Physeal fusion status and lesion size are more important than patient age for healing of juvenile osteochodritis dessicans lesions of the distal femur.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of skeletal age and lesion size, location, and grade on the success of nonoperative treatment for juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (OCD). It is hypothesized that skeletal maturity, including a combination of maturation phenotypes, correlates with nonoperative lesion healing.

Methods: The clinical and radiographic data on 52 patients aged 7-20 years treated for OCD of the distal femur between 2010 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

Livestreaming Can Augment the Observation of Veterinary Post-mortem Examinations.

The creation of interactive livestreaming post-mortem examination sessions for veterinary students is described, including the technological and pedagogical issues that were considered and a detailed description of the solution developed. We used the Hero 7 Go Pro camera ( https://gopro.com/en/gb ) and livestreamed using Zoom ( https://explore.

"It's too hard" - the management of latent TB in under-served populations in the UK: a qualitative study.

Background: UK national guidance recommends systematic screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in under-served populations, including people experiencing homelessness and people who use drugs. This is not routinely implemented in the UK, and the reasons for this policy-practice mismatch remain underexplored.

Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 19 healthcare professionals from across the UK.

Novel and Off-Label Biologic Use in the Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa, Pyoderma Gangrenosum, Lichen Planus, and Seborrheic Dermatitis: A Narrative Review.

With advances in drug development and our understanding of the pathophysiology of skin disease, biologic medications have emerged as powerful management tools for dermatologists. While biologics have most often been used in the management of psoriasis, they are being used off-label for the management of a variety of other immune-mediated skin diseases with overlapping molecular targets. This narrative review focuses on the novel and off-label use of biologic medications for the management of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), lichen planus (LP), and seborrheic dermatitis (SD).

Spatial and temporal variability of microplastic abundance in estuarine intertidal sediments: Implications for sampling frequency.

Microplastics (<5 mm) are well documented across shorelines worldwide; however, high variability in microplastic abundance is often observed within and among field studies. The majority of microplastic surveys to date consist of single sampling events that do not consider spatiotemporal variability as a potential confounding factor in the interpretation of their results. Therefore, these surveys may not accurately capture or reflect levels of microplastic contamination in the environment.

First complete mitochondrial genome of the Saharan striped polecat ().

The Saharan striped polecat ( is endemic to Africa, inhabiting the edges of the Saharan Desert. Little is known about the biology or genetic status of this member of the weasel family (Mustelidae). We present the first complete mitochondrial genome of the Saharan striped polecat, assembled from data generated using a genome skimming approach.

Retinal Vascular Plexuses Are Unequally Affected in Canine Inherited Retinal Degenerations.

Purpose: To characterize the progression of vascular changes that occur in each retinal plexus, in three canine models of inherited retinal degeneration.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we examined the retinal imaging records of 44 dogs from a research colony that had undergone optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging. Animals enrolled included crd2/NPHP5 and xlpra2/RPGR mutant dogs imaged at different stages of photoreceptor loss, as well as RHOT4R/+ dogs after acute light-induced rod degeneration.

Plaque Burden and 1-Year Outcomes in Acute Chest Pain: Results From the Multicenter RAPID-CTCA Trial.

Background: In patients with stable chest pain, computed tomography (CT) plaque burden is an independent predictor of future coronary events.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether plaque burden and characteristics can predict subsequent death or myocardial infarction in patients with acute chest pain.

Methods: In a post hoc analysis of a multicenter trial of early coronary CT angiography, the authors performed quantitative plaque analysis to assess the association between primary endpoint of 1-year all-cause death or nonfatal myocardial infarction and the GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) score, presence of obstructive coronary artery disease, and plaque burden in 404 patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome.

Associations of DNA Base Excision Repair and Antioxidant Enzyme Genetic Risk Scores with Biomarker of Systemic Inflammation.

Inflammation is implicated in the etiology of various aging-related diseases. Numerous dietary and lifestyle factors contribute to chronic systemic inflammation; genetic variation may too. However, despite biological plausibility, little is known about associations of antioxidant enzyme (AE) and DNA base excision repair (BER) genotypes with human systemic inflammation.

Clinical Trial Readiness for Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Experience of an International Educational-Training Initiative.

Several successful clinical trials have been conducted in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) over recent years which have led to the approval of splicing modifiers and gene transfer therapies. With an increasing number of other agents progressing through pre-clinical and clinical development, increasing worldwide clinical trial readiness is becoming essential.SMA Europe initiated a clinical trial readiness project, which included the development of a pilot face-to-face educational-training initiative for clinical specialists and physiotherapists involved in SMA, with an emphasis on the patient perspective.

Health economic modeling for Alzheimer's disease: Expert perspectives.

The successful development of an economic model for the evaluation of future Alzheimer's disease (AD) interventions is critical to accurately inform policy makers and payers. As our understanding of AD expands, this becomes an increasingly complex and challenging goal. Advances in diagnostic techniques for AD and the prospect of disease-modifying treatments raise an urgent need to define specifications for future economic models and to ensure that the necessary data to populate them are available.

Decreased Upward Vertical Movement for Fastballs After Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in Major League Baseball Pitchers.

Purpose: To analyze the velocity and movement of the 4-seam fastball, curve, and slider thrown before and after ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) in Major League Baseball pitchers using PITCHf/x data.

Methods: Velocity and movement data of the 4-seam fastball, curve, and slider were collected for 3 time frames (12-24 months before the date of UCLR as an uninjured baseline, 12-24 months after the date of UCLR, and 24-36 months after the date of UCLR). Pitchers were separated into 3 age groups (<26, 26 to 31, and >31 years).

Disseminated tuberculosis in a lung transplant recipient presenting as tenosynovitis, subcutaneous nodules, and liver abscesses.

Tuberculosis is of particular concern in lung transplant recipients. We present the case of a patient who received a double lung transplant from a deceased donor from Mexico and developed disseminated tuberculosis 60 days post-transplant manifested as tenosynovitis, liver abscesses, and subcutaneous nodules with no definitive lung allograft involvement. The recipient did not have evidence of tuberculosis on explanted lungs, had a negative interferon gamma release assay pre-transplant, and did not have risk factors for this infection.

Diffuse Adrenal Gland and Pancreas Necrosis in a Patient with Disseminated Cryptococcosis-Case Report.

(1) Background: Cryptococcus neoformans is mostly known for causing meningitis, with or without disseminated disease. (2) Case presentation: An immunocompromised 75-year-old gentleman presented post renal transplant with generalized weakness, altered mental status, hypoxemia, and hyponatremia, and was found to have disseminated cryptococcal infection. After an initial improvement, the patient became suddenly hypotensive, and passed away soon after.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination Cutaneous Manifestations for the Inpatient Dermatologist.

Purpose Of Review: The overall purpose of this review was to characterize and summarize cutaneous eruptions associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as well as COVID-19 vaccination.

Recent Findings: Cutaneous eruptions associated with COVID-19 infection have a reported frequency of 1-20%. Increased COVID-19 disease severity has been associated with morbilliform exanthems, urticaria, retiform purpura, and livedo racemosa.

Identifying Child Anxiety Through Schools-identification to intervention (iCATS-i2i): protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial to compare screening, feedback and intervention for child anxiety problems to usual school practice.

Background: Systematically screening for child anxiety problems, and offering and delivering a brief, evidence-based intervention for children who are identified as likely to benefit would minimise common barriers that families experience in accessing treatment. We have developed a short parent-report child anxiety screening questionnaire, and procedures for administering screening questionnaires, sharing screening outcomes with families, and offering and delivering a brief parent-led online intervention (OSI: Online Support and Intervention for child anxiety) through schools. This trial aims to evaluate clinical and health economic outcomes for (1) children (aged 8-9) who screen positive for anxiety problems at baseline (target population) and (2) the wider population of all children in participating classes (total population) in schools randomly allocated to receive identification-to-intervention procedures and usual school practice ('screening and intervention'), compared to assessment and usual school practice only ('usual school practice').