Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Guide Preclinical Development of an Islatravir-Eluting Reservoir-Style Biodegradable Implant for Long-Acting HIV PrEP.

Long-acting injectable cabotegravir is more effective than daily oral PrEP at preventing HIV transmission due to improved adherence, but requires bi-monthly large-volume intramuscular injections. Subcutaneous (SC) contraceptive implants can be formulated with antiretrovirals for extended-duration HIV PrEP. Islatravir (ISL) is a first-in-class, investigational antiretroviral with pharmacologic properties well-suited for implant delivery.

Initial in vivo testing of a multitarget kinase inhibitor, regorafenib, by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Consortium.

Background: Regorafenib is a small molecule multikinase inhibitor that inhibits multiple kinases including BRAF, KIT, PDGFRB, RAF, RET, and VEGFR1-3.

Procedures: The in vivo anticancer effects of regorafenib were assessed in a panel of six osteosarcoma models, three rhabdomyosarcoma models, and one Ewing sarcoma model.

Results: Regorafenib induced modest inhibition of tumor growth in the models evaluated.

Functional and structural interaction of (-)-reboxetine with the human α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.

The interaction of the selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (-)-reboxetine with the human α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) in different conformational states was studied by several functional and structural approaches. Patch-clamp and Ca(2+)-influx results indicate that (-)-reboxetine does not activate hα4β2 nAChRs via interaction with the orthosteric sites, but inhibits agonist-induced hα4β2 activation by a noncompetitive mechanism. Consistently, the results from the electrophysiology-based functional approach suggest that (-)-reboxetine may act via open channel block; therefore, it is capable of producing a use-dependent type of inhibition of the hα4β2 nAChR function.