A performance comparison of the most commonly used minimally invasive monitors of cardiac output.

Background: Shock is common in critically ill and injured patients. Survival during shock is highly dependent on rapid restoration of tissue oxygenation with therapeutic goals based on cardiac output (CO) optimization. Despite the clinical availability of numerous minimally invasive monitors of CO, limited supporting performance data are available.

Intravenous dextrose versus ondansetron for prevention of postoperative vomiting in children: a randomized non-inferiority trial.

Background: Postoperative vomiting (POV) in children is frequent. Dextrose-containing intravenous fluids in the perioperative period have shown improvement of POV in adults. Similar studies have not been done in children.

Aluminum Exposure from Parenteral Nutrition: Early Bile Canaliculus Changes of the Hepatocyte.

Neonates on long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) may develop parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD). Aluminum (Al) is a known contaminant of infant PN, and we hypothesize that it substantially contributes to PNALD. In this study, we aim to assess the impact of Al on hepatocytes in a piglet model.

Infant Parenteral Nutrition Remains a Significant Source for Aluminum Toxicity.

Background: Aluminum toxicity is associated with anemia, impaired bone metabolism, neurologic defects, and parenteral nutrition (PN)-associated liver disease. This element is a ubiquitous contaminant of PN components, especially in infant formulations. We assessed the current levels of aluminum contamination in infant PN at a level III neonatal intensive care unit.

Outcomes following neonatal patent ductus arteriosus ligation done by pediatric surgeons: a retrospective cohort analysis.

Purpose: Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) ligation in premature infants is an urgent procedure performed by some but not all pediatric surgeons. Proficiency in PDA ligation is not a requirement of Canadian pediatric surgery training. Our purpose was to determine the outcomes of neonatal PDA ligation done by pediatric surgeons.

Reduced aluminum contamination decreases parenteral nutrition associated liver injury.

Purpose: Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis remains a significant problem, especially for the surgical neonates. Aluminum is a toxic element known to contaminate parenteral nutrition. We hypothesize that parenterally administered aluminum causes liver injury similar to that seen in parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis.

Parenteral aluminum induces liver injury in a newborn piglet model.

Purpose: Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis remains a significant problem, especially for the surgical neonate. Aluminum is a toxic element known to contaminate parenteral nutrition. We hypothesize that parenterally administered aluminum causes liver injury similar to that seen in parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis.

Waiting for an operation: parents' perspectives.

Objective: To determine parents' attitudes toward and acceptance of waiting times for their child's operation.

Design: Waiting times were measured by a cross-sectional method. A descriptive survey was conducted of families with a child waiting for a non-urgent operation.

Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in neonates: the role of aluminum.

Parenteral nutrition (PN) is an essential component in the care of premature and ill infants. The incidence of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) ranges from 7.4 to 84%.

Zygomycotic infection of the neonatal upper extremity.

Zygomycosis is a rare fungal infection that may present as a necrotizing soft tissue infection in the neonate. This report illustrates the typical presentation of a premature, infant with a rapidly progressive soft tissue necrotizing infection of his upper extremity at an intravenous site. Early diagnosis with tissue biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Zygomycosis.

Routine pathological evaluation of tissue from inguinal hernias in children is unnecessary.

Introduction: Because unexpected disease is rare in a child's inguinal hernia sac we decided to investigate the cost of routine pathological evaluation of inguinal hernial sacs in children and the incidence of clinically significant pathological findings.

Methods: We searched the health records at the University Hospital, Saskatoon, for patients under 20 years of age who had inguinal hernia repair between 1988 and 1997. For records noting pathology findings of duct-like structures, the operative reports and histology slides were reviewed.

Telehealth provides effective pediatric surgery care to remote locations.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to document the experience and patient satisfaction with providing pediatric surgery consultations and follow-up appointments to remote locations via audiovisual telecommunications technology.

Methods: From January 2000 to April 2001, 16 consecutive pediatric general surgery clinics were reviewed for the type of patient (new or review), the diagnosis, the adequacy and accuracy of the evaluation, and the ability to formulate a plan. In the first year, first-time users were requested to complete a satisfaction survey of 15 questions.