Trauma patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): a propensity matched analysis.

Background: Given the growing number of people worldwide living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a larger subset of these patients are now susceptible to sustaining a traumatic injury. However, the impact of HIV on outcomes in trauma with modern antiretroviral treatment remains unclear. We hypothesized mortality and rates of infectious and inflammatory complications would be higher in HIV positive (HIV+) trauma patients.

The effects of smoking on adolescent trauma patients: a propensity-score-matched analysis.

Purpose: Cigarettes have been demonstrated to be toxic to the pulmonary connective tissue by impairing the lung's ability to clear debris, resulting in infection and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Approximately 8% of adolescents are smokers. We hypothesized that adolescent trauma patients who smoke have a higher rate of ARDS and pneumonia when compared to non-smokers.

Cryopreserved Alginate-Encapsulated Islets Can Restore Euglycemia in a Diabetic Animal Model Better than Cryopreserved Non-encapsulated Islets.

Islet transplantation has been shown to restore normoglycemia clinically. One of the current limitations to the widespread clinical use of islet transplantation is culturing and preserving more than 1 million islet equivalents in preparation for transplant. One possible solution is to bank frozen islets and use them when needed.

Improved cryopreservation yield of pancreatic islets using combination of lower dose permeable cryoprotective agents.

Islet transplantation has been shown to restore normoglycemia in animal models and for type 1 diabetic patients in clinical trials. One method of storing islets intended for transplantation is via cryobanking at very low temperatures (-196 °C). Cryobanking islets without the use of cryoprotecting agents (CPAs) contributes to cellular shear stress and cell death.

Systematic review of islet cryopreservation.

Pancreatic islet transplantation is being extensively researched as an alternative treatment for type 1 diabetic patients. This treatment is currently limited by temporal mismatch, between the availability of pancreas and isolated islets from deceased organ donor, and the recipient's need for freshly isolated islets. To solve this issue, cryopreservation of islets may offer the potential to bank islets for transplant on demand.