The Impact of a Virtual Radiology Medical Student Rotation: Maintaining Engagement During COVID-19 Mitigation.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to introduce a virtual radiology rotation curriculum that is being used to safely maintain medical student and intern education and engagement with the Department of Radiology at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mitigation.

Materials And Methods: The curriculum is designed as a 4-week block with each week representing one of the four highest yield radiology subspecialties for medical students; neuroradiology, thoracic radiology, body radiology, and musculoskeletal radiology. A subspecialist radiologist from each section was identified as a primary mentor and tasked with designing a daily schedule for medical students and interns.

Renal Tumors of Childhood: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation Part 2. The 2nd Decade: From the Radiologic Pathology Archives.

Malignant renal tumors account for 7% of childhood cancers, and Wilms tumors are by far the most common-but not in older children and adolescents. Among individuals in the latter half of their 2nd decade of life, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is more common than Wilms tumor. The histopathologic spectrum of RCCs in children differs from that in adults.

Imaging of Extranodal Genitourinary Lymphoma.

The genitourinary (GU) system is commonly affected by disseminated lymphoma. Rarely, lymphoma can originate from and remain localized to one of the GU organs and thus presents as primary extranodal disease. Up to 40% of lymphomas present as extranodal disease, with only 3% having the GU system as the primary site of involvement.

Mesenchymal Extratesticular Tumors and Tumorlike Conditions: From the Radiologic Pathology Archives.

Both benign and malignant tumors and tumorlike conditions can arise from the nonepididymal extratesticular tissues. Benign tumors are far more common than malignant tumors, with lipoma being the most common lesion found at this site. Several imaging features can help narrow the differential diagnosis of these lesions, including the presence of fat and imaging features suggestive of fibrous tissue.

From the radiologic pathology archives: Adrenal tumors and tumor-like conditions in the adult: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Advanced imaging often reveals adrenal tumors and tumor-like conditions in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. When adrenal disease is clinically suspected, cross-sectional imaging can be helpful in evaluating the etiology of the patient's symptoms. When adrenal disease is incidentally identified, what the clinician and patient really want to know is whether the findings are benign or malignant, as this ultimately will affect their next step in management.

Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen: CT and MRI features with pathologic correlation.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the CT and MRI features of sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen with pathologic correlation.

Materials And Methods: Nine patients with surgically resected and pathologically confirmed sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation were included in the study. Clinical history was reviewed to determine patient demographics and symptoms at presentation.

From the radiologic pathology archives: diseases of the male breast: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Male breast disease includes a variety of benign and malignant conditions, many of which are hormonally influenced. Gynecomastia and skin lesions account for the majority of conditions in symptomatic men with a palpable abnormality, and these conditions should be accurately recognized. Imaging patterns of gynecomastia include nodular, dendritic, and diffuse patterns.

Vascular abnormalities of the breast: arterial and venous disorders, vascular masses, and mimic lesions with radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Vascular abnormalities of the breast include a wide spectrum of arterial and venous disorders, as well as benign and malignant vascular masses. Multimodality imaging is often necessary to accurately diagnose several of these uncommon conditions, and pathologic correlation can be important for accurate diagnosis of vascular masses. After a review of the vascular anatomy of the breast, the authors discuss the imaging appearance of several native arterial disorders (atherosclerosis and aneurysm) and venous disorders (superior vena cava syndrome, congestive heart failure, thrombophlebitis, and varix).

Abdominal twists and turns: part 2, solid visceral torsions with pathologic correlation.

Objective: The solid abdominal viscera are secured in place by various suspensory ligaments. Laxity or incomplete development of these anchoring ligaments can lead to hypermobility and predispose the patient to torsion-related ischemic pathology. The clinical symptoms of solid visceral intraabdominal torsions are nonspecific.

Abdominal twists and turns: part I, gastrointestinal tract torsions with pathologic correlation.

Objective: The gastrointestinal tract is secured in place by various suspensory ligaments. Laxity or incomplete development of these anchoring ligaments can lead to hypermobility and predispose the patient to torsion-related ischemic pathology. A prompt diagnosis is necessary to avoid life-threatening consequences of prolonged visceral ischemia.

Tumors of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Primary tumors of the liver can be classified pathologically based on their cell of origin into epithelial tumors, arising from hepatocytes or biliary epithelium, and nonepithelial tumors, including mesenchymal tumors and lymphoma. Characteristic findings on MR imaging can be seen in many cases. This article reviews the MR imaging appearance of these tumors with pathologic correlation.

Pancreatic endocrine tumors: radiologic-clinicopathologic correlation.

Pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs) are primarily well-differentiated tumors composed of cells that resemble normal islet cells but that arise from pancreatic ductal cells. They are classified as functioning or nonfunctioning according to their associated clinical symptoms; insulinoma, gastrinoma, and glucagonoma are the most common functioning PETs. They also are classified according to their biologic behavior, although all PETs have malignant potential.

Bone tumor mimics: avoiding misdiagnosis.

Whether discovered incidentally or as part of a focused diagnostic evaluation, the finding of a benign osseous lesion that has radiologic features resembling a bone tumor is not uncommon. Some of the more common benign and nonneoplastic entities that can sometimes be confused with tumors are the following: cortical desmoid, Brodie abscess, synovial herniation pit, pseudocyst, enostosis, intraosseous ganglion cyst, fibrous dysplasia, stress fracture, avulsion fracture (healing stage), bone infarct, myositis ossificans, brown tumor, and subchondral cyst. Accurate diagnosis and management of these lesions require a basic understanding of their epidemiology, clinical presentations, anatomic distributions, imaging features, differential considerations, and therapeutic options.

Clinical indicators of radiographic findings in patients with suspected community-acquired pneumonia: who needs a chest x-ray?

Purpose: To develop a prediction rule for the use of chest radiographs in evaluating for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) based on presenting signs and symptoms.

Patients And Methods: Adult patients with acute respiratory symptoms and positive chest radiographic results from October 2004 through April 2005 were enrolled as positive cases (n = 350). An equal number of age-matched controls with acute respiratory symptoms but negative radiographic results were included.