Machine learning tools for peptide bioactivity evaluation - Implications for cell culture media optimization and the broader cultivated meat industry.

Although bioactive peptides have traditionally been studied for their health-promoting qualities in the context of nutrition and medicine, the past twenty years have seen a steady increase in their application to cell culture media optimization. Complex natural sources of bioactive peptides, such as hydrolysates, offer a sustainable and cost-effective means of promoting cellular growth, making them an essential component of scaling-up cultivated meat production. However, the sheer diversity of hydrolysates makes product selection difficult, highlighting the need for functional characterization.

NMR metabolomics of plant and yeast-based hydrolysates for cell culture media applications - A comprehensive assessment.

Cultivated meat products, generated by growing isolated skeletal muscle and fat tissue, offer the promise of a more sustainable and ethical alternative to traditional meat production. However, with cell culture media used to grow the cells accounting for 55-95% of the overall production cost, achieving true sustainability requires significant media optimization. One means of dealing with these high costs is the use of low-cost complex additives such as hydrolysates to provide a wide range of nutrients, from small molecules (metabolites) to growth factors and peptides.

Compositional, ultrastructural and nanotechnological characterization of the SMA strain of Saccharomyces pastorianus: Towards a more complete fermentation yeast cell analysis.

Nano scanning Auger microscopy (NanoSAM) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) have been used in materials science research for some time, but NanoSAM, in particular, has only recently been applied to biological specimens. Here, the first concurrent utilization of NanoSAM, TOF-SIMS and microscopic techniques for the examination of a standard beverage fermentation strain of Saccharomyces pastorianus uncovered the presence of intracellular networks of CO2 in fermenting cells. Respiring cells produced few bubbles and instead had large internal vacuolar structures.

Quantitative analysis of 3-OH oxylipins in fermentation yeast.

Despite the ubiquitous distribution of oxylipins in plants, animals, and microbes, and the application of numerous analytical techniques to study these molecules, 3-OH oxylipins have never been quantitatively assayed in yeasts. The formation of heptafluorobutyrate methyl ester derivatives and subsequent analysis with gas chromatography - negative chemical ionization - mass spectrometry allowed for the first determination of yeast 3-OH oxylipins. The concentration of 3-OH 10:0 (0.

Dlx1&2 and Mash1 transcription factors control MGE and CGE patterning and differentiation through parallel and overlapping pathways.

Here we define the expression of approximately 100 transcription factors (TFs) in progenitors and neurons of the developing mouse medial and caudal ganglionic eminences, anlage of the basal ganglia and pallial interneurons. We have begun to elucidate the transcriptional hierarchy of these genes with respect to the Dlx homeodomain genes, which are essential for differentiation of most gamma-aminobutyric acidergic projection neurons of the basal ganglia. This analysis identified Dlx-dependent and Dlx-independent pathways.

Intensive therapy: utilizing hypnosis in the treatment of substance abuse disorders.

Hypnosis was once a viable treatment approach for addictions. Then, due to hypnosis being used for entertainment purposes many professionals lost confidence in it. However, it has now started to make a comeback in the treatment of substance abuse.