The Impact of Reduced Immunosuppression on Alloimmunity: A Retrospective Study of Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Background: Kidney transplantation is the best treatment for end-stage kidney disease but requires immunosuppressive medications, which have significant side effects. Many pediatric recipients experience these side effects, leading to dosage reductions, which potentially increase the risk of alloimmunity. We aimed to describe the alteration in immunosuppressive medication, explore the reasons for the reductions, and assess the potential impact on alloimmunity.

Association of HLA B- and T-cell molecular mismatches with HLA antibodies, rejection, and graft survival in pediatric kidney transplantation.

Background: Optimizing graft survival and diminishing human leukocyte antigen (HLA) sensitization are essential for pediatric kidney transplant recipients. More precise HLA matching predicting epitope mismatches could reduce alloreactivity. We investigated the association of predicted HLA B- and T-cell molecular mismatches with the formation of de novo donor-specific antibodies, HLA antibodies, rejection, and graft survival.

Exploration of complement split products in plasma and urine as biomarkers of kidney graft rejection.

Introduction: The complement system, consisting of more than thirty different soluble and cell-bound proteins, exerts essential functions both in the innate and adaptive immune systems and is believed to be an important contributor to allograft injury in kidney transplantation. The anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a are powerful chemoattractants, recruiting immune effector cells toward the site of complement activation and enhance T-cell response, while C3dg binding to CR2 on B-cells, enhances B-cell immunity at several stages of the B-cell differentiation. Complement split products in plasma and urine could reflect ongoing inflammation and tissue injury.

Dialysis for twins.

A 32-year-old woman with known stage-4 chronic kidney disease due to lupus nephritis presented with twin pregnancy after in vitro fertilization at a gestational age of 24 weeks + 3 days because of imminent preterm labour. Repeated ultrasound evaluations confirmed intrauterine growth restriction in both twins and polyhydramnios as the cause of imminent preterm labour. After initiation of haemodialysis treatment, ultrasound evaluation showed a significant decrease in amniotic fluids, and also reduction in blood urea nitrogen and in clinical complaints could be observed.

Insecticidal activity of two proteases against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae infected with recombinant baculoviruses.

Background: Baculovirus comprise the largest group of insect viruses most studied worldwide, mainly because they efficiently kill agricultural insect pests. In this study, two recombinant baculoviruses containing the ScathL gene from Sarcophaga peregrina (vSynScathL), and the Keratinase gene from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus (vSynKerat), were constructed, and their insecticidal properties analysed against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae.

Results: Bioassays of third-instar and neonate S.

Bowen disease and risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms: a population-based cohort study of 1147 patients.

Objective: To address the long-standing question of whether patients with Bowen disease are at increased risk of internal malignant neoplasms.

Patients: A total of 1147 Danish patients diagnosed between 1978 and 1993 as having Bowen disease at nongenital sites were followed up for 6463 person-years for cancer occurrence up to 16 years after the skin lesion.

Main Outcome Measure: Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs)--the ratios of observed-to-expected numbers of cancer--served as measures of relative risk.

[Risk factors for epidermoid carcinoma of the vulva].

There is mounting evidence that epidermoid carcinoma of the vulva may be divided into two aetiologically distinct categories. One category, that is closely linked to infection with high-risk types of human papillomaviruses, comprises malignancies whose histological picture is either basaloid or warty carcinoma. Another category, keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, has a much weaker association with human papillomaviruses and occurs mainly in elderly women.