Intensification of Penaeid Shrimp Culture: An Applied Review of Advances in Production Systems, Nutrition and Breeding.

Intensification of the shrimp sector, also referred to as vertical expansion, has been predominately driven by consecutive incidences of global disease outbreaks, which have caused enormous economic loss for the main producer countries. A growing segment of the shrimp farming industry has opted to use production systems with higher density, biosecurity, and operating control to mitigate the risks posed by disease. However, successful super-intensive shrimp production is reliant on an advanced understanding of many important biological and economic parameters in the farming system, coupled with effective monitoring, to maintain optimal production.

Genome assembly of the Australian black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) reveals a novel fragmented IHHNV EVE sequence.

Shrimp are a valuable aquaculture species globally; however, disease remains a major hindrance to shrimp aquaculture sustainability and growth. Mechanisms mediated by endogenous viral elements have been proposed as a means by which shrimp that encounter a new virus start to accommodate rather than succumb to infection over time. However, evidence on the nature of such endogenous viral elements and how they mediate viral accommodation is limited.

De novo assembly, characterization, functional annotation and expression patterns of the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) transcriptome.

The black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) remains the second most widely cultured shrimp species globally; however, issues with disease and domestication have seen production levels stagnate over the past two decades. To help identify innovative solutions needed to resolve bottlenecks hampering the culture of this species, it is important to generate genetic and genomic resources. Towards this aim, we have produced the most complete publicly available P.

Real-time PCR tests to specifically detect IHHNV lineages and an IHHNV EVE integrated in the genome of Penaeus monodon.

Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) can cause mass mortalities in western blue shrimp Penaeus stylirostris, runt deformity syndrome in Pacific white shrimp P. vannamei and scalloped abdominal shell deformities in black tiger shrimp P. monodon.

A PL10 vasa-like gene in the kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus, expressed during development and in adult gonad.

A PL10 vasa-like gene was isolated from the Kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus and therefore called Mjpl10. It is differentially expressed during embryonic, larval, and postlarval development, and in female and male gonads. Using absolute real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we demonstrate that Mjpl10 transcripts are present in the two-cell embryo, suggesting it is maternally expressed, and continually at low levels throughout embryogenesis.

Real-time RT-PCR quantification of Kuruma shrimp transcripts: a comparison of relative and absolute quantification procedures.

Housekeeping genes are often used as references when quantifying the relative abundance of transcripts of interest, because it is assumed that they are stably expressed across tissues and developmental stages. Standard housekeeping genes are targeted particularly in organisms where there is no detailed information on gene expression profiles. Here, the validity of using the two widely accepted housekeeping genes, 18S rRNA and beta-actin, as reference genes to normalize real-time RT-PCR gene expression data from the Kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus, was tested.