Perceptions of lifestyle-related risk communication in patients with breast and colorectal cancer: a qualitative interview study in Sweden.

Background: Informing individuals about their risk of cancer can sometimes have negative consequences, such as inflicting unnecessary worry and fostering stigma. This study aims to explore how patients diagnosed with breast or colorectal cancer perceive and experience risk communication, particularly concerning the increased focus on lifestyle behaviors as the cause of cancer.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted during autumn 2023, with 23 Swedish individuals, aged 34 to 79 years, diagnosed with breast or colorectal cancer.

Patient preferences in genetic newborn screening for rare diseases: study protocol.

Introduction: Rare diseases (RDs) collectively impact over 30 million people in Europe. Most individual conditions have a low prevalence which has resulted in a lack of research and expertise in this field, especially regarding genetic newborn screening (gNBS). There is increasing recognition of the importance of incorporating patients' needs and general public perspectives into the shared decision-making process regarding gNBS.

Women's perceptions and attitudes towards the use of AI in mammography in Sweden: a qualitative interview study.

Background: Understanding women's perspectives can help to create an effective and acceptable artificial intelligence (AI) implementation for triaging mammograms, ensuring a high proportion of screening-detected cancer. This study aimed to explore Swedish women's perceptions and attitudes towards the use of AI in mammography.

Method: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 16 women recruited in the spring of 2023 at Capio S:t Görans Hospital, Sweden, during an ongoing clinical trial of AI in screening (ScreenTrustCAD, NCT04778670) with Philips equipment.

Precision cancer medicine and the doctor-patient relationship: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Background: The implementation of precision medicine is likely to have a huge impact on clinical cancer care, while the doctor-patient relationship is a crucial aspect of cancer care that needs to be preserved. This systematic review aimed to map out perceptions and concerns regarding how the implementation of precision medicine will impact the doctor-patient relationship in cancer care so that threats against the doctor-patient relationship can be addressed.

Methods: Electronic databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Social Science Premium Collection) were searched for articles published from January 2010 to December 2021, including qualitative, quantitative, and theoretical methods.

Personalizing precision medicine: Patients with AML perceptions about treatment decisions.

Background: This study aims to explore patients' with acute myeloid leukemia perceptions about precision medicine and their preferences for involvement in this new area of shared decision-making.

Methods: Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted in Finland, Italy and Germany (n = 16). The study population included patients aged 24-79 years.

Attitudes and values among the Swedish general public to using human embryonic stem cells for medical treatment.

Background: The use of human embryonic stem cells (ES cells) for the development of medical therapies is surrounded with moral concerns. The aim of this study was to assess the public's attitudes toward the use of ES cells for treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other diseases, what factors are most important to consider when using ES cells for drug development, and if there is an association between religious beliefs and attitudes toward using ES cells for medical treatment.

Methods: A randomly selected sample of the Swedish public, aged 18-87-years-old, completed an online survey (n = 467).

Health literacy and digital health information-seeking behavior - a cross-sectional study among highly educated Swedes.

Background: The benefits of digital development in health care may be obscured by unequal opportunities to make use of digital resources. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of health literacy with I) accessing health check test results in the Patient Electronic Health Record (PAEHR), II) searching for information to better understand individual test results, and III) using the national health information online portal provided by the Swedish national health care system.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included data from 434 individuals, 50-64 years old, randomly selected from the Swedish population during the year 2017 to a cohort study including health examination and a web-based survey.

Perceptions on using surplus embryos for the treatment of Parkinson's disease among the Swedish population: a qualitative study.

Background: Human embryonic stem cells are currently used for developing treatment against Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the use of ES cells is surrounded with moral concerns. Research regarding the public's attitudes can form an important basis for policymaking.

What CVD risk factors predict self-perceived risk of having a myocardial infarction? A cross-sectional study.

Background: This study aims to identify predictors of self-perceived risk of myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: Among 564 men and women (50-65 years; randomly selected from the Swedish population), we assessed risk perception as relative self-perceived risk compared to others (lower, same, higher) and percentage ten-year absolute risk. Predictors (added blockwise) were identified using multinomial or linear regression, providing odds ratios (ORs) or β coefficients with their 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Public perceptions of myocardial infarction: Do illness perceptions predict preferences for health check results.

Illness perceptions are associated with attitudes towards preventive behaviors and are therefore crucial to consider in the context of prevention of cardiovascular diseases. We investigated illness perceptions of the public about myocardial infarction, and whether they predict public preferences for health check test results. A randomly selected sample (N = 423) of the Swedish public aged 40-70 completed an online-survey.

Communicating Test Results from a General Health Check: Preferences from a Discrete Choice Experiment Survey.

Background: Health checks can detect risk factors and initiate prevention of cardiovascular diseases but there is no consensus on how to communicate the results. The aim of this study was to investigate the preferences of the general population for communicating health check results.

Methods: A randomly selected sample of the Swedish population aged 40-70 years completed a discrete choice experiment survey that included questions on sociodemographics, lifestyle and health and 15 choice questions consisting of six attributes (written results, notification method, consultation time, waiting time, lifestyle recommendation and cost).

Good general health and lack of family history influence the underestimation of cardiovascular risk: a cross-sectional study.

Aims: Underestimation of cardiovascular risk may interfere with prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We investigate whether general health and family history of myocardial infarction (MI) are associated with underestimation of perceived cardiovascular risk, and if the participants' calculated risk modifies that association.

Methods And Results: The analysis sample consisted of 526 individuals, 50-64 years old, from a population-based cohort study.

Short-term mental distress in research participants after receiving cardiovascular risk information.

Background: Understanding of how cardiovascular risk information influence individuals is critical for the practice of risk assessment and the management of patients with cardiovascular disease.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate change in mental distress among research participants after undergoing a cardiovascular risk assessment and receiving individual test results.

Methods: In 2017, a questionnaire measuring mental distress after taking part in a risk assessment was distributed among 615 participants in the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bio Image Study in Uppsala, Sweden, aged 50-64 years.

Exploring research participants' perceptions of cardiovascular risk information-Room for improvement and empowerment.

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore research participants' (adults, age 50-65) perceptions of receiving cardiovascular risk information.

Methods: Five focus group interviews (N = 31) were performed with research participants aged 50-65 who participated in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study (SCAPIS). The interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Multiple clinical practice guidelines for breast and cervical cancer screening: perceptions of US primary care physicians.

Background: Multiple clinical practice guidelines exist for breast and cervical cancer screening, and differ in aggressiveness with respect to the recommended frequency and target populations for screening.

Objectives: To determine (1) US primary care physicians' (PCPs) perceptions of the influence of different clinical practice guidelines; (2) the relationship between the number, aggressiveness, and agreement of influential guidelines and the aggressiveness of physicians' screening recommendations; and (3) factors associated with guideline perceptions.

Research Design And Methods: A nationally representative sample of 1212 PCPs was surveyed in 2006-2007.

Misclassification of maternal smoking status and its effects on an epidemiologic study of pregnancy outcomes.

Reliance on self-reported smoking status among pregnant women can result in exposure misclassification. We used data from the Calcium for Preeclampsia Prevention trial, a randomized study of nulliparous women conducted from 1992 to 1995, to characterize tobacco exposure misclassification among women who reported at study enrollment that they had quit smoking. Urinary cotinine concentration was used to validate quit status, and factors associated with exposure misclassification and the effects of misclassification on associations between smoking and pregnancy outcomes were evaluated using logistic regression.

Insulin-like growth factor-I induces the phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion of forkhead transcription factors in human neuroblastoma cells.

Akt-mediated phosphorylation of forkhead transcription factors is linked to growth factor-stimulated cell survival. We investigated whether the survival activity of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma (NBL) cells is associated with phosphorylation and/or localization changes in forkhead proteins. IGF-I induced phosphorylation of Erks (p42/p44), FKHR (FOXO1a) (Ser 253), FKHRL1 (FOXO3a) (Ser 256), and Akt (Ser 473).

N-Myc overexpression leads to decreased beta1 integrin expression and increased apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cells.

Neuroblastoma is a childhood tumor thought to arise through improper differentiation of neural crest cells. Increased N-Myc expression in neuroblastoma indicates highly malignant disease and poor patient prognosis. N-myc enhances cell growth, insulin-like growth factor type I receptor (IGF-IR) expression, and tumorigenicity in combination with Bcl-2.

N-Myc and Bcl-2 coexpression induces MMP-2 secretion and activation in human neuroblastoma cells.

Neuroblastoma is a peripheral nervous system tumor that accounts for 8-10% of all solid childhood tumors. N-Myc is the most reliable prognostic indicator for neuroblastoma. Bcl-2 is detected in 40-60% of primary neuroblastoma tumors and demonstrates anti-apoptotic action by conferring resistance to chemotherapy and radiation treatment.