The pharmacokinetics of oxycodone and its metabolites following single oral doses of Remoxy®, an abuse-deterrent formulation of extended-release oxycodone, in patients with hepatic or renal impairment.

Objective: Remoxy® (Pain Therapeutics, Inc., Austin, TX) is an abuse-deterrent formulation of extended-release oxycodone. The effects of renal or hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of single, oral doses of Remoxy 20 or 10 mg, respectively, were assessed in two phase 1 studies in subjects aged 18-80 years.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ are linked with alcohol consumption in mice and withdrawal and dependence in humans.

Background: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists reduce voluntary ethanol (EtOH) consumption in rat models and are promising therapeutics in the treatment for drug addictions. We studied the effects of different classes of PPAR agonists on chronic EtOH intake and preference in mice with a genetic predisposition for high alcohol consumption and then examined human genomewide association data for polymorphisms in PPAR genes in alcohol-dependent subjects.

Methods: Two different behavioral tests were used to measure intake of 15% EtOH in C57BL/6J male mice: 24-hour 2-bottle choice and limited access (3-hour) 2-bottle choice, drinking in the dark.