Cumulative incidence of first recurrence after curative treatment of stage I-III colorectal cancer. Competing risk analyses of temporal and anatomic patterns.

Background: Updated knowledge about the rates of recurrence and time to recurrence following curative treatment of colorectal cancer is essential to secure better patient information on prognosis, to serve as a premise in the discussion on adjuvant chemotherapy, and help to properly scale the intensity and length of follow-up.

Methods: This is a population-based study investigating aspects on first recurrence after radical treatment of clinical stages I-III of colorectal cancer in Central-Norway during 2001-2015. To reveal any time-trends, data were stratified by the time periods 2001-2005, 2006-2010 and 2011-2015.

Antibiotic treatment for appendicitis in Norway and Sweden: a nationwide survey on treatment practices.

Background: Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of acute abdomen. Uncomplicated appendicitis is as an inflamed appendix without perforation, gangrene or abscess formation. Recent trials show that one can safely treat uncomplicated appendicitis with antibiotics, given patient approval and appropriate follow-up.

Are labor pain and birth experience associated with persistent pain and postpartum depression? A prospective cohort study.

Background and aims A considerable research-literature focuses on pain during labor and associations with postpartum persistent pain and depression, with findings pointing in various directions. The aim of this study was to examine the role of labor pain and overall birth experience in the development of pain and depression 8 weeks after delivery. Methods The study sample was drawn from the Akershus Birth Cohort.

Designing the new generation of intelligent biocompatible carriers for protein and peptide delivery.

Therapeutic proteins and peptides have revolutionized treatment for a number of diseases, and the expected increase in macromolecule-based therapies brings a new set of challenges for the pharmaceutics field. Due to their poor stability, large molecular weight, and poor transport properties, therapeutic proteins and peptides are predominantly limited to parenteral administration. The short serum half-lives typically require frequent injections to maintain an effective dose, and patient compliance is a growing issue as therapeutic protein treatments become more widely available.

Using anchors from free text in electronic health records to diagnose postoperative delirium.

Objectives: Postoperative delirium is a common complication after major surgery among the elderly. Despite its potentially serious consequences, the complication often goes undetected and undiagnosed. In order to provide diagnosis support one could potentially exploit the information hidden in free text documents from electronic health records using data-driven clinical decision support tools.

Kinetic Modeling of ABCG2 Transporter Heterogeneity: A Quantitative, Single-Cell Analysis of the Side Population Assay.

The side population (SP) assay, a technique used in cancer and stem cell research, assesses the activity of ABC transporters on Hoechst staining in the presence and absence of transporter inhibition, identifying SP and non-SP cell (NSP) subpopulations by differential staining intensity. The interpretation of the assay is complicated because the transporter-mediated mechanisms fail to account for cell-to-cell variability within a population or adequately control the direct role of transporter activity on staining intensity. We hypothesized that differences in dye kinetics at the single-cell level, such as ABCG2 transporter-mediated efflux and DNA binding, are responsible for the differential cell staining that demarcates SP/NSP identity.

Calcium Dynamics of Ex Vivo Long-Term Cultured CD8+ T Cells Are Regulated by Changes in Redox Metabolism.

T cells reach a state of replicative senescence characterized by a decreased ability to proliferate and respond to foreign antigens. Calcium release associated with TCR engagement is widely used as a surrogate measure of T cell response. Using an ex vivo culture model that partially replicates features of organismal aging, we observe that while the amplitude of Ca2+ signaling does not change with time in culture, older T cells exhibit faster Ca2+ rise and a faster decay.

Dynamic Redox Regulation of IL-4 Signaling.

Quantifying the magnitude and dynamics of protein oxidation during cell signaling is technically challenging. Computational modeling provides tractable, quantitative methods to test hypotheses of redox mechanisms that may be simultaneously operative during signal transduction. The interleukin-4 (IL-4) pathway, which has previously been reported to induce reactive oxygen species and oxidation of PTP1B, may be controlled by several other putative mechanisms of redox regulation; widespread proteomic thiol oxidation observed via 2D redox differential gel electrophoresis upon IL-4 treatment suggests more than one redox-sensitive protein implicated in this pathway.

Incidence of urinary tract infection in patients with type 2 diabetes. Experience from adverse event reporting in clinical trials.

Purpose: Diabetes mellitus has long been widely considered to be associated with an increased risk of urinary tract infection (UTI), but information on incidence rates are scarce and risk factor data have been conflicting. The aim was to estimate UTI incidence and evaluate potential risk factors for UTI in patients with type 2 diabetes included in recent clinical trials.

Methods: Type 2 diabetes patients from 10 AstraZeneca phase III diabetes clinical trials (n=6016, mean 57.

Targeted Nanodelivery of Drugs and Diagnostics.

Nanomaterials for targeted delivery are uniquely capable of localizing delivery of therapeutics and diagnostics to diseased tissues. The ability to achieve high, local concentrations of drugs or image contrast agents at a target site provides the opportunity for improved system performance and patient outcomes along with reduced systemic dosing. In this review, the design of targeted nanodelivery systems is discussed with an emphasis on in vivo performance, the physicochemical properties that affect localization at the target site, and the incorporation of therapeutic drugs into these systems.

[Eating habits in children under 2 years old according to ethnic origin in a Barcelona urban area].

Introduction: The importance of the influence of diet in the first few years of life on child growth and development and its relationship with the prevention of chronic diseases in childhood and adulthood has recently been stressed. The aim of the present study was to determine the presence or absence of inappropriate feeding practices, defined as non-compliance with dietary recommendations, in children aged less than 2 years old through a survey.

Subjects And Methods: The parents of 462 children were administered a 14-item questionnaire on compliance with dietary recommendations to define nutritional risk.

[The accessibility of patients' personal physicians and quality of care of patients under home nursing care].

A study was carried out in the county of Vestfold in the spring of 1989 to establish the quality and quantity of the medical services for patients nursed at home. The study showed that doctors in rural districts provide better service than doctors in the towns. This difference is particularly noticeable in the case of patients who are acutely ill.

[The importance of cooperation in primary health care. Utilization of physicians' services and home nursing services during different degrees of cooperation].

A study carried out in the county of Vestfold in the spring of 1989 clearly showed how cooperation between doctor and nurse influenced the level and quality of care provided by doctors to patients nursed at home. Good cooperation coincided with high quality health services, and ensured rational use of resources in relation to the patients' needs. The study showed that the quality and frequency of cooperation between doctor and nurse are of utmost importance for the service given to the patients.