The morning after: Prescription-free access to emergency contraceptive pills.

We analyze the introduction of prescription-free access to morning-after pills-emergency contraceptives that aim to prevent unintended pregnancy and subsequent abortion after unprotected sexual intercourse. Exploiting a staggered difference-in-differences setting for Europe combined with randomization inference, we find sharp increases in sales and manufacturers' revenues of more than 90%. However, whilst not reducing abortions significantly, the policy triggers an unexpected increase in fertility of 4%, particularly among women aged 25-34.

Synthesis, Electronic Properties and OLED Devices of Chromophores Based on λ -Phosphinines.

A new series of 2,4,6-triaryl-λ -phosphinines have been synthesized that contain different substituents both on the carbon backbone and the phosphorus atom of the six-membered heterocycle. Their optical and redox properties were studied in detail, supported by in-depth theoretical calculations. The modularity of the synthetic strategy allowed the establishment of structure-property relationships for this class of compounds and an OLED based on a blue phosphinine emitter could be developed for the first time.

Comparative politics and the synthetic control method revisited: a note on Abadie et al. (2015).

Recently, Abadie et al. (Am J Polit Sci 59:495-510, 2015) have expanded synthetic control methods by the so-called cross-validation technique. We find that their results are not being reproduced when alternative software packages are used or when the variables' ordering within the dataset is changed.

1,4-Diphosphinines from Imidazole-2-thiones.

1,4-Diphosphinines that are fused to two thiourea units were synthesized from the corresponding tricyclic 1,4-dichloro-1,4-dihydro-1,4-diphosphinines, and their structures and spectroscopic features are described. Electrochemical studies revealed very low oxidation potentials, which are due to the effective π-interaction between the 1,4-diphosphinine ring and the orbitals of the two ylidic C=S bonds. In accordance with the low-lying LUMO, which is largely localized at the two phosphorus centers, dianion formation is strongly preferred.

Clicking the Arsenic-Carbon Triple Bond: An Entry into a New Class of Arsenic Heterocycles.

Arsaalkynes can undergo regioselective and quantitative [3+2] cycloaddition reactions with organic azides to give hitherto unknown 3H-1,2,3,4-triazaarsole derivatives. The reaction product was obtained as a white, air- and moisture-stable solid, and the presence of a planar, five-membered arsenic heterocycle was unambiguously verified by means of X-ray crystallography. DFT calculations gave insight into the electronic structure of these novel compounds compared to tetrazoles and triazaphospholes.