient-echo (T1-weighted) and 3D fat-suppressed spin-echo (T2-weighted) images were acquired with a 7T MRI scanner.

Two-year results after combined phacoemulsification and iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens removal.

Purpose: To describe and present results after a technique for cataract surgery combined with explantation of an iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens (IF-pIOL).

Methods: The medical records of all patients, who had undergone cataract surgery combined with IF-pIOL explantation and subsequent implantation of a posterior chamber IOL by the Single Incision Technique (SIT), were reviewed. Data collection included preoperative and postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, and endothelial cell density (ECD) up to a follow-up time of 24 months.

A Comparison of 3 T and 7 T MRI for the Clinical Evaluation of Uveal Melanoma.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly being used in the diagnosis and treatment planning of uveal melanoma (UM), the most common primary intraocular tumor. Initially, 7 T MRI was primarily used, but more recently these techniques have been translated to 3 T, as it is more commonly available.

Purpose: Compare the diagnostic performance of 3 T and 7 T MRI of UM.

Eye-specific quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI analysis for patients with intraocular masses.

Objective: Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI is currently not generally used for intraocular masses as lesions are small, have an inhomogeneous T and the eye is prone to motion. The aim of this paper is to address these eye-specific challenges, enabling accurate ocular DCE-MRI.

Materials & Methods: DCE-MRI of 19 uveal melanoma (UM) patients was acquired using a fat-suppressed 3D spoiled gradient echo sequence with TWIST (time-resolved angiography with stochastic trajectories sequence).

and Its Ligands Show Increased Expression in High-Risk Uveal Melanoma.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare ocular malignancy which originates in the uveal tract, and often gives rise to metastases. Potential targets for immune checkpoint inhibition are lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG3) and its ligands. We set out to analyse the distribution of these molecules in UM.