Improving outcomes for care partners of individuals with traumatic brain injury: Results for a mHealth randomized control trial of the CareQOL app.

Objective: To test the efficacy of a randomized control trial low-touch mobile health intervention designed to promote care partner self-awareness and self-care.

Design: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) included a baseline assessment of self-report surveys of health-related quality of life (HRQOL), care partner-specific outcomes, and the functional/mental status of the person with TBI, as well as a 6-month home monitoring period that included three daily questions about HRQOL, monthly assessments of 12 HRQOL domains, and the use of a Fitbit® to continuously monitor physical activity and sleep. HRQOL surveys were repeated at 3- and 6-months post-home monitoring.

A Cetylpyridinium Chloride Oral Rinse Reduces Salivary Viral Load in Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: Evaluating the antiviral potential of commercially available mouthrinses on SARS-CoV-2 holds potential for reducing transmission, particularly as novel variants emerge. Because SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted primarily through salivary and respiratory secretions and aerosols, strategies to reduce salivary viral burden in an antigen-agnostic manner are attractive for mitigating spread in dental, otolaryngology, and orofacial surgery clinics where patients may need to unmask.

Methods: Patients ( = 128) with confirmed COVID-19-positive status within 10 days of symptom onset or positive test result were enrolled in a double-blind randomized controlled trial of Food and Drug Administration-approved mouthrinses containing active ingredients ethanol, hydrogen peroxide, povidone iodine, chlorhexidine gluconate, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), or saline.

Development of a rapid mass spectrometric method for the analysis of ten-eleven translocation enzymes.

In DNA, methylation at the fifth position of cytosine (5mC) by DNA methyltransferases is essential for eukaryotic gene regulation. Methylation patterns are dynamically controlled by epigenetic machinery. Erasure of 5mC by Fe and 2-ketoglutarate (2KG) dependent dioxygenases in the ten-eleven translocation family (TET1-3), plays a key role in nuclear processes.

Global inequities in adverse pregnancy outcomes: what can we do?

The Health Equity Leadership & Exchange Network states that "health equity exists when all people, regardless of race, sex, sexual orientation, disability, socioeconomic status, geographic location, or other societal constructs, have fair and just access, opportunity, and resources to achieve their highest potential for health." It is clear from the wide discrepancies in maternal and infant mortalities, by race, ethnicity, location, and social and economic status, that health equity has not been achieved in pregnancy care. Although the most obvious evidence of inequities is in low-resource settings, inequities also exist in high-resource settings.

Addressing Racial Disparities in the Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy: A Plan for Action from the Preeclampsia Foundation's Racial Disparities Task Force.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are among the leading causes of maternal mortality in the United States, with Black women and birthing people disproportionately having higher HDP-related deaths and morbidity. In 2020, the Preeclampsia Foundation formed a national Racial Disparities Task Force (RDTF) to identify key recommendations to address issues of racial disparities related to HDP. Recommendations are centered around the Foundation's three pillars: Community, Healthcare Practice, and Research.

A software-based observational coding approach for evaluating paediatric dental pain, anxiety, and fear.

Background: Dental practitioners desire non-pharmacological methods to alleviate anxiety, fear, and pain in children receiving dental care; high-quality evidence, however, is required to evaluate methods' efficacy.

Aim: This study aimed to develop and validate an observation-based coding approach (paediatric dental pain, anxiety, and fear coding approach [PAFCA]) to evaluate non-pharmacological behavior management techniques for anxiety, fear, and pain.

Design: Objective (video-based) and subjective (self-reported) anxiety, fear, and pain data were collected from a pilot clinical trial evaluating animal-assisted therapy (AAT) in paediatric dentistry, in which 37 children aged 7-14 were assigned to AAT or control before dental treatment (restorations or extractions).

mTOR signaling is required for phagocyte free radical production, GLUT1 expression, and control of infection.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator of metabolism in the mammalian cell. Here, we show the essential role for mTOR signaling in the immune response to bacterial infection. Inhibition of mTOR during infection with revealed that mTOR signaling is required for bactericidal free radical production by phagocytes.

Mixed methods evaluation of a jail diversion program: Impact on arrests and functioning.

This mixed methods study had two aims: (1) to examine the effectiveness of a jail diversion program in reducing recidivism and promoting educational and employment outcomes; and (2) to qualitatively explore mechanisms through which the program was effective. Participants were 17 individuals arrested for drug offenses who participated in an intensive, law enforcement-based jail diversion program, and 17 individuals in a comparison group. Arrests were extracted from police records, and education and employment were extracted from program data.

A scoping review of endoscopic and robotic techniques for lateral neck dissection in thyroid cancer.

Introduction: Lateral neck dissection (LND) in thyroid cancer has traditionally been performed by a transcervical technique with a large collar incision. With the rise of endoscopic, video-assisted, and robotic techniques for thyroidectomy, minimally invasive LND is now being performed more frequently, with better cosmetic outcomes.

Methods: The purpose of this paper is to review the different minimally invasive and remote access techniques for LND in thyroid cancer.

Reversible O-H Bond Activation by Tripodal tris(Nitroxide) Aluminum and Gallium Complexes.

Herein, we report the preparation and characterization of the Group 13 metal complexes of a tripodal tris(nitroxide)-based ligand, designated (TriNOx)M (M = Al (), Ga (), In ()). Complexes and both activate the O-H bond of a range of alcohols spanning a ∼10 p unit range via an element-ligand cooperative pathway to afford the zwitterionic complexes (HTriNOx)M-OR. Structures of these alcohol adduct products are discussed.

Predicting Serious Bacterial Infections Among Hypothermic Infants in the Emergency Department.

Background: There is insufficient evidence to guide the initial evaluation of hypothermic infants. We aimed to evaluate risk factors for serious bacterial infections (SBI) among hypothermic infants presenting to the emergency department (ED).

Methods: We conducted a multicenter case-control study among hypothermic (rectal temperature <36.

Engaging the Great Circle: a qualitative study of the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde’s mobile medication unit.

Background: The Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon began a Mobile Medication Unit (MMU) as part of their Great Circle Recovery Opioid Treatment Program (OTP) to address elevated rates of opioid use disorder (OUD) among American Indians and Alaska Natives in Oregon. The MMU provides methadone or buprenorphine for individuals with OUD, enrolled in the OTP, who are living either on the reservation or in surrounding rural communities. An implementation study describes the service through document review and qualitatively assesses patient and staff experiences and the perceived barriers and facilitators to mobile services.

Clinician Management Practices for Infants With Hypothermia in the Emergency Department.

Background: Young infants with serious bacterial infections (SBI) or herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections may present to the emergency department (ED) with hypothermia. We sought to evaluate clinician testing and treatment preferences for infants with hypothermia.

Methods: We developed, piloted, and distributed a survey of ED clinicians from 32 US pediatric hospitals between December 2022 to March 2023.

Incidence, Presentation, and Natural History of Adrenal Hemorrhage: An Institutional Analysis.

Introduction: Adrenal hemorrhage (AH) can occur due to multiple etiologies with variable radiographic appearance, often indistinguishable from underlying adrenal neoplasms. There is a lack of AH literature and evidence-based guidelines. Our study aimed to understand the prevalence and etiology of AH, follow-up, and incidence of underlying neoplasm.

Who Serves Where: A Geospatial Analysis of Access to Endocrine Surgeons in the United States and Puerto Rico.

Background: The association between surgical volume and patient outcome is well established, with higher case volume associated with a lower risk of complications. We hypothesized that the geographic distribution of endocrine/head and neck surgeons with an endocrine focus in the United States and Puerto Rico may limit access to many potential patients, particularly in rural areas.

Methods: We used web-based directories from the American Association of Endocrine Surgeons, American Head and Neck Society, and the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery to identify endocrine surgery specialists in the United States and Puerto Rico.

Training Psychology and Psychiatry Diversity Dialogue Facilitators.

This article describes a Diversity Dialogue Facilitator Training Program for Trainees, an innovative project that prepares psychology and psychiatry learners to facilitate diversity dialogues with healthcare professionals (i.e., clinical and research faculty, staff, and learners) in academic healthcare settings.

Influence of BMI percentile on craniofacial morphology and development in adolescents,Part II: elevated BMI is associated with larger final facial dimensions.

Background: Prevalence of adolescent obesity has markedly increased from 5.2% in 1974 to 19.7% in 2021.

Multiplexing in photonics as a resource for optical ternary content-addressable memory functionality.

In this paper, we combine a Content-Addressable Memory (CAM) encoding scheme previously proposed for analog electronic CAMs (E-CAMs) with optical multiplexing techniques to create two new photonic CAM architectures-wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) optical ternary CAM (O-TCAM) and time-division multiplexing (TDM) O-TCAM. As an example, we show how these two O-TCAM schemes can be implemented by performing minor modifications in microring-based silicon photonic (SiPh) circuits originally optimized for exascale interconnects. Here, our SiPh O-TCAM designs include not only the actual search engine, but also the transmitter circuits.

Cauda equina syndrome.

Aims: Patients with cauda equina syndrome (CES) require emergency imaging and surgical decompression. The severity and type of symptoms may influence the timing of imaging and surgery, and help predict the patient's prognosis. Categories of CES attempt to group patients for management and prognostication purposes.