Publications by authors named "Grant Martsolf"

In the wake of Dobbs vs. Jackson Women's Health Organization, many nursing organizations asserted that "abortion is health care" and access to it must be protected. Such a phrase makes clear claims about the meanings of "health" and "care.

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Background: Nursing labor organization is consequential to many stakeholders, but collective evidence for outcomes associated with nurse unionization is lacking.

Purpose: To synthesize evidence of associations between nursing unions and nurse, patient, and system outcomes.

Methods: A scoping review.

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Background: Older adults from specific racial and ethnic minoritized groups experience disproportionately higher asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. They also often use emergency departments (EDs) to manage their asthma. High-quality primary care can improve asthma control and prevent ED use.

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We examined the relationship between the nurse practitioner (NP) work environment and realized access (i.e., utilization) to primary care among rural older adults with substance use disorders (SUD).

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Background: Patients with multiple chronic conditions often have many care plans, polypharmacy, and unrelieved symptoms that contribute to high emergency department and hospital use. High-quality primary care delivered in practices that employ nurse practitioners can help prevent the need for such acute care services. However, such practices located in primary care health professional shortage areas face challenges caring for these patients because of higher workloads and fewer resources.

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Background: Nurse practitioners (NPs) can enhance NP care and improve access to care by autonomously managing their patient panels. Yet, its impact on workforce outcomes such as burnout, job satisfaction, and turnover intention remains unexplored.

Purpose: To estimate the impact of NP panel management on workforce outcomes.

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Older people with disabilities living independently often use attendant care, also known as Personal Assistive Services (PAS). The aides providing care can come from a home health agency contracted by the state Medicaid authority, known as agency-directed PAS, or the Medicaid recipient can receive a monthly budget and arrange their own care, known as consumer-directed care. Consumer-directed care is hypothesized to have some possible benefits but could also potentially lead to health hazards.

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Background: Nurse practitioners (NPs) increasingly deliver primary care in the United States. Yet, poor working conditions strain NP care. We examined whether racial/ethnic health disparities in ED visits among older adults with asthma are moderated by primary care NP work environments.

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Introduction: Pediatric nursing has been a profession dominated by women, but patients benefit from representation of both men and women. We describe characteristics associated with male pediatric nurses and consider potential pathways to greater male pediatric nurse workforce participation.

Method: We used data from the 2018 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses, a nationally representative survey of nurses that estimates characteristics of the workforce.

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Article Synopsis
  • The prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs) is increasing among older adults, particularly in rural areas where they face challenges accessing care; these individuals often have other chronic health conditions that lead to higher emergency department (ED) visits.
  • Nurse practitioners (NPs) are becoming essential in providing primary care to this population, yet factors like lack of support and autonomy in their work environment may limit their effectiveness.
  • A study found that greater support for NPs’ independent practice in rural settings is linked to significantly fewer ED visits among older adults with SUDs, highlighting the need for practice administrators to enhance organizational support for NPs.
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Nurse practitioners (NPs) represent the fastest-growing workforce of primary care clinicians in the United States. Their numbers are projected to grow in the near future. The NP workforce can help the country meet the rising demand for care services due to the aging population and increasing chronic disease burden.

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Background: Men are significantly underrepresented in nursing and increasing their numbers should be a priority.

Purpose: To describe the male nursing workforce in terms of size, demographics, education, and work settings.

Methods: Using data from the 2018 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses, we performed a secondary descriptive analysis.

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Demand for acute care is forecasted to grow in the United States. To meet this demand, nurse practitioners (NPs) are increasingly employed in acute care settings. Yet, there is concern about an adequate supply of acute care NPs given demand.

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Background: Lack of structure for care delivery (ie, structural capabilities) has been linked to lower quality of care and negative patient outcomes. However, little research examines the relationship between practice structural capabilities and nurse practitioner (NP) job outcomes.

Objectives: We investigated the association between structural capabilities and primary care NP job outcomes (ie, burnout, job dissatisfaction, and intent to leave).

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Background: Nurse practitioners care for patients with cardiovascular disease, particularly those from racial and ethnic minority groups, and can help assure equitable health outcomes. Yet, nurse practitioners practice in challenging care environments, which limits their ability to care for patients.

Objective: To determine whether primary care nurse practitioner care environments are associated with racial and ethnic disparities in hospitalizations among older adults with coronary heart disease.

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Background: Primary care delivered by nurse practitioners (NPs) helps to meet the United States' growing demand for care and improves patient outcomes. Yet, barriers impede NP practice. Knowledge of these barriers is limited, hindering opportunities to eliminate them.

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It is critical to accurately measure and understand the nurse practitioner (NP) work environment in which individual NP information is gathered but decisions or inferences are made at an aggregated, group level. However, there is little research on preconditions of aggregating individual-level data into group level in nursing research. This study was conducted to assess the multilevel reliability and group interrater agreement (IRA) of the Nurse Practitioner Primary Care Organizational Climate Questionnaire.

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Background: Primary care structural capabilities (i.e., electronic health records, care coordination, community integration, and reminder systems) can address the multiple needs of persons living with dementia (PLWD).

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Expanding scope of practice (SOP) for nurse practitioners (NPs) may increase NP employment in primary care practices which can help meet the growing demand in primary care. We examined the impact of enacting less restrictive NP practice restrictions-NP Modernization Act-in New York State (NYS) on the overall employment of primary care NPs and specifically in underserved areas. We used longitudinal data from the SK&A outpatient database (2012-2018) to identify primary care practices in NYS and in the comparison states (Pennsylvania [PA] and New Jersey [NJ]).

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Studies have established that nurse practitioners (NPs) deliver primary care comparable to physicians in quality and cost, but most focus on Medicare, a program that reimburses NPs less than physicians. In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the quality and cost implications of receiving primary care from NPs compared to physicians in 14 states that reimburse NPs at the Medicaid fee-for-service (FFS) physician rate (i.e.

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Background: Many professional nursing organizations have proposed that the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) is the most appropriate entry-level degree for nurse practitioners (NPs). There have been no studies to date examining the impact of DNP preparation on quality of care or patient outcomes.

Purpose: To examine differences in emergency department utilization and hospitalizations among patients with chronic conditions cared for by Master of Science in Nursing (MSN)- and DNP-prepared primary care NPs.

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Objective: We compared adherence rates by attending otolaryngologists (OTOs) and advanced practice providers (APPs) to the 2013 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation clinical practice guideline (CPG) for children with recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) undergoing bilateral myringotomy and tympanostomy tube placement (BMT).

Methods: Patients aged 6 months to 12 years old undergoing BMT for RAOM who had a pre-operative visit with an independent APP or OTO were reviewed. Patients satisfied CPG criteria if middle ear effusion was identified at the pre-operative visit (pre-op) or if they did not have effusion but met exception criteria based on their risk for developmental difficulties and contraindications to medical therapy.

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Nurse practitioner (NP) scope of practice (SOP) policies are different across the United States. Little is known about their impact on NP work environment in healthcare organizations. We investigated the association between SOP policies and organizational-level work environment of NPs.

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