Spatial Patterning Analysis of Cellular Ensembles (SPACE) discovers complex spatial organization at the cell and tissue levels.

Spatial patterns of cells and other biological elements drive both physiologic and pathologic processes within tissues. While many imaging and transcriptomic methods document tissue organization, discerning these patterns is challenging, especially when they involve multiple elements in complex arrangements. To address this challenge, we present Spatial Patterning Analysis of Cellular Ensembles (SPACE), an R package for analysis of high-plex spatial data.

Pediatric Dysphonia: When to Refer.

The reported prevalence of voice disorders in the pediatric population varies widely between studies, ranging from 3.9% to 23%. Despite this, not all children with dysphonia are referred to a voice specialist for further evaluation.

Acoustic analysis of surgeons' voices to assess change in the stress response during surgical in situ simulation.

Introduction: Stress may serve as an adjunct (challenge) or hindrance (threat) to the learning process. Determining the effect of an individual's response to situational demands in either a real or simulated situation may enable optimisation of the learning environment. Studies of acoustic analysis suggest that mean fundamental frequency and formant frequencies of voice vary with an individual's response during stressful events.

Laryngeal pathologies in dysphonic children with Down Syndrome.

Introduction: Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality and is associated with a higher incidence of congenital heart defects, which often require surgery within the first year of life. Previous studies have found that children with Down syndrome are at higher risk for subglottic stenosis, vocal fold paralysis, and laryngomalacia. The goal of this study is to review children with Down syndrome presenting with dysphonia and to characterize their laryngeal pathologies.

Telehealth for Treatment of Pediatric Dysphonia.

Background: Vocal fold nodules are the most common etiology of chronic dysphonia in the pediatric population. Voice therapy is an effective first line of treatment, with increasing evidence supporting the use of telepractice in speech pathology. Despite this, there is limited data on its effectiveness in the pediatric population.

Understanding immunity in a tissue-centric context: Combining novel imaging methods and mathematics to extract new insights into function and dysfunction.

A central question in immunology is what features allow the immune system to respond in a timely manner to a variety of pathogens encountered at unanticipated times and diverse body sites. Two decades of advanced and static dynamic imaging methods have now revealed several major principles facilitating host defense. Suborgan spatial prepositioning of distinct cells promotes time-efficient interactions upon pathogen sensing.

Barriers to Voice Therapy in Dysphonic Children.

Background: The most common etiologies of dysphonia in the pediatric population are vocal fold nodules and muscle tension dysphonia. Vocal therapy is the first line treatment for these disorders in children. Despite this, not all children undergo therapy.

The lymph node at a glance - how spatial organization optimizes the immune response.

A hallmark of the mammalian immune system is its ability to respond efficiently to foreign antigens without eliciting an inappropriate response to self-antigens. Furthermore, a robust immune response requires the coordination of a diverse range of cells present at low frequencies within the host. This problem is solved, in part, by concentrating antigens, antigen-presenting cells and antigen-responsive cells in lymph nodes (LNs).