Prospective relations between anxiety sensitivity and transdiagnostic anxiety following cognitive-behavioral therapy: Evidence from the Coordinated Anxiety Learning management trial.

Previous research has implicated reductions in anxiety sensitivity (AS) - the dispositional tendency to fear anxiety-related sensations - as critical to change during cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety. However, the relationship of AS to anxiety symptom remittance following CBT remains largely unknown. To address this gap, the current study evaluated prospective associations between AS and symptoms of various anxiety disorders following completion of the Coordinated Anxiety Learning and Management (CALM) study- a large clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of a brief, computer-facilitated CBT intervention for transdiagnostic anxiety within primary care.

Targeting stigma of mental illness among primary care providers: Findings from a pilot feasibility study.

Stigmatizing attitudes among primary care (PC) providers potentially contribute to poor health outcomes for individuals with serious mental illness (SMI). In this pilot study, our primary aim is to test the feasibility, and preliminary implementation of two interventions (contact and education) to help change provider attitudes and behavior. Participants were 39 primary care providers from two Veterans Affairs medical centers with 19 randomized to the contact intervention and 20 to the education intervention.

Mental Health Status, Need, and Unmet Need for Mental Health Services Among U.S. Pacific Islanders.

Objective: This study examined the mental health status, need for services, and unmet need of community-dwelling Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders (NHPI).

Methods: Survey data were collected from 223 NHPI adults of Samoan or Marshallese heritage. Surveys were translated into Samoan and Marshallese by using back-translation, with feedback from cultural experts.

The Sociocultural Factors Underlying Latina Mothers' Infant Feeding Practices.

In this study, we examined the sociocultural factors underlying infant feeding practices. We conducted four focus groups with 19 Latina mothers of children 0 to 2 years of age enrolled in Early Head Start programs in the United States over a 1-year period. We found these mothers considered both science- and family-based feeding recommendations.

Mental illness stigma among Pacific Islanders.

Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders (NHPI) rarely seek mental health treatment for reasons that are minimally understood. To assess the mental illness stigma context in NHPI communities that may be contributing to low help-seeking, this study collected novel stigma data from two large U.S.

Trust in Community-Engaged Research Partnerships: A Methodological Overview of Designing a Multisite Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Initiative.

Community-engaged research (CEnR) builds on the strengths of the Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) framework to address health in underserved and minority communities. There is a paucity of studies that identify the process from which trust develops in CEnR partnerships. This study responds to the need for empirical investigation of building and maintaining trust from a multistakeholder perspective.

Indicators of self-reported human immunodeficiency virus risk and differences in willingness to get tested by age and ethnicity: An observational study.

There are many barriers that prevent people from receiving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing; however, little is known about the impact of age and ethnicity on HIV testing. We explored differences in self-reported HIV risk and willingness to be tested in the 2014 Get Tested Coachella Valley Community Survey by age and ethnicity.Data were collected from 995 participants via survey methods (online, hard copy, and in person).

An Evaluation of the Implementation of Pharmacist-Prescribed Hormonal Contraceptives in California.

Objective: To evaluate the implementation of pharmacist-prescribed hormonal contraceptives in California after a recent expansion of pharmacists' scope of practice.

Methods: A probability sample of 480 licensed California retail pharmacies (stratified by nonrural or rural location and independent or chain status) was included in a cross-sectional "secret shopper" telephone survey assessing the availability of pharmacist-prescribed hormonal contraceptives and service details. Survey data were analyzed using weighted descriptive statistics, CIs, and Wald tests.

Cultural influences on mental health symptoms in a primary care sample of Latinx patients.

The present study examines how both between group (i.e., ethnic group membership) and within group cultural factors (i.

Lessons learned from using an audience response system in a community setting for research data collection.

Objectives: A community-academic team implemented a study involving collection of quantitative data using a computer-based audience response system (ARS) whereby community partners led data collection efforts. The team participated in a reflection exercise after the data collection to evaluate and identify best practices and lessons learned about the community partner-led process.

Design & Sample: The methods involved a qualitative research consultant who facilitated the reflection exercise that consisted of two focus groups-one academic and one community research team members.

Obesity and Associated Health Disparities Among Understudied Multiracial, Pacific Islander, and American Indian Adults.

Objective: This study examined the state of obesity, diabetes, and associated health disparities among understudied multiracial, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI), and American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN) adults.

Methods: Aggregated data for 184,617 adults from the California Health Interview Survey (2005 to 2011) were analyzed to determine obesity, diabetes, poor/fair health, and physical disability prevalence by racial group. Logistic regressions controlling for age, gender, and key social determinants (education, marital status, poverty, health insurance) generated multiracial, NHOPI, and AIAN adults' odds ratios (ORs) for our targeted health conditions versus non-Hispanic white adults.

Conceptualizing trust in community-academic research partnerships using concept mapping approach: A multi-CTSA study.

Objectives: Collaborations between communities, healthcare practices and academic institutions are a strategy to address health disparities. Trust is critical in the development and maintaining of effective collaborations. The aim of this pilot study was to engage stakeholders in defining determinants of trust in community academic research partnerships and to develop a framework for measuring trust.

Association Between Process-Based Quality Indicators and Mortality for Patients With Substance Use Disorders.

Objective: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are associated with elevated rates of mortality. Little is known about whether receiving appropriate care is associated with lower mortality for patients with SUDs. This study examined the association between the receipt of care for SUDs and subsequent 12- and 24-month mortality.

Community Building Community: The Distinct Benefits of Community Partners Building Other Communities' Capacity to Conduct Health Research.

Background: Academic partners typically build community capacity for research, but few examples exist whereby community partners build community research capacity. This paper describes the benefits of communities sharing their "best practices" with each other for the purpose of building health research capacity.

Methods: In the context of a grant designed to engage African American communities to address health disparities (Faith Academic Initiatives Transforming Health [FAITH] in the Delta), leaders of two counties exchanged their "best practices" of creating faith-based networks and community health assessment tools to conduct a collective health assessment.

Advancing Personalized Medicine: Application of a Novel Statistical Method to Identify Treatment Moderators in the Coordinated Anxiety Learning and Management Study.

There has been increasing recognition of the value of personalized medicine where the most effective treatment is selected based on individual characteristics. This study used a new method to identify a composite moderator of response to evidence-based anxiety treatment (CALM) compared to Usual Care. Eight hundred seventy-six patients diagnosed with one or multiple anxiety disorders were assigned to CALM or Usual Care.

Improving Outcomes for Patients With Medication-Resistant Anxiety: Effects of Collaborative Care With Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.

(Reprinted with permission From 2016; 33: 1099-1106).

Rural African Americans' Perspectives on Mental Health: Comparing Focus Groups and Deliberative Democracy Forums.

A number of approaches have been used to obtain community members' health perspectives. Health services researchers often conduct focus groups while political scientists and community groups may hold forums. To compare and contrast these two approaches, we conducted six focus groups (n = 50) and seven deliberative democracy forums (n = 233) to obtain the perspectives of rural African Americans on mental health problems in their community.

Addressing Mental Health Needs: Perspectives of African Americans Living in the Rural South.

Objective: Rural African Americans are disproportionately affected by social stressors that place them at risk of developing psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to understand mental health, mental health treatment, and barriers to treatment from the perspective of rural African-American residents and other stakeholders in order to devise culturally acceptable treatment approaches.

Methods: Seven focus groups (N=50) were conducted with four stakeholder groups: primary care providers, faith community representatives, college students and administrators, and individuals living with mental illness.

To what extent do community members' personal health beliefs and experiences impact what they consider to be important for their community-at-large?

Background: Health assessments are used to prioritize community-level health concerns, but the role of individuals' health concerns and experiences is unknown. We sought to understand to what extent community health assessments reflect health concerns of the community-at-large versus a representation of the participants sampled.

Methods: We conducted a health assessment survey in 30 rural African American churches (n = 412).

Improving outcomes for patients with medication-resistant anxiety: effects of collaborative care with cognitive behavioral therapy.

Background: Many patients with anxiety disorders remain symptomatic after receiving evidence-based treatment, yet research on treatment-resistant anxiety is limited. We evaluated effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on outcomes of patients with medication-resistant anxiety disorders using data from the Coordinated Anxiety Learning and Management (CALM) trial.

Methods: Primary care patients who met study entry criteria (including DSM-IV diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, or social anxiety disorder) despite ongoing pharmacotherapy of appropriate type, dose, and duration were classified as medication resistant (n = 227).

Association Between Quality Measures and Mortality in Individuals With Co-Occurring Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders.

Importance: Individuals with co-occurring mental and substance use disorders have increased rates of mortality relative to the general population. The relationship between measures of treatment quality and mortality for these individuals is unknown.

Objective: To examine the association between 5 quality measures and 12- and 24-month mortality.

Stakeholder Perspectives on Creating and Maintaining Trust in Community-Academic Research Partnerships.

Community-academic research partnerships aim to build stakeholder trust in order to improve the reach and translation of health research, but there is limited empirical research regarding effective ways to build trust. This multisite study was launched to identify similarities and differences among stakeholders' perspectives of antecedents to trust in research partnerships. In 2013-2014, we conducted a mixed-methods concept mapping study with participants from three major stakeholder groups who identified and rated the importance of different antecedents of trust on a 5-point Likert-type scale.

Assessing fidelity of cognitive behavioral therapy in rural VA clinics: design of a randomized implementation effectiveness (hybrid type III) trial.

Background: Broadly disseminating and implementing evidence-based psychotherapies with high fidelity, particularly cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), has proved challenging for many health-care systems, including the Department of Veterans Affairs, especially in primary care settings such as small or remote clinics. A computer-based tool (based on the coordinated anxiety learning and management (CALM) program) was designed to support primary care-based mental health providers in delivering CBT. The objectives of this study are to modify the CALM tool to meet the needs of mental health clinicians in veterans affairs (VA) community-based outpatient clinics (CBOCs) and rural "veterans", use external facilitation to implement CBT and determine the effect of the CALM tool versus a manualized version of CALM to improve fidelity to the CBT treatment model, and conduct a needs assessment to understand how best to support future implementation of the CALM tool in routine care.