A Critical Appraisal of the Utility of Targeting Therapy-induced Senescence for Cancer Treatment.

Cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy are rarely successful in eliminating the entire tumor population, often leaving behind a subpopulation of senescent cells that can contribute to disease recurrence. These senescent tumor cells also secrete various chemokines and cytokines that may be tumor-promoting and immunosuppressive. Recognition of the deleterious impact of therapy-induced senescence has led to the preclinical development of senolytic compounds that eliminate senescent cells, representing a potential strategy to enhance the efficacy of conventional and targeted anticancer therapy.

Pharmacotherapy for Tourette Syndrome.

Tourette syndrome (TS) is associated with dysregulated cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical neural circuitry, of which the primary implicated neurotransmitters include dopamine, glutamate, and gamma-aminobutyric acid. Pharmacologic intervention for tics should be considered when tics are causing psychological, functional, or physical impairment, and behavioral treatment is either inaccessible or ineffective. Only 3 medications have Food and Drug Administration approval for TS, including 2 typical antipsychotics (pimozide and haloperidol) and 1 atypical antipsychotic (aripiprazole).

The influence of patient gender on exercise prescription in ACL reconstruction rehabilitation.

Objective: To assess differences in physical therapists' exercise prescription and confidence in return-to-sport readiness between girl and boy patients undergoing rehabilitation post-ACLR.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Methods: 115 physical therapist responses were collected in an electronic survey.

Neurocritical Care Rapid Response Team Providing Critical Care Support During Mechanical Thrombectomy of Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke.

Background:  Acute ischemic stroke with medium and large vessel occlusion is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, in which timely intervention with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is crucial for restoring cerebral blood flow and improving patient outcomes. Effective analgosedation and hemodynamic management during MT are critical to patient outcomes and typically managed by anesthesia. Because of inconsistent anesthesia support at our institution, we implemented a dedicated neurocritical care rapid response team (NCC-RRT) to manage these aspects of care.

Trochleoplasty Utilization in the Management of Patellofemoral Instability: Results From an International Survey of Surgeons.

Background: Considerable variability exists in the described clinical and radiographic indications for use, surgical techniques, postoperative management, and risk profile after trochleoplasty for the management of patellofemoral instability (PFI). In areas of clinical uncertainty, a cohesive summary of expert opinion and identification of areas of variation in current practice can be useful in guiding current practice and future research efforts.

Purpose: To assess the current indications for use, surgical techniques, postoperative rehabilitation practices, and observed complication profile for trochleoplasty in the management of PFI among surgeons who perform this procedure.

Factors Influencing Length of Care in Physical Therapy After Pediatric and Adolescent Concussion.

Context: Social determinants of health including insurance type, income, race, and ethnicity have been shown to influence the utilization of physical therapy and recovery after an orthopedic injury. The influence of social determinants of health on the utilization of physical therapy and recovery from concussion is not well understood.

Design: Prospective observational registry study in a specialty concussion program.

The relationship between gene expression and acylhomoserine lactone signaling in .

The opportunistic pathogen has complex quorum sensing (QS) circuitry, which involves two acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) systems, the LasI AHL synthase and LasR AHL-dependent transcriptional activator system and the RhlI AHL synthase-RhlR AHL-responsive transcriptional activator. There is also a quinoline signaling system [the quinolone signal (PQS) system]. Although there is a core set of genes regulated by the AHL circuits, there is strain-to-strain variation in the non-core QS regulon.

Variable Guidelines for Pediatric Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction Rehabilitation Exists Across PRiSM Member Organizations.

Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction, typically used to restore stability to the patellofemoral joint after dislocation, often requires extensive rehabilitation to address acute impairment related to surgical intervention and also underlying non-anatomical deficits that may have contributed to the index injury. Rehabilitation guidelines, including objective functional performance assessment criteria, are lacking in the literature. We sought to summarize the clinical guidelines for rehabilitation and return to activity assessment after MPFL reconstruction as advocated by the member organizations of the Pediatric Research in Sports Medicine (PRiSM) Patellofemoral Research Interest Group (PF-RIG).

Pattern of strength recovery differences Exist in Adolescent athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction when using quadriceps versus Hamstring tendon autograft.

Objectives: To compare the timeline for post-operative quadriceps and hamstrings strength recovery following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using either a quadriceps tendon (QT) or hamstring tendon (HT) autograft.

Methods: Patients (≤18 years) who underwent ACLR using autograft QT or HT were included. Isokinetic strength was extracted at 3, 6, and 12 months post-operatively.

Safety and Efficacy of Levomilnacipran Extended Release in Pediatric Patients Aged 7-17 Years with Major Depressive Disorder: Results of Two Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind Studies.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) presents a significant psychosocial burden, and there is an unmet need for additional treatment options in pediatric patients. Here, we report the results of two phase 3 multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of levomilnacipran extended release in children and adolescents with MDD. In the first study, LVM-MD-11, patients aged 12-17 years received daily doses of levomilnacipran 40 mg ( = 134), levomilnacipran 80 mg ( = 138), fluoxetine 20 mg ( = 134), or placebo ( = 141).

Carbonate-Metal Reactions in the Lower Mantle.

Carbonates are important carbon-bearing phases in the mantle. While their role in upper mantle petrologic processes has been well studied, their effect on phase relations, melting, and transport properties in the lower mantle is less understood. The stability of carbonates in the mantle depends on a host of factors, including pressure, temperature, oxygen fugacity, and reactions with surrounding mantle phases.

Reliability of a qualitative movement assessment tool during a single-leg triple hop landing.

Objective: Assess inter- and intra-rater reliability of the Qualitative Analysis of Single Leg Squat (QASLS) during a single-leg triple hop landing in subjects following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Explore if differences in reliability existed between novice and experienced clinicians. Determine if QASLS scores differed between the surgical and nonsurgical limbs.

The Relationship of Gene Expression to Acylhomoserine Lactone Signaling in .

The opportunistic pathogen has complex quorum sensing (QS) circuitry, which involves two acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) systems, the LasI AHL synthase and LasR AHL-dependent transcriptional activator system and the RhlI AHL synthase-RhlR AHL-responsive transcriptional activator. There is also a quinoline signaling system (the quinolone signal, PQS, system). Although there is a core set of genes regulated by the AHL circuits, there is substantial strain-to-strain variation in the non-core QS regulated genes.

Comparison of physical therapy utilization, timing of return-to-sport test completion, and hop test performance by age and between sexes in youth athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Objective: To compare physical therapy (PT) utilization, timing of return-to-sport (RTS) test and hop test performance by age and between sexes in youth after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Design: Multicenter retrospective cohort.

Methods: A retrospective review of adolescents after primary ACLR was conducted.

Treadmill-based system for postural studies: Design and validation.

Computer-controlled treadmills are common in many gait labs and offer great potential for conducting perturbation-based postural studies. However, the time-course of these disturbances can be too brief to be controlled manually through product software. Here we present a system that combines a Bertec® split-belt treadmill with custom hardware and software to deliver postural disturbances during standing and record data from multiple sources simultaneously.

Mucosal DNA methylome alteration in Crohn's disease: surgical and non-surgical groups.

Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized as a chronic, relapsing, and progressive disorder with a complex etiology involving interactions between host, microbiome, and the external environment. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) suggest several genetic variations in the diseased individuals but that explains only a small proportion of susceptibility to disease conditions. This indicates the possible role of epigenome which links environmental factors to the genetic variation in the disease etiology.

Relationship of the transcription factor MexT to quorum sensing and virulence in .

is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen. Many of its virulence genes are regulated by quorum sensing (QS), a form of cell-to-cell communication. QS consists of three interlinked circuits, LasI-R, Rhl-R, and quinolone signal (PQS).

A balancing act: investigations on the impact of altered signal sensitivity in bacterial quorum sensing.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a widespread form of cell-cell signaling that regulates group behaviors important for competition and cooperation within bacterial communities. The QS systems from different bacterial species have diverse properties, but the functional consequences of this diversity are largely unknown. Taking advantage of hyper- and hypo-sensitive QS receptor variants in the opportunistic pathogen , we examine the costs and benefits of altered signal sensitivity.

Postoperative Strength Differences at Short-Term Follow-Up Vary Based on Autograft Harvest Site After Adolescent Transphyseal Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: To compare the clinical and patient-reported outcomes of adolescent patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with quadriceps tendon (QT) versus hamstring tendon (HT) autograft.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of adolescent patients aged 18 years or younger treated at a single tertiary care children's hospital who underwent primary transphyseal ACLR using QT or HT between January 2018 and December 2019. All patients had minimum 6-month follow-up.

Microbial Primer: LuxR-LuxI Quorum Sensing.

Quorum sensing is a term describing bacterial cell-to-cell communication systems for monitoring and responding to changes in population density. This primer serves as an introduction to the canonical LuxR-LuxI-type quorum sensing circuits common to many species of Gram-negative bacteria. Quorum sensing can synchronize behaviours across a community.