Young Adults with a History of Residential Youth Care: A Cohort Profile of a Hard-to-Reach Population.

Adults with a history of living in residential youth care (RYC) face elevated risks across various life domains. In this cohort profile paper, we outline the design of a comprehensive follow-up study-the VINGO study-targeting young adults (22-30 years) with a history of living in RYC (T2). We describe the recruitment strategy and present sample characteristics.

Self-Assessment of Having COVID-19 With the Corona Check mHealth App.

At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a lack of knowledge about the novel virus and a lack of widely available tests, getting first feedback about being infected was not easy. To support all citizens in this respect, we developed the mobile health app Corona Check. Based on a self-reported questionnaire about symptoms and contact history, users get first feedback about a possible corona infection and advice on what to do.

Interpersonal violence and recurrent headache among adolescents with a history of psychiatric problems.

Background: Interpersonal violence (IPV) is found to be associated with mental health problems and pain disorders such as headache among children and adolescents. It is well-known that adolescents in need of mental health services have experienced IPV more often than adolescents in the general population. However, there has not been much focus on pain conditions in child and adolescent psychiatric populations.

Corona Health-A Study- and Sensor-Based Mobile App Platform Exploring Aspects of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Physical and mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic is typically assessed via surveys, which might make it difficult to conduct longitudinal studies and might lead to data suffering from recall bias. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) driven smartphone apps can help alleviate such issues, allowing for in situ recordings. Implementing such an app is not trivial, necessitates strict regulatory and legal requirements, and requires short development cycles to appropriately react to abrupt changes in the pandemic.

Comparative phytochemistry of flavaglines (= rocaglamides), a group of highly bioactive flavolignans from species (Meliaceae).

Flavaglines are formed by cycloaddition of a flavonoid nucleus with a cinnamic acid moiety representing a typical chemical character of the genus of the family Meliaceae. Based on biosynthetic considerations 148 derivatives are grouped together into three skeletal types representing 77 cyclopenta[]benzofurans, 61 cyclopenta[]benzopyrans, and 10 benzo[]oxepines. Apart from different hydroxy, methoxy, and methylenedioxy groups of the aromatic rings, important structural variation is created by different substitutions and stereochemistries of the central cyclopentane ring.

Perceived social support and quality of life among adolescents in residential youth care: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Residential youth care (RYC) institutions aim to provide care and stability for vulnerable adolescents with several previous and present challenges, such as disrupted attachments, wide-ranging adverse childhood experiences, mental health problems, and poor quality of life (QoL). To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to provide knowledge of the associations between perceived social support and QoL and to explore the potential moderating effect of perceived social support on QoL for adolescents who have experienced maltreatment and polyvictimization.

Methods: All RYC institutions with adolescents between the ages 12-23 in Norway were asked to participate in the study.

Measuring childhood maltreatment: Psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale.

Purpose: Adverse childhood experiences in sensitive periods of the developing brain render the individual at a life-long risk for a broad spectrum of aberrant health outcomes. However, there is a lack of scales for the comprehensive assessment of adverse childhood experiences providing information of various types and the age of occurrence. Based on the complete, experimental version of the Maltreatment and abuse chronology of exposure (MACE-X) scale, the present study aimed to develop and psychometrically test a Norwegian version of MACE.

Cognitive function in metformin exposed children, born to mothers with PCOS - follow-up of an RCT.

Background: Metformin is widely used in pregnancy to treat gestational diabetes mellitus and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Association between PCOS and developmental delay in offspring, and larger head circumference of metformin-exposed newborns has been reported. The objective of this study was to explore whether metformin exposure in utero had any effect on offspring cognitive function.

Activity of methylgerambullin from Glycosmis species (Rutaceae) against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia duodenalis in vitro.

Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia duodenalis are widespread intestinal protozoan parasites which both spread via cysts that have to be ingested to infect a new host. Their environment, the small intestine for G. duodenalis and the colon for E.

The role of family functioning and self-esteem in the quality of life of adolescents referred for psychiatric services: a 3-year follow-up.

Purpose: To investigate, in adolescents referred for psychiatric services, the associations of initial self-esteem and family functioning with level and change of quality of life (QoL) over a 3-year period, over and above the effect of their emotional problems.

Methods: Of 1648 eligible 13-18 years old patients attending the child and adolescent psychiatric clinic (CAP) at least once, 717 (54.8% females) were enrolled at baseline (a response rate of 43.

Underestimated prevalence of heart failure in hospital inpatients: a comparison of ICD codes and discharge letter information.

Background: Heart failure is the predominant cause of hospitalization and amongst the leading causes of death in Germany. However, accurate estimates of prevalence and incidence are lacking. Reported figures originating from different information sources are compromised by factors like economic reasons or documentation quality.

"Watering Can" Ureterocele Puncture Technique Leads to Decreased Rates of De Novo Vesicoureteral Reflux and Subsequent Surgery With Durable Results.

Objective: To assess the outcomes of "watering can" ureterocele puncture (WCP), a technique previously associated with decreased incidence of de novo vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), as a durable option for management of ureteroceles and to determine the need for subsequent surgery for VUR following watering can puncture.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of 55 consecutive endoscopic ureterocele procedures performed at our institution from 1999 to 2015. The WCP was performed using a holmium laser fiber to make 10-20 puncture holes through the ureterocele.

Childhood maltreatment, psychopathology and well-being: The mediator role of global self-esteem, attachment difficulties and substance use.

Childhood maltreatment is known to be associated with a broad variety of psychopathology and deteriorated well-being in adolescent populations. In the present nationwide study, we aimed to explore global self-esteem, attachment difficulties and substance use as possible mediators of these associations in a high-risk adolescent population. We included 400 adolescents (aged 12-20 years) living in residential youth care in Norway (response rate 67%).

Quality of life among adolescents living in residential youth care: do domain-specific self-esteem and psychopathology contribute?

Purpose: Many adolescents living in residential youth care (RYC) institutions perceive their quality of life (QoL) to be low. Enhancing QoL is thus important, but little is known about the potential contributors to their QoL. Early interpersonal trauma and subsequent removal from home and repeated relocations to new placements are expected to affect mental health and self-esteem.

Child maltreatment and quality of life: a study of adolescents in residential care.

Background: Childhood maltreatment is an important risk factor for mental and physical health problems. Adolescents living in residential youth care (RYC) have experienced a high rate of childhood maltreatment and are a high-risk group for psychiatric disorders. Quality of life (QoL) is a subjective, multidimensional concept that goes beyond medical diagnoses.

Previous maltreatment and present mental health in a high-risk adolescent population.

Childhood maltreatment is known to increase the risk of future psychiatric disorders. In the present study, we explored the impact of experienced maltreatment on the prevalence and comorbidity of psychiatric disorders in a high-risk population of adolescents in residential care units. We also studied the impact of poly-victimization.

Cyclotide discovery in Gentianales revisited--identification and characterization of cyclic cystine-knot peptides and their phylogenetic distribution in Rubiaceae plants.

Cyclotides are a unique class of ribosomally synthesized cysteine-rich miniproteins characterized by a head-to-tail cyclized backbone and three conserved disulfide-bonds in a knotted arrangement. Originally they were discovered in the coffee-family plant Oldenlandia affinis (Rubiaceae) and have since been identified in several species of the violet, cucurbit, pea, potato, and grass families. However, the identification of novel cyclotide-containing plant species still is a major challenge due to the lack of a rapid and accurate analytical workflow in particular for large sampling numbers.

The diversity of Stemona stilbenoids as a result of storage and fungal infection.

In relation to their biogenetic origin, 68 Stemona stilbenoids have been grouped into four structural types and are listed in order of increasing substitution pattern. Besides different hydroxylations and methoxylations, the rare C-methylations of the aromatic rings represent a typical chemical feature of these compounds. The formation of phenylbenzofurans constitutes another important chemical character separating Stemona species into two groups consistent with morphological and DNA data.

Child Abuse Management Units: How can Mental Health Services be Further Improved?

Background: is a broad term that includes physical, sexual, and emotional (e.g., psychological, verbal) abuse.

Anti-angiogenic effects and mechanisms of zerumin A from Alpinia caerulea.

Alpinia caerulea (R.Br.) Bentham, a perennial herb growing in tropical and subtropical Australia, is used as a flavouring spice and a ginger substitute.

Activity of selected phytochemicals against Plasmodium falciparum.

According to the WHO, in 2008, there were 247 million reported cases of malaria and nearly one million deaths from the disease. Parasite resistance against first-line drugs, including artemisinin and mefloquine, is increasing. In this study the plant-derived compounds aglafolin, rocaglamid, kokusaginine, arborine, arborinine and tuberostemonine were investigated for their anti-plasmodial activity in vitro.

Structural relationships of stemona alkaloids: assessment of species-specific accumulation trends for exploiting their biological activities.

On the basis of a comparison of 42 Stemona samples, representing eight different species collected and cultivated in Thailand, species-specific accumulation trends of Stemona alkaloids were analyzed. An overview was achieved by comparative HPLC analyses of methanolic crude extracts of underground parts coupled with diode array or evaporative light scattering detectors. All major compounds were isolated and their structures elucidated by NMR and MS analyses.

Comparison of endoscopic ureterocele decompression techniques. Preliminary experience--is the watering can puncture superior?

Purpose: The optimal endoscopic technique to manage an obstructing ureterocele would reliably relieve obstruction without creating de novo vesicoureteral reflux. The classic incision achieves decompression but invariably creates new vesicoureteral reflux. We compared a new endoscopic puncture technique to assess its superiority to endoscopic incision.