Unveiling hidden leprosy in underserved populations of the Amazonas state through active case-finding-the Amazon Skin Health Program (2023).

Background: Active case-finding is an effective strategy for combating leprosy, especially in early multibacillary cases in endemic regions. This early approach includes systematic actions such as epidemiological investigations, community surveys, and awareness campaigns to identify leprosy cases. This study reports new leprosy cases diagnosed through an active case-finding initiative conducted in 12 underserved populations from Amazonas in 2023.

The push to infuse mental health education across advanced nursing curricula.

Research indicates that knowledge gaps and unfavorable attitudes among primary care advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) are linked to stigma surrounding psychiatric care, affecting the management of patients experiencing mental illness. Despite standards of practice and educational guidelines set forth by professional nursing organizations to increase quality of care, challenges exist when delivering care to patients with mental health disorders. Lack of integration of mental health education throughout graduate nursing courses contributes to an underestimation of its significance and applicability within advanced practice nursing in primary care.

Influence of haemolysis on blood biochemistry profiles in cattle.

Although haemolysis is the most common source of preanalytical error in clinical laboratories, its influence on cattle biochemistry remains poorly understood. The effect of haemolysis and its clinical relevance were investigated in 70 samples in which haemolysis was artificially induced (by spiking with increasing amounts of haemolysate, yielding 0.0%, 0.

Acute toxicology report of the emerging marine biotoxin Brevetoxin 3 in mice: Food safety implications.

Brevetoxins (PbTxs) are emerging marine toxins that can lead to Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning in humans by the ingestion of contaminated seafood. Recent reports on brevetoxin detection in shellfish in regions where it has not been described before, arise the need of updated guidelines to ensure seafood consumers safety. Our aim was to provide toxicological data for brevetoxin 3 (PbTx3) by assessing oral toxicity in mice and comparing it with intraperitoneal administration.

Socio-Demographic, Clinical, and Mortality Differences between HIV-Infected and HIV/HTLV-1 Co-Infected Patients in Peru.

Background And Aims: In Peru, the estimated prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human T-lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) co-infection has been reported to be as high as 18%. Despite the endemicity of HTLV-1 in Peru, few studies have assessed the impact of HIV/HTLV-1 co-infection. Our study compared socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, and mortality rates between HIV-infected and HIV/HTLV-1 co-infected patients.

Experiential Learning of Childhood Growth and Development Through a Pediatric Play Project.

The adoption of a new undergraduate nursing curriculum granted the opportunity to develop a new method for teaching growth and development. The Pediatric Play Project was designed as part of clinical experience where students explored principles of growth and development by designing a toy or play activity for a hospitalized pediatric patient. Students exhibited immense creativity while meeting learning outcomes, and the project received positive feedback from students and faculty.

Molecular Design of Interfaces of Model Food Nanoemulsions: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Approach.

The composition and structure of the interfacial region of emulsions frequently determine its functionality and practical applications. In this work, we have integrated theory and experiments to enable a detailed description of the location and orientation of antioxidants in the interfacial region of olive-oil-in-water nanoemulsions (O/W) loaded with the model gallic acid (GA) antioxidant. For the purpose, we determined the distribution of GA in the intact emulsions by employing the well-developed pseudophase kinetic model, as well as their oxidative stability.

Simulation-Based Analysis of "What-If" Scenarios with Connected and Automated Vehicles Navigating Roundabouts.

Despite the potential of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), there are still many open questions on how road capacity can be influenced and what methods can be used to assess its expected benefits in the progressive transition towards fully cooperative driving. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the benefits of CAV technologies by investigating mobility-related issues of automated vehicles operating with a cooperative adaptive cruise control system on roundabout efficiency using microscopic traffic simulation. The availability of the adjustment factors for CAVs provided by the 2022 Highway Capacity Manual allowed to adjust the entry capacity equations to reflect the presence of CAVs on roundabouts.

HIV and antiretroviral treatment knowledge gaps and psychosocial burden among persons living with HIV in Lima, Peru.

This study aims to describe knowledge on HIV and antiretroviral (ARV) treatment and psychosocial factors among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Lima, Perú, to explore characteristics associated to this knowledge, and determine its impact on sustained viral suppression. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 171 PLWH at the largest referral health care center in Lima. The psychosocial factors measured were depression, risk of alcoholism, use of illegal drugs and disclosure.

Clinical situation of Venezuelan migrants living with HIV in a hospital in Lima, Peru.

Due to a huge crisis extensive to health services many Venezuelan people living with HIV (PLWH) had migrated abroad, including Peru where favorable laws were in place until June 2019. We describe the health status and epidemiological trends of PLWH from Venezuela at an HIV program in Lima. We analyzed baseline and follow-up data of all Venezuelan PLWH enrolled in our HIV program from January 2017 to December 2019.

Impact of Implementing an Academic Detailing Program on Opioid-Benzodiazepine Co-Prescribing Trends at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.

Objectives: To assess the process and outcomes of academic detailing to enhance the Opioid Safety Initiative and the Psychotropic Drug Safety Initiative to reduce co-prescribing of opioid-benzodiazepine combinations in veterans.

Methods: A retrospective cohort design was conducted to evaluate the impact of implementing an academic detailing program on opioid-benzodiazepine co-prescribing between October 2014 through March 2019 at the U.S.

Safety of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Recent advances in immunotherapy have resulted in the development of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, such as axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel). However, axi-cel administration is not without risks of toxicity.

Synthesis of Novel Dinuclear N-Substituted 4-(Dimethylamino)benzaldehyde Thiosemicarbazonates of Rhenium(I): Formation of Four- and/or Five-Membered Chelate Rings, Conformational Analysis, and Reactivity.

The reaction of -[ReX(CHCN)(CO)] (X = Cl, Br) with -phenyl-[4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde] thiosemicarbazone () or -4-methoxybenzyl-[4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde] thiosemicarbazone () under controlled synthetic conditions gave 4 mononuclear [ReX(HL)(CO)] (X = Cl, Br) and 16 dinuclear [ReL(CO)] compounds. These complexes were obtained as single crystals, and their structures were established by X-ray diffraction. The structural study of these dimers showed the formation of several solvates, the presence of linkage isomerism, and the stabilization of four- and/or five-membered chelate rings.

The Puerto Rico Alzheimer Disease Initiative (PRADI): A Multisource Ascertainment Approach.

Introduction: Puerto Ricans, the second largest Latino group in the continental US, are underrepresented in genomic studies of Alzheimer disease (AD). To increase representation of this group in genomic studies of AD, we developed a multisource ascertainment approach to enroll AD patients, and their family members living in Puerto Rico (PR) as part of the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP), an international effort to advance broader personalized/precision medicine initiatives for AD across all populations.

Methods: The Puerto Rico Alzheimer Disease Initiative (PRADI) multisource ascertainment approach was developed to recruit and enroll Puerto Rican adults aged 50 years and older for a genetic research study of AD, including individuals with cognitive decline (AD, mild cognitive impairment), their similarly, aged family members, and cognitively healthy unrelated individuals age 50 and up.

Biochemical effect of a histidine phosphatase acid (phytase) of Aspergillus japonicus var. Saito on performance and bony characteristics of broiler.

Phytases are enzymes that hydrolyze the ester linkage of phytic acid, releasing inositol and inorganic phosphate. The phytic acid (phytate) is a major form of phosphorus in plant foods. Knowing that diet for animal of production has the cereal base (corn and soybean), primarily, broilers need for an alternative to use of the phosphate present in these ingredients, since it does not naturally produce the enzyme phytase, which makes it available.

Effect of Simultaneous Administration of Dihydroxyacetone on the Diffusion of Lawsone Through Various In Vitro Skin Models.

Unprotected sunlight exposure is a risk factor for a variety of cutaneous cancers. Topically used dihydroxyacetone (DHA) creates, via Maillard reaction, chemically fixed keratin sunscreen in the stratum corneum with significant protection against UVA/Soret radiation. When used in conjunction with naphthoquinones a naphthoquinone-modified DHA Maillard reaction is produced that provides protection across the UVB/UVA/Soret spectra lasting up to 1 week, resisting sweating and contact removal.

Stacking and hydrogen bond interactions between adenine and gallic acid.

We have performed DFT and DFT-SAPT calculations on dimers of gallic acid, the model system for plant polyphenols, and the DNA base adenine. These dimers were selected for this study as they exhibit simultaneously hydrogen bonds and stacking interactions and it allows to quantify the relative values of these interactions. We calculate the relationships between the stability of the complexes, the charge transfer between monomers and the properties of the intermolecular bonds including hydrogen bonds and other bonds that do not involve hydrogen atoms.

A QTAIM-based energy partitioning for understanding the physical origin of conformational preferences: application to the Z effect in O=C-X-R and related units.

A quantum theory of atoms in molecules-based energy partitioning was carried out for Z and E conformers of a series of O=C-X-R containing compounds. The results obtained for the simplest compound (formic acid) indicate that the attraction of the electron density within carbonyl oxygen by the nucleus of the acid hydrogen is the most important energy term for Z preference. This conclusion can be extended (mutatis mutandis) to larger carboxylic acids, esters, sulfur derivatives, secondary amides, and carbonyl isocyanates, and even explains the sequence of relative conformational energies in the HCXOH series (X = O, S, Se).

How does aromaticity rule the thermodynamic stability of hydroporphyrins?

Several measures of aromaticity including energetic, magnetic, and electron density criteria are employed to show how aromatic stabilization can explain the stability sequence of hydroporphyrins, ranging from porphin to octahydroporphin, and their preferred hydrogenation paths. The methods employed involve topological resonance energies and their circuit energy effects, bond resonance energies, multicenter delocalization indices, ring current maps, magnetic susceptibilities, and nuclear-independent chemical shifts. To compare the information obtained by the different methods, the results have been put in the same scale by using recently proposed approaches.

Numbers in the blind's "eye".

Background: Although lacking visual experience with numerosities, recent evidence shows that the blind perform similarly to sighted persons on numerical comparison or parity judgement tasks. In particular, on tasks presented in the auditory modality, the blind surprisingly show the same effect that appears in sighted persons, demonstrating that numbers are represented through a spatial code, i.e.

Electron density analysis on the protonation of nitriles.

The applicability of the resonance model to explain the evolution of electron density was tested for a set of 15 nitriles whose protonation processes were studied by means of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). The electron densities were obtained at the B3LYP/6-31++G**//B3LYP/6-31++G** and HF/6-31++G**//HF/6-31++G** levels. QTAIM atomic and bond properties do not follow the trends that should be expected according to the resonance model and our results are more in line with a H(+)-N[triple bond]C-R Lewis structure than with the H-N(+)[triple bond]C-R and H-N[triple bond]C(+)-R ones.