Cryoablation of Primary Breast Cancer in Patients Ineligible for Clinical Trials: A Multiinstitutional Study.

Breast cancer cryoablation clinical trials have strict inclusion criteria that exclude patients with potentially treatable disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and outcomes of breast cancer cryoablation without surgical excision in patients ineligible for prospective cryoablation clinical trials due to unfavorable patient or tumor characteristics. This retrospective study included women who underwent cryoablation of biopsy-proven unifocal primary breast cancer with locally curative intent, without surgical excision, despite being ineligible for (and thus excluded from) cryoablation clinical trials, across seven institutions between January 1, 2000, and August 26, 2021.

Infarcts Due to Large Vessel Occlusions Continue to Grow Despite Near-Complete Reperfusion After Endovascular Treatment.

Background And Purpose: Infarcts in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients may continue to grow even after reperfusion, due to mechanisms such as microvascular obstruction and reperfusion injury. We investigated whether and how much infarcts grow in AIS patients after near-complete (expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [eTICI] 2c/3) reperfusion following endovascular treatment (EVT), and to assess the association of post-reperfusion infarct growth with clinical outcomes.

Methods: Data are from a single-center retrospective observational cohort study that included AIS patients undergoing EVT with near-complete reperfusion who received diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 2 hours post-EVT and 24 hours after EVT.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of English language online patient education materials in breast cancer: Is readability the only story?

Background: Online patient education materials (OPEMs) are an increasingly popular resource for women seeking information about breast cancer. The AMA recommends written patient material to be at or below a 6th grade level to meet the general public's health literacy. Metrics such as quality, understandability, and actionability also heavily influence the usability of health information, and thus should be evaluated alongside readability.

Portable cerebral blood flow monitor to detect large vessel occlusion in patients with suspected stroke.

Background: Early detection of large vessel occlusion (LVO) facilitates triage to an appropriate stroke center to reduce treatment times and improve outcomes. Prehospital stroke scales are not sufficiently sensitive, so we investigated the ability of the portable Openwater optical blood flow monitor to detect LVO.

Methods: Patients were prospectively enrolled at two comprehensive stroke centers during stroke alert evaluation within 24 hours of onset with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥2.

Effect of a Technology-Integrated Curriculum on Sugary Drink and Snack Intake of Elementary-Aged Youth Experiencing Low Income.

Objective: To describe the results of a technology-integrated intervention on sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and energy-dense snack intake with third graders experiencing low income.

Design: A 2 × 2 quasi-randomized cluster-block, parallel-group experimental research design.

Setting: Low-income schools in Rhode Island.

Modeling diffusion-weighted imaging lesion expansion between 2 and 24 h after endovascular thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke.

Purpose: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesion expansion after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is not well characterized. We used serial diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure lesion expansion between 2 and 24 h after EVT.

Methods: In this single-center observational analysis of patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion, DWI was performed post-EVT (< 2 h after closure) and 24-h later.

Prospective Margin Estimates Predict Local Tumor Progression Following Microwave Ablation of Small Renal Masses.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between prospectively generated ablative margin estimates and local tumor progression (LTP) among patients undergoing microwave ablation (MWA) of small renal masses (SRMs).

Materials And Methods: Between 2017 and 2020, patients who underwent MWA for SRM were retrospectively identified. During each procedure, segmented kidney and tumor shapes were coregistered with intraprocedural helical CT images obtained after microwave antenna placement.

Readability and reliability of online patient education materials about statins.

Objective: Statins are the cornerstone for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Patients often consult online patient education materials (OPEMs) to inform medical decision-making. We therefore aimed to assess the readability and reliability of OPEMs related to statins.

Should I Stay, or Should I Go? Early Phase Instrument Development of Workforce Movement-A Pilot Study with Breast Radiologists.

Objective: The goal of this study was to develop a psychometrically valid survey on workplace satisfaction and examine predictors of workforce movement among breast radiologists.

Methods: Actively practicing members of the Society of Breast Imaging were invited to complete a survey on workplace satisfaction. Radiologists also indicated whether they had recently left their practice or were thinking of leaving their practice.

Diversity in interventional radiology: Survey of medical student interest with focus on women and members of underrepresented in medicine racial and ethnic groups.

Purpose: To assess: 1) the percentage of female and underrepresented in medicine (URiM) medical students interested in interventional radiology (IR), and 2) the motivations for and deterrents from IR for female and URiM students.

Methods: The study was IRB exempt. Data from a 19-item survey sent to 5 US medical schools were collected from 10/2018-01/2019 using REDCap and analyzed with SAS GLIMMIX.

A pre-post study of stressors and burnout affecting breast radiologists before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Rationale And Objective: To compare burnout and stressors of breast radiologists prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials And Methods: Members of the Society of Breast Imaging were emailed an IRB-approved survey in January 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey included questions from the Maslach Burnout Inventory and specific stressors including work pace, work-life balance, care of dependents, and financial strain.

ACR Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Before Change in US Preventative Services Taskforce Eligibility Criteria: 2014 to 2021.

Objective: To review Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) scores from 2014 to 2021, before changes in eligibility criteria proposed by the US Preventative Services Taskforce.

Methods: A registered systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines; eligible studies examined low-dose CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening at institutions in the United States and reported Lung-RADS from 2014 to 2021. Patient and study characteristics, including age, gender, smoking status, pack-years, screening timeline, number of individual patients, number of unique studies, Lung-RADS scores, and positive predictive value (PPV) were extracted.

Can incorrect artificial intelligence (AI) results impact radiologists, and if so, what can we do about it? A multi-reader pilot study of lung cancer detection with chest radiography.

Objective: To examine whether incorrect AI results impact radiologist performance, and if so, whether human factors can be optimized to reduce error.

Methods: Multi-reader design, 6 radiologists interpreted 90 identical chest radiographs (follow-up CT needed: yes/no) on four occasions (09/20-01/22). No AI result was provided for session 1.

A Pilot Study of Accelerometer-Based Biometric Data Collection among Patients Undergoing Locoregional Therapies.

This study evaluated the feasibility of measuring patient recovery after locoregional therapies (LRTs) using a wearable activity tracker (WAT). Twenty adult patients with cancer were provided with a WAT device to wear for a minimum of 7 days prior to their procedure (baseline) and for up to 30 days after their procedure (recovery). Daily step counts were continuously recorded.

Clinician-rated outcomes of patients with functional neurological disorders treated in an outpatient clinic.

Background: Patients with functional neurological (conversion) disorder (FND) have historically been difficult to treat. Outcomes have been studied in research trials, documenting improvements; however, limited information is available from a community-treated FND cohort.

Objectives: We aimed to examine clinical outcomes in outpatients with FND treated with the Neuro-Behavioral Therapy (NBT) approach.

Commercial human pulmonary artery endothelial cells have in-vitro behavior that varies by sex.

It is unknown whether biological sex influences phenotypes of commercially available human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs). Ten lots of commercial HPAECs were used (Lonza Biologics; PromoCell). Five (50%) were confirmed to be genotypically male (+) and five (50%) were confirmed to be female (-).

Electronic Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation: The Gap Between Behavior in Smokers and Medical Education.

Introduction: E-cigarettes have engendered a great deal of controversy within the public health and medical communities.  Methods: Two cross-sectional surveys were administered. First, patients at an annual lung cancer screening appointment who self-identified as former smokers were asked about strategies for achieving and maintaining smoking cessation with open-ended questions.

The Impact of Emerging Technologies on Residency Selection by Medical Students in 2017 and 2021, With a Focus on Diagnostic Radiology.

Rationale And Objectives: We sought to determine the perceived impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and other emerging technologies (ET) on various specialties by medical students in both 2017 and 2021 and how this might affect their residency selections.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a brief, anonymous survey of all medical students at a single institution in 2017 and 2021. Survey questions evaluated (1) incentives motivating residency selection and career path, (2) degree of interest in each specialty, (3) perceived effect that ET will have on job prospects for each specialty, and (4) those specialties that students would not consider because of concerns regarding ET.