5.5-mm Cobalt-Chrome vs 6-mm Titanium Alloy Rods in Surgical Treatment of Lenke 1 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis With High-Density Pedicle Screws and Direct Vertebral Rotation on Differently Shaped Rods: A Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study.

Background: The gold standard of surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) consists of a posterior approach requiring complex 3-dimensional correction with multisegmental pedicle screws and 2 contoured rods. The substantial corrective forces and the ability of the rod to withstand these forces rely on its biomechanical properties. The aim of this study is to compare outcomes of 5.

Spine Infections: The Role of Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG PET) in the Context of the Actual Diagnosis Guideline.

Spondylodiscitis is an infectious process that requires numerous health care professionals to be clearly diagnosed and eventually successfully treated. It implies a variety of microbiological agents and conditions; during the diagnostic workup, it is difficult to correctly identify them, and the clinician has to rapidly choose the correct treatment to avoid permanent injuries to the patient. In this context, we conducted a review to better understand the most suitable use of Positron Emission Tomography with 18-Fluoro-deossi-glucose (FDG PET) in a patient suspected of spondylodiscitis, based on current guidelines and literature.

Does use of pre-operative low-dose CT-scan in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis improve accuracy in screw placement? Results of a retrospective study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of pre-operative low-dose radiation computed tomography (CT) in optimizing screw placement in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: 49 patients with AIS who required correction and posterior fusion between January 2018 and December 2019 were included in this retrospective study. All patients underwent surgery performed by the same team of experienced surgeons.

Copper-Alloy Surfaces and Cleaning Regimens against the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Dentistry and Orthopedics. From Fomites to Anti-Infective Nanocoatings.

The latest diffusion of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has involved the whole world population. Even if huge efforts to control the pandemic have been done, the viral spread is still continuing. COVID-19 is reported as a zoonosis jumped from bats and pangolins to humans.

Severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: posterior staged correction using a temporary magnetically-controlled growing rod.

Purpose: A two-staged posterior correction, using a temporary magnetically controlled growing rod (MCGR), was employed to gradually and safely correct severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The aim of the study is illustrating the results of this procedure.

Methods: A retrospective review of a consecutive series of 17 severe AIS.

Liver and skeletal muscle injury in a 12-year-old female patient after scoliosis correction in prone position: a case report.

We report the case of a 12-year-old female, otherwise healthy patient, who underwent surgery for scoliosis correction in prone position under total intravenous general anesthesia, with CardioQ and sensory-motor-evoked potentials for hemodynamic and neurological monitoring. The patient showed severe intraoperative hypotension, lactic acidosis, and complete abolition of motor-evoked potentials during the positioning of posterior corrective bars. During the postoperative period, the increase in muscle and liver enzymes indicated an abdominal organ damage and confirmed hypoperfusion of the lower limbs.

High grade isthmic spondylolisthesis; can reduction always re-align the unbalanced pelvis?

Background: Recently, various studies have reported the importance of distinguishing between balanced and unbalanced SL, sustaining the importance of SL reduction in unbalanced cases. In this study we present our experience in the treatment of isthmic spondylolisthesis in young patients, observing the correlation between SL reduction and sagittal correlation between spine and pelvis.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of a series of patients treated surgically for isthmic spondylolisthesis.

Vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: patient selection and perspectives.

Osteoporotic vertebral fractures represent a constantly increasing pathology that may compromise life quality and general health. Among various treatment options, percutaneous vertebroplasty has been used widely over the past 20 years. Although there is a vast amount of retrospective reports in the literature, high-level evidence has emerged only recently.

Acute pancreatitis after major spine surgery: a case report and literature review.

Background: Acute pancreatitis has been described as potential complication of both abdominal and non-abdominal surgeries. The pathogenetic mechanism underlying acute pancreatitis in spine surgery may include intraoperative hemodynamic instability causing prolonged splanchnic hypoperfusion, as well as mechanical compression of the pancreas due to scoliosis correction, with a higher risk in cases of more extended fusions, especially in young adults with lower body mass index (BMI).

Case Presentation: We report here a case of postoperative acute pancreatitis with benign evolution in a young female patient after the first and second surgery of a two-stage correction of right thoracic idiopathic scoliosis.

Lamins and bone disorders: current understanding and perspectives.

Lamin A/C is a major constituent of the nuclear lamina implicated in a number of genetic diseases, collectively known as laminopathies. The most severe forms of laminopathies feature, among other symptoms, congenital scoliosis, osteoporosis, osteolysis or delayed cranial ossification. Importantly, specific bone districts are typically affected in laminopathies.

Osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures: long-term retrospective comparison between vertebroplasty and conservative treatment.

Purpose: To compare long term clinical and radiographic outcomes in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures of the thoracolumbar spine treated with conservative treatment and percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Methods: The retrospective study with inclusion criteria focused on osteoporotic fractures of the thoracolumbar junction (T10-L2). Clinical outcomes were evaluated by using the VAS, Oswestry and SF36 questionnaires.

Treatment of recent onset low back pain with periradicular injections of meloxicam: a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled cross-over study.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a common and costly illness. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study tested the hypothesis that periradicular injections of meloxicam would reduce LBP and improve physical activity compared to a saline injection at 3 months follow-up.

Methods: After IRB approval, 80 consenting patients suffering LBP of <6 months duration were randomly assigned to the control (C-group, N.

Segmental vs non-segmental thoracic pedicle screws constructs in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: is there any implant alloy effect?

Purpose: The aim of this study is to understand how many anchor sites are necessary to obtain maximum posterior correction of idiopathic scoliotic curve and if the alloy of instrumentation, stainless steel or titanium, may have a role in the percent of scoliosis correction.

Methods: We reviewed 143 consecutive patients, affected by AIS (Lenke 1-2), who underwent a posterior spinal fusion with pedicle screw-only instrumentation between 2002 and 2005. According to the implant density and alloy used we divided the cohort in four groups.

Implant Complications After Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods for Early Onset Scoliosis: A Multicenter Retrospective Review.

Background: Traditional growing rods have a reported wound and implant complication rate as high as 58%. It is unclear whether the use of magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR) will affect this rate. This study was performed to characterize surgical complications following MCGR in early onset scoliosis.

Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy Based on Stroke Volume Variation in Patients Undergoing Major Spine Surgery in the Prone Position: A Cohort Study.

Study Design: A retrospective observational study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to test whether a goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) protocol, based on stroke volume variation (SVV), applied in major spine surgery performed in the prone position, would be effective in reducing peri-operative red blood cells transfusions.

Summary Of Background Data: Recent literature shows that optimizing perioperative fluid therapy is associated with lower complication rates and faster recovery.

Intraoperative monitoring of somatosensory (SSEPs) and transcranial electric motor-evoked potentials (tce-MEPs) during surgical correction of neuromuscular scoliosis in patients with central or peripheral nervous system diseases.

Purpose: Combined intraoperative monitoring (IOM) of transcranial electric motor-evoked potentials (tce-MEPs) and somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs) is safe and effective for spinal cord monitoring during scoliosis surgery. However, the literature data regarding the reliability of spinal cord monitoring in patients with neuromuscular scoliosis are conflicting and need to be confirmed.

Methods: We reviewed IOM records of 40 consecutive patients with neuromuscular scoliosis related to central nervous system (CNS) (29 pts) or peripheral nervous system (PNS) (11 patients) diseases, who underwent posterior fusion with instrumentation surgery for spinal deformity.

Does hybrid fixation prevent junctional disease after posterior fusion for degenerative lumbar disorders? A minimum 5-year follow-up study.

Purpose: Medium- to long-term retrospective evaluation of clinical and radiographic outcome in the treatment of degenerative lumbar diseases with hybrid posterior fixation.

Methods: Thirty patients were included with the mean age of 47.8 years (range 35 to 60 years).

Does surgery for Scheuermann kyphosis influence sagittal spinopelvic parameters?

Purpose: To analyze changes in sagittal spinopelvic parameters (SSPs) after surgical treatment of Scheuermann's Kyphosis (SK).

Methods: We analyzed 20 patients affected by SK and subjected to posterior correction of the kyphosis by facetectomy, Ponte osteotomy, fusion and multilevel instrumentation with pedicle screw system. Four spinal and three pelvic parameters were measured: sagittal vertical axis (SVA), thoracic kyphosis (TK), thoracolumbar kyphosis, lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic incidence (PI), sacral slope (SS) and pelvic tilt (PT).

Changes in spino-pelvic alignment after surgical treatment of high-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis by a posterior approach: a report of 41 cases.

Purpose: To analyze changes in spino-pelvic parameters (SPPs) after surgery of high-grade lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis (HDIS).

Methods: We analyzed 41 patients affected by HDIS operated upon by attempt of reduction and posterior spinal fusion with pedicle screw systems with or without interbody fusion. Pelvic tilt (PT), lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic incidence (PI), and sacral slope (SS) were measured, and patients were further divided into balanced and unbalanced pelvis subgroups.

Less invasive surgery in idiopathic scoliosis: a case report.

Background: Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) has become popular during the last decade due to continuous evidence in favor of lesser soft tissue damage, faster recovery, higher patient satisfaction and reduced health costs. During the last years, surgical ambition for better results as well as most detailed knowledge of spinal anatomy, have resulted in the continuous and successful expansion of indications of MISS, covering already successfully a wide range of degenerative spinal pathologies as well as adult spinal deformities.

Aim: We describe here a case report of a patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) treated by minimally invasive posterior pedicle screw instrumentation.

Hydroxyapatite-Based Biomaterials Versus Autologous Bone Graft in Spinal Fusion: An In Vivo Animal Study.

Study Design: An in vivo study was designed to compare the efficacy of biomimetic magnesium-hydroxyapatite (MgHA) and of human demineralized bone matrix (HDBM), both dispersed in a mixture of biomimetic MgHA nanoparticles, with that of an autologous bone graft.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate 2 new bone substitutes as alternatives to a bone autograft for spinal fusion, determining their osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, and their capacity of remodeling, using a large animal model.

Summary Of Background Data: Spinal fusion is a common surgical procedure and it is performed for different conditions.