Unveiling spatial clusters of systemic sclerosis mortality in Spain: A comprehensive geographical analysis.

Objectives: This study examined the spatial patterns of systemic sclerosis mortality in Spain from 2003 to 2022, identifying provincial-level clusters and sex-specific differences to explore potential underlying factors.

Methods: Mortality and population data (2003-2022) were sourced from the National Institute of Statistics. Age-standardized mortality rates were calculated, and spatial patterns were analyzed using standardized mortality ratios and smoothed relative risks via the Besag, York, and Mollié model, with statistical inference performed using the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) technique.

In Vitro Evaluation of Smear Layer and Debris Removal and Antimicrobial Activity of Different Irrigating Solutions.

Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the smear layer and debris removal and antimicrobial activity of two dual-action irrigating solutions for continuous chelation (Triton; Brasseler, Savannah, USA and Dual Rinse HEDP; Medcem GmbH, Weinfelden, Switzerland) with a dual step irrigation protocol with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) followed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).

Methods: Thirty single-rooted single-canal teeth were divided into three groups (n=10) and irrigated with Triton, Dual Rinse HEDP mixed with 6% NaOCl and 6% NaOCl/17% EDTA. The teeth were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to assess the canal wall cleanliness.

A review of the latest developments in rotary NiTi technology and root canal preparation.

The introduction of nickel-titanium (NiTi) mechanical instruments dramatically changed clinical endodontics over the last few decades. Before NiTi, it was necessary to use more instruments to create an ideal root canal shape, and many approaches, sequences and techniques were developed over the years. Recently, NiTi endodontic instruments have undergone a series of changes brought about by modifications in design, surface treatments, and thermal treatments to improve their root canal preparation outcomes and reduce associated canal preparation risks during root canal treatment.

Comparison of shaping ability of the Reciproc Blue and One Curve with or without glide path in simulated S-shaped root canals.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of a glide-path on the shaping ability of 2 single-file instruments and to compare the centering ability, maintenance of original canal curvatures and area of instrumentation in simulated S-shaped root canals.

Materials And Methods: Forty simulated S-shaped root canals were used and were prepared with One Curve (group OC), One G and OC (group GOC), Reciproc Blue (group RB) and R-Pilot and RB (group PRB) and scanned before and after instrumentation. The images were analyzed using AutoCAD.

Present status and future directions: Surgical extrusion, intentional replantation and tooth autotransplantation.

Surgical extrusion, intentional replantation and tooth autotransplantation procedures are important treatment options that clinicians may consider performing in their day-to-day clinical practice. Despite compromised teeth are generally considered for extraction, clinicians must be aware that these cases could be suitable for management by these alternative predictable treatment options. Surgical extrusion, intentional replantation or tooth autotransplantation have similar treatment protocols which includes atraumatic tooth extraction, visualisation of the root portion and replantation.

Orthodontic Extrusion vs. Surgical Extrusion to Rehabilitate Severely Damaged Teeth: A Literature Review.

The need to rehabilitate severely compromised teeth is frequent in daily clinical practice. Tooth extraction and replacement with dental implant represents a common treatment choice. However, the survival rate for implants is inferior to teeth, even if severely damaged but properly treated.

A comparison of near-infrared imaging with other diagnostic tools for dental caries.

Dental caries is one of the most common diseases in the world, and global incidence rates are increasing. The early detection of dental lesions enables a conservative approach to be employed and represents a priority in modern dentistry. Recent studies have suggested that conventional diagnostic methods, such as visual tactile inspection and X-ray examination, exhibit low sensitivity and are not very effective in early diagnoses.

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties of Graphene Oxide on .

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of graphene oxide (GO) against in vitro conditions and when used to coat dentin surface to prevent adhesion. The ATCC strain of 29212 has been used to perform a viability test. The pellet was suspended in ultrapure water, NaCl, PBS buffer, CaCl and MgCl, Luria-Bertani broth solutions.

Clinical procedures and outcome of surgical extrusion, intentional replantation and tooth autotransplantation - a narrative review.

Surgical extrusion is defined as the procedure in which the remaining tooth structure is repositioned at a more coronal/supragingival position in the same socket in which the tooth was located originally. Intentional replantation is defined as the deliberate extraction of a tooth and after evaluation of root surfaces, endodontic manipulation and repair, placement of the tooth back into its original position. Tooth autotransplantation is defined as the transplantation of an unerupted or erupted tooth in the same individual, from one site to another extraction site or a new surgically prepared socket.

Standardization of Endodontic Access Cavities Based on 3-dimensional Quantitative Analysis of Dentin and Enamel Removed.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine and compare the difference in the volume of dentin and enamel removed (DER) to prepare 3 different access cavities and to propose a standardization of the access cavities according to their volume of DER.

Methods: One hundred twenty maxillary and mandibular molars and premolars were assigned to 3 subgroups for each tooth type (n = 10): the traditional endodontic cavity (TEC) group; the conservative endodontic cavity (CEC) group with partial unroofing and convergent walls; and the ultraconservative endodontic cavity (UEC) group, preserving most part of the pulp chamber roof and the occlusal surface. The sliced image data of cone-beam computed tomographic images before and after access cavity preparation were exported as Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine files and imported into the MeVisLab framework system (MeVis Research, Bremen, Germany).

Evaluation of smear layer and debris removal by stepwise intraoperative activation (SIA) of sodium hypochlorite.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of a stepwise intraoperative activation (SIA) of irrigants during and after the instrumentation compared with that of a conventional activation (CA) performed only after the instrumentation to remove smear layer and debris using different activation devices.

Materials And Methods: A total of 70 single-rooted teeth were divided into a control group (no activation, n = 10) and two different experimental groups according to the irrigant activation protocol used: group 1 (CA), in which sodium hypochlorite was activated only after the use of the last mechanical file, and group 2 (SIA), in which activation was performed during and after the instrumentation. The two groups were divided into 3 subgroups according to the activation device used (n = 10): passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI, subgroup a), EndoActivator (EA, subgroup b), and EDDY (subgroup c).

Influence of Negotiation, Glide Path, and Preflaring Procedures on Root Canal Shaping-Terminology, Basic Concepts, and a Systematic Review.

Introduction: Negotiation, glide path, and preflaring are essential steps in root canal shaping procedures. This report aimed to discuss the terminology, basic concepts, and clinical considerations of negotiation, glide path, and preflaring procedures and the influence of these steps on root canal shaping.

Methods: This systematic review was undertaken following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Clinical and Histological Findings of Post-Treatment Infection in the Presence of Vertical Root Fracture and Apical Periodontitis: Case Reports.

Apical periodontitis and vertical root fracture (VRF) might coexist in the same root, thus representing a di-agnostic challenge in endodontics. Diagnosis should be based on detailed clinical examination and precise radiographic interpretation in addition to histological examination, if needed. The histological findings of the case presented showed the possible coexistence of a VRF in the coronal third of the root and signs of apical periodontitis caused by intracanal infection in the apical third of the same root.

The Outcome of Primary Root Canal Treatment in Postirradiated Patients: A Case Series.

Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaw is considered the most severe long-term adverse effect that can occur in radiation therapy patients. Teeth extractions and dental diseases are the main risk factors for ORN in irradiated patients. The aim of this case series was to evaluate the outcome of primary root canal treatments performed on patients who underwent head and neck radiotherapy and to evaluate any ORN related to the endodontic treatment.

Endodontic management of an autotransplanted mandibular third molar: A simplified approach.

Background And Overview: In this case report, the authors aim to review the standard protocols for endodontic treatment of autotransplanted molars and report on the 5-year follow-up of a clinical transplantation case.

Case Description: The authors transplanted a mandibular third molar into the position of the adjacent second molar. The authors performed extraoral apicoectomy and retrograde restoration after atraumatic extraction of the donor tooth and before transplantation.

Histologic Response of Human Pulp and Periapical Tissues to Tricalcium Silicate-based Materials: A Series of Successfully Treated Cases.

Pulpal/periapical responses of human teeth that are treated successfully with tricalcium silicate-based materials are extremely difficult to obtain because of the typical unavailability of these teeth for histologic examination. The present case series reports histologic and histobacteriologic findings of 3 human teeth that had undergone pulpotomy, orthograde retreatment, and apicoectomy/root-end filling using tricalcium silicate-based endodontic materials. The teeth were extracted after 34 days, 7 weeks, and 20 months, respectively, because of unusual circumstances.

Antibiofilm Activity of Three Different Irrigation Techniques: An in Vitro Study.

The microbial infection of the endodontic space occurs in a necrotic tooth as a result of dental caries, trauma, periodontal disease, or previous root canal therapy. The disruption of the biofilms and the reduction of the bacterial load inside root canals are crucial for the success of root canal therapy. The aim of this study was to compare, in vitro, the antibiofilm efficacy of a novel passive sonic irrigation (PSI) device with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and conventional needle irrigation (CNI).

Implant insertion torque value in immediate loading: A retrospective study.

Background: The aim of this study is to verify if the Insertion Torque Value (ITV) of 32 Ncm for immediate loading protocol (ILP), as indicated by literature, is still, with the advance in implant research, a real significant cut-off for long-term implant survival.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective study, data from 224 patients that during three years of clinical practice, were submitted to the insertion of 322 implants with immediate loading protocol, have been recorded, pooled and analyzed. Data were organized based on Insertion Torque Value (ITV): > 32 Ncm (CG) and < 32 Ncm (LTG) and two different groups of equal sample size, 161 implants each, were distinguished.

Regenerative Endodontic Procedures Using Contemporary Endodontic Materials.

Calcium hydroxide apexification and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) apexification are classical treatments for necrotic immature permanent teeth. The first tend to fail for lack of compliance given the high number of sessions needed; the second has technical difficulties such as material manipulation and overfilling. With both techniques, the root development is interrupted leaving the tooth with a fragile root structure, a poor crown-to-root ratio, periodontal breakdown, and high risk of fracture, compromising long-term prognosis of the tooth.

Influence of activation mode and preheating on intracanal irrigant temperature.

This ex vivo study assessed the effectiveness of two activation modes to increase the intracanal temperature of 5.25% NaOCl solution and the time for a preheated-irrigant to return to its initial temperature. Ten single-rooted extracted human teeth were used.

Efficacy of sonic and ultrasonic irrigation devices in the removal of debris from canal irregularities in artificial root canals.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of different sonic and ultrasonic devices in the elimination of debris from canal irregularities in artificial root canals.

Materials And Methods: A resin model of a transparent radicular canal filled with dentin debris was used. Five groups were tested, namely: Group 1 - ultrasonic insert 15.

Photodynamic therapy in endodontics.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality that was initiated in 1900; however, it was not until the last decade that PDT regained attention for its several favourable features during the treatment of microbial infections in endodontics. Recently, several papers advocated its use for root canal treatment. The concept of photodynamic inactivation requires microbial exposure to either exogenous or endogenous photosensitizer molecules, followed by visible light energy, typically wavelengths in the red/near-infrared region that cause the excitation of the photosensitizers resulting in the production of singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species that react with intracellular components and consequently produce cell inactivation and death.