The status of care for youth with type 1 diabetes within and coming from humanitarian crises settings: a narrative review.

Background: Humanitarian crises bring unique, and potentially growing challenges to people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We aimed to determine, in youth with T1D (mean age (± 1SD) 0-17.9 years) within and coming from humanitarian crises settings (HCS), the reported prevalence that meet international consensus targets for glycaemic, blood pressure and lipid management, and incidence of severe hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Trends in the incidence of young-adult-onset diabetes by diabetes type: a multi-national population-based study from an international diabetes consortium.

Background: Population-based incidence data on young-adult-onset type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are limited. We aimed to examine secular trends in the incidence of diagnosed type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes with an age of onset between 15 and 39 years.

Methods: In this multicountry aggregate data analysis, we assembled eight administrative datasets from high-income jurisdictions and countries (Australia, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Japan, Scotland, South Korea, and Spain [Catalonia]) that had appropriate data available from an international diabetes consortium (GLOBODIAB) describing incidence by diabetes type among people aged 15-39 years from 2000 to 2020.

Management of Pain in People Living With Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia: Highlights From a Rapid Umbrella Review.

Peripheral artery disease is a complex health condition. It is associated with atherosclerotic occlusive lesions in the arteries limiting normal blood flow, mostly involving the lower extremities, leading to chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Chronic unrelenting ischemic leg pain can be debilitating and distressing, contributing to poor health-related quality of life.

The utility of a machine learning model in identifying people at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: According to previous reports, very high percentages of individuals in Saudi Arabia are undiagnosed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite conducting several screening and awareness campaigns, these efforts lacked full accessibility and consumed extensive human and material resources. Thus, developing machine learning (ML) models could enhance the population-based screening process.

Trends in hospitalization for cardio-renal disease and mortality in people with type 1 diabetes in England, 2009-2019.

Aim: To assess mortality and complication trends in people with type 1 diabetes during the 11 years before the SARS-CoV2 pandemic (2009-2019).

Materials And Methods: Sequential cohorts of people in England with type 1 diabetes aged ≥20 years from the National Diabetes Audit (2006/2007 to 2016/2017) were analysed. Discretized Poisson regression models, adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic deprivation and duration of diabetes, were used to calculate mortality and hospitalization rates.

The burden of diabetes-associated multiple long-term conditions on years of life spent and lost.

Diabetes mellitus is a central driver of multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs), but population-based studies have not clearly characterized the burden across the life course. We estimated the age of onset, years of life spent and loss associated with diabetes-related MLTCs among 46 million English adults. We found that morbidity patterns extend beyond classic diabetes complications and accelerate the onset of severe MLTCs by 20 years earlier in life in women and 15 years earlier in men.

Trends in all-cause and cause-specific mortality by BMI levels in England, 2004-2019: a population-based primary care records study.

Background: In the UK, obesity rates are rising concurrently with declining mortality rates. Yet, there is limited research on the shifts of mortality trends and the impact of obesity-related mortality. In this study, we examine mortality trends and the cause-specific proportional composition of deaths by body mass index.

Transitional care programs for older adults moving from hospital to home in Canada: A systematic review of text and opinion.

Background: Investing in transitional care programs is critical for ensuring continuity of health and coordinated care for older adults transitioning across health settings. However, literature delineating the scope of transitional care programs across Canada is limited. The aim of this systematic review of text and opinion is to characterize Canadian transitional care programs for older adults transitioning from hospital to home.

Heterogeneity in elevated glucose and A1C as predictors of the prediabetes to diabetes transition: Framingham Heart Study, Multi-Ethnic Study on Atherosclerosis, Jackson Heart Study, and Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities.

Introduction: There are a number of glycemic definitions for prediabetes; however, the heterogeneity in diabetes transition rates from prediabetes across different glycemic definitions in major US cohorts has been unexplored. We estimate the variability in risk and relative risk of adiposity based on diagnostic criteria like fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1C% (HA1C%).

Research Design And Methods: We estimated transition rate from prediabetes, as defined by fasting glucose between 100-125 and/or 110-125 mg/dL, and HA1C% between 5.

Is the Comparator in Your Diagnostic Cost-Effectiveness Model "Standard of Care"? Recommendations from Literature Reviews and Expert Interviews on How to Identify and Operationalize It.

Objectives: This research aimed to develop best-practice recommendations for identifying the "standard of care" (SoC) and integrate it when it is the comparator in diagnostic economic models (SoC comparator).

Methods: A multi-methods approach comprising 2 pragmatic literature reviews and 9 expert interviews was used. Experts rated their agreement with draft recommendations based on the authors' analysis of the reviews.

Cardiometabolic and renal phenotypes and transitions in the United States population.

Cardiovascular and renal conditions have both shared and distinct determinants. In this study, we applied unsupervised clustering to multiple rounds of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 2018, and identified 10 cardiometabolic and renal phenotypes. These included a 'low risk' phenotype; two groups with average risk factor levels but different heights; one group with low body-mass index and high levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; five phenotypes with high levels of one or two related risk factors ('high heart rate', 'high cholesterol', 'high blood pressure', 'severe obesity' and 'severe hyperglycemia'); and one phenotype with low diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Disruption of diabetes and hypertension care during the COVID-19 pandemic and recovery approaches in the Latin America and Caribbean region: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted primary healthcare globally, with particular impacts on diabetes and hypertension care. This review will examine the impact of pandemic disruptions of diabetes and hypertension care services and the evidence for interventions to mitigate or reverse pandemic disruptions in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region.

Methods And Analyses: This scoping review will examine care delivery disruption and approaches for recovery of primary healthcare in the LAC region during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on diabetes and hypertension awareness, detection, treatment and control.

Impact of remission from type 2 diabetes on long-term health outcomes: findings from the Look AHEAD study.

Aims/hypothesis: We examined the association of attainment of diabetes remission in the context of a 12 year intensive lifestyle intervention with subsequent incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CVD.

Methods: The Look AHEAD study was a multi-centre RCT comparing the effect of a 12 year intensive lifestyle intervention with that of diabetes support and education on CVD and other long-term health conditions. We compared the incidence of CVD and CKD among 4402 and 4132 participants, respectively, based on achievement and duration of diabetes remission.

Estimation of mortality rate ratios for chronic conditions with misclassification of disease status at death.

Estimation of mortality rates and mortality rate ratios (MRR) of diseased and non-diseased individuals is a core metric of disease impact used in chronic disease epidemiology. Estimation of mortality rates is often conducted through retrospective linkage of information from nationwide surveys such as the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and death registries. These surveys usually collect information on disease status during only one study visit.

Diabetes and Multiple Long-term Conditions: A Review of Our Current Global Health Challenge.

Use of effective treatments and management programs is leading to longer survival of people with diabetes. This, in combination with obesity, is thus contributing to a rise in people living with more than one condition, known as multiple long-term conditions (MLTC or multimorbidity). MLTC is defined as the presence of two or more long-term conditions, with possible combinations of physical, infectious, or mental health conditions, where no one condition is considered as the index.

A machine learning approach to identify important variables for distinguishing between fallers and non-fallers in older women.

Falls are a significant ongoing public health concern for older adults. At present, few studies have concurrently explored the influence of multiple measures when seeking to determine which variables are most predictive of fall risks. As such, this cross-sectional study aimed to identify those functional variables (i.

A novel, nurse-led 'one stop' clinic for patients with liver cirrhosis results in fewer liver-related unplanned readmissions and improved survival.

Objective: Delivering effective secondary preventive and integrated care has the potential to break the revolving-door phenomenon of frequent readmissions in patients with advanced chronic liver disease. To address this, we launched the Care Coordination of Liver Disease (CCoLD) pilot, a novel nurse-led cirrhosis clinic in Western Sydney.

Methods And Analysis: Following an index presentation to Blacktown or Mount Druitt hospitals (BMDH), patients (n = 89, matched by age, sex, and MELD-NA) were consecutively either followed up by the CCoLD clinical nurse consultant (intervention cohort) or received standard care (control cohort).

The burden of mitochondrial disease with associated seizures: systematic literature reviews of health-related quality of life, utilities, costs and healthcare resource use data.

Background: Mitochondrial disease is a degenerative, progressive, heterogeneous group of genetic disorders affecting children and adults. Mitochondrial disease is associated with morbidity and mortality, with predominantly neurological and neuromuscular symptoms including dystonia, weakness, encephalopathy, developmental delay and seizures. Seizures are one of the most common and severe manifestations of mitochondrial disease.

Trends in all-cause mortality among adults with diagnosed type 2 diabetes in West Malaysia: 2010 - 2019.

Aims: We determined 10-year all-cause mortality trends in diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) population in West Malaysia, a middle-income country in the Western-Pacific region.

Methods: One million T2D people aged 40-79 registered in the National Diabetes Registry (2009-2018) were linked to death records (censored on 31 December 2019). Standardized absolute mortality rates and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were estimated relative to the Malaysian general population, and standardized to the 2019 registry population with respect to sex, age group, and disease duration.

Burden of adult-onset Still's disease: A systematic review of health-related quality of life, utilities, costs and resource use.

Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) poses a not well estimated burden on patients and healthcare systems. To assess this burden, a systematic review (SR) was undertaken to identify health-related quality of life (HRQoL), utilities, costs and healthcare resource use data. Searches of twelve databases, four conferences, and three key technology assessment and regulatory agency websites were conducted in August 2022.