Use of Adjuvanted Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine in Older-Age Adults: A Systematic Review of Economic Evidence.

Influenza vaccination is an important public health measure that can reduce disease burden, especially among older persons (those aged 65 and over) who have weaker immune systems. Evidence suggests enhanced vaccines, including adjuvanted quadrivalent vaccines (aQIV), may be particularly effective in this group. This study reports the results of a systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of aQIV in this population.

A cost-effectiveness analysis of a universal, preventative-focused, parent and infant programme.

Background: This study assessed whether a relatively newly developed Parent and Infant (PIN) parenting support programme was cost-effective when compared to services as usual (SAU).

Methods: The cost-effectiveness of the PIN programme versus SAU was assessed from an Irish health and social care perspective over a 24-month timeframe and within the context of a non-randomised, controlled before-and-after trial. In total, 163 parent-infant dyads were included in the study (86 intervention, 77 control).

Melanoma-related costs by disease stage and phase of management in Ireland.

Background: Management options for the treatment of melanoma have expanded in recent years. In an era of promising, but expensive novel pharmacological treatments, robust stage-specific melanoma-related cost estimates are necessary to support budgetary planning, evaluation of cost-effectiveness and to contribute to the investment case for prevention.

Methods: A detailed decision model, describing the melanoma care pathway (by disease stage) from diagnosis, through treatment and follow-up was developed over a 5-year time frame from the perspective of the Irish healthcare system.

An umbrella review of the effectiveness of fiscal and pricing policies on food and non-alcoholic beverages to improve health.

Poor quality diets represent major risk factors for the global burden of disease. Modeling studies indicate a potential for diet-related fiscal and pricing policies (FPs) to improve health. There is real-world evidence (RWE) that such policies can change behavior; however, the evidence regarding health is less clear.

An umbrella review of the acceptability of fiscal and pricing policies to reduce diet-related noncommunicable disease.

Context: Poor diet has been implicated in a range of noncommunicable diseases. Fiscal and pricing policies (FPs) may offer a means by which consumption of food and non-alcoholic beverages with links to such diseases can be influenced to improve public health.

Objective: To examine the acceptability of FPs to reduce diet-related noncommunicable disease, based on systematic review evidence.

Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy compared to SGLT2-inhibitors and usual care in treating diabetic kidney disease: A cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background And Objectives: To simulate the cost-effectiveness of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell (MSC) therapy compared to sodium/glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) or usual care (UC) in treating patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD).

Design, Setting, Participants, And Measurements: This Markov-chain Monte Carlo model adopted a societal perspective and simulated 10,000 patients with DKD eligible for MSC therapy alongside UC using a lifetime horizon. This cohort was compared with an SGLT2i alongside UC arm and a UC only arm.

A Review to Populate A Proposed Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Glaucoma Screening in Sub-Saharan Africa.

To populate a proposed cost-effectiveness analysis of glaucoma screening in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).A complete search was conducted on PubMed, Medline and African Journals Online (AJOL) to obtain relevant published articles, which were included in this review. All relevant articles on prevalence of glaucoma in SSA and among other African-derived populations, severity of glaucoma, cost of diagnosis and management, clinical effectiveness of glaucoma screening and treatment and the different glaucoma screening strategies in SSA were reviewed.

Does the use of patient decision aids lead to cost savings? a systematic review.

Objectives: To update a previous systematic review to determine if patient decision aid (PDA) interventions generate savings in healthcare settings, and if so, from which perspective (ie, patient, organisation providing care, society).

Design: Systematic review.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Campbell Collaboration Library, EconLit, Business Source Complete, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination: NHS Economic Evaluations Database (NHS EED), Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE) and Health Technology Assessment (HTA) from 15 March 2013 to 25 January 2019.

Hearing loss, mental well-being and healthcare use: results from the Health Survey for England (HSE).

Background: Hearing loss (HL) affects an estimated 17% of adults in Britain, 19% in Canada and 16% in the USA. Evidence points to the impact of HL on aspects of physical and mental health as well as autonomy, cognition, memory and social isolation. This suggests the relationship between HL and service use may arise indirectly as well as directly, an issue that warrants investigation.

Public perceptions of coronary events risk factors: a discrete choice experiment.

Objectives: To assess public perceptions of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors.

Design: Discrete choice experiment questionnaire.

Setting: Six provincial centres in Northern Ireland.

Cost-utility analysis of a pharmacy-led self-management programme for patients with COPD.

Objective: To undertake a cost-utility analysis (CUA) of a pharmacy-led self-management programme for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Setting: A single outpatient COPD clinic at the Mater Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland between.

Method: CUA alongside a randomised control trial.

A cluster randomized controlled trial of an adapted U.S. model of pharmaceutical care for nursing home residents in Northern Ireland (Fleetwood Northern Ireland study): a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an adapted U.S. model of pharmaceutical care to improve psychoactive prescribing for nursing home residents in Northern Ireland (Fleetwood NI Study).

'We're just not getting it right'--how should we provide care to the older person with multi-morbid chronic conditions?

Aims And Objectives: The aim was to review available literature on research and service evaluation evidence of nurse-led case management services targeting older people with multiple chronic conditions in their own homes. This was anticipated to highlight important issues for nursing practice, healthcare policy, service provision and health service research.

Background: Enhanced roles for nurses have developed in response to demands for increased efficiency in the provision of healthcare especially in the area of chronic disease management.

Coronary heart disease: health knowledge and behaviour.

Objective: To determine the current level of knowledge and understanding of CHD in the general public in Northern Ireland and to identify factors that are associated with higher knowledge levels.

Setting: Six provincial centres in Northern Ireland.

Methods: The data in the present study were collected using an interview administered questionnaire.

Cost description of inpatient treatment for ankle fracture.

Background: The study estimated the hospital costs associated with the surgical fixation of ankle fractures by either open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) or external fixation.

Method: A retrospective review of the clinical records of all 264 patients admitted with an ankle fracture requiring surgical stabilisation between 1 March 2007 and 29 February 2008. Patient records were examined for a minimum of 6 months after primary admission.

Remote diagnosis of congenital heart disease: the impact of telemedicine.

Objectives: To determine the accuracy of remote diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) by real-time transmission of echocardiographic images via integrated services digital network (ISDN) lines, to assess the impact on patient management and examine cost implications.

Design: Prospective comparison of echocardiograms on infants with suspected significant CHD performed as follows: (1) hands-on evaluation and echocardiogram by a paediatrician at a district general hospital (DGH) followed by (2) transmission of the echocardiogram via ISDN 6 with guidance from a paediatric cardiologist and finally (3) hands-on evaluation and echocardiogram by a paediatric cardiologist. The economic analysis compares the cost of patient care associated with the telemedicine service with a hypothetical control group.

Provision of domiciliary dental care in North and West Belfast.

Aim: To determine the level of domiciliary care currently provided for patients by general dental practitioners (GDPs) and to investigate factors that influence the provision of domiciliary dental care in an area of high socioeconomic deprivation in North and West Belfast.

Method: A descriptive study, involving a self-administered postal questionnaire sent to GDPs (n=89) in North and West Belfast.

Results: A valid response rate of 67% was achieved.

Pharmaceutical care programmes for the elderly: economic issues.

Pharmaceutical care is defined as the responsible provision of drug therapy for the purpose of achieving definite outcomes that improve a patient's quality of life. It describes the process through which a pharmacist collaborates with a patient and with healthcare professionals in designing, implementing and monitoring a therapeutic plan that will produce specific, desirable therapeutic outcomes for the patient. The elderly are a patient population who could particularly benefit from pharmaceutical care provision as they are at greater risk of experiencing significant drug-related problems such as inappropriate prescribing, noncompliance with prescribed medication and adverse drug reactions/interactions leading to a decrease in health-related quality of life.