Recurrent chondromyxoid fibroma of the distal femur treated with percutaneous cryoablation.

Chondromyxoid fibroma is a rare, benign tumor of the bone with excellent prognosis but a high rate of recurrence. We report a patient presenting with pain and a history of chondromyxoid fibroma of the distal left femur previously treated with multiple prior curettage and bone graft procedures. Magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology indicated a recurrence of tumor.

Clinical Outcomes following Percutaneous Urinary Diversion for Hemorrhagic Cystitis.

Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) can lead to severe morbidity in treatment-refractory cases. Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) drainage was first described in 1993 as a safe, nonoperative procedure to achieve supravesical urinary diversion and treat severe HC. Despite its early success, subsequent studies in the adult population have been limited.

Portal Vein Aneurysm Treated With Trans-Jugular Intrahepatic Porto-Systemic Shunt.

Portal vein aneurysm (PVA) is a rare entity that can lead to hemorrhage or thrombosis. Although there is no standard treatment, most cases can be managed conservatively; intervention is reserved for symptomatic or enlarging aneurysms. For patients who are not surgical candidates due to cirrhosis and portal hypertension, endovascular creation of a trans-jugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt (TIPS) is an option to reduce portal venous pressure.

Spontaneous breast hematoma as a complication of anticoagulation therapy requiring angiography and embolization.

Spontaneous breast hematoma is a rare complication of therapeutic anticoagulation therapy with few cases reported in the literature. We present a case of spontaneous breast hematoma resulting in hypotension and symptomatic anemia. Angiography demonstrated multiple sites of hemorrhage within the breast, which was treated with gelatin sponge embolization.

Ablation Planning Software for Optimizing Treatment: Challenges, Techniques, and Applications.

Percutaneous ablation can deliver effective anticancer therapy with minimal side effects; however, undertreatment can lead to disease recurrence and overtreatment can lead to unnecessary complications. Ablation planning software can support the procedure during the planning, treatment, and follow-up phases. In this review, 2 examples of microwave ablation software are described with attention to how the software can influence procedural choices.

Pulmonary Cryoablation Zones: More Aggressive Ablation Is Warranted In Vivo.

Objective: The objective of our study was to determine the effective cryoablation zone when treating pulmonary tumors in vivo and to create pulmonary-specific ablation maps to guide clinical procedure planning.

Materials And Methods: Ablation volume was measured retrospectively in human patients after pulmonary tumor cryoablation with a triple-freeze protocol. Single-probe ablations were performed with 17-, 14-, and 13-gauge cryoprobes; multiple-probe ablations were performed with two or three 17-gauge probes.

Clinical Outcomes after Pulmonary Cryoablation with the Use of a Triple Freeze Protocol.

Purpose: To elucidate clinical variables associated with safety and efficacy in patients after cryoablation of pulmonary tumors with the use of a triple freeze protocol.

Materials And Methods: Percutaneous cryoablation of pulmonary tumors was performed using Galil Medical cryoprobes (Arden Hills, Minnesota) with a triple freeze protocol: 67 nodules in 42 patients were treated at a single institution from 2012 to 2016. Average nodule diameter was 1.

Diagnostic utility of intravenous contrast for MR imaging in pediatric appendicitis.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly employed as a diagnostic modality for suspected appendicitis in children. However, there is uncertainty as to which MRI sequences are sufficient for safe, timely and accurate diagnosis. Several recent studies have described different MRI protocols, including exams both with and without the use of intravenous contrast.

Cysteine proteinase-1 and cut protein isoform control dendritic innervation of two distinct sensory fields by a single neuron.

Dendrites often exhibit structural changes in response to local inputs. Although mechanisms that pattern and maintain dendritic arbors are becoming clearer, processes regulating regrowth, during context-dependent plasticity or after injury, remain poorly understood. We found that a class of Drosophila sensory neurons, through complete pruning and regeneration, can elaborate two distinct dendritic trees, innervating independent sensory fields.

Expression of osteoprotegerin from a replicating adenovirus inhibits the progression of prostate cancer bone metastases in a murine model.

Metastatic involvement of the skeleton is a frequent consequence of advanced prostate cancer. These skeletal metastases cause a number of debilitating complications and are refractory to current treatments. New therapeutic options are being explored, including conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds).

Ex vivo transfer of the Hoxc-8-interacting domain of Smad1 by a tropism-modified adenoviral vector results in efficient bone formation in a rabbit model of spinal fusion.

Study Design: Ex vivo gene transfer for spinal fusion.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate ex vivo transfer of the nuclear-localized Hoxc-8-interacting domain of Smad1 (termed Smad1C) to rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) by a tropism-modified human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) vector as a novel therapeutic approach for spinal fusion.

Summary Of Background Data: Novel approaches are needed to improve the success of bone union after spinal fusion.