Parental decision regret among Australian parents after consenting to or refusing hypospadias repair for their son: Results of a survey with controls.

Introduction: Parental decision regret in hypospadias surgery is a recognised source of long-lasting psycho-social morbidity. High parental decision regret after their child's hypospadias repair is reported. The aim of this study is to report on decision regret in Australian parents, who accepted and declined surgery for their son and explore underlying factors for decision-making, satisfaction, and regret.

Practice variation on use of antibiotics: An international survey among pediatric urologists.

Introduction And Background: Although there is abundance in literature focusing on the use of prophylactic antibiotics for adult urological procedures, the evidence for using antibiotics following common pediatric urological procedures is limited with no specific guidelines for use. Consequently, current practices on antibiotic usage for common interventions may be variable among practicing pediatric urologists, lacking evidence-based support.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the current practice pattern on antibiotic usage for common interventions amongst pediatric urologists (PU) practicing in four English-speaking sectors of the world.

Prolonged urinary retention can and does occur after any type of ureteral reimplantantion.

Objective: Transient urinary retention has been recognized as a complication of bilateral ureteroneocystostomy (UNC), when performed extravesically. The objective of this study was to review a collective surgeons' experiences of unilateral extra- and unilateral and/or bilateral intra-vesical ureteral reimplanation, where urinary retention greater than 6 weeks, or what we have termed, "prolonged urinary retention" (PUR), occurred.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed charts to identify PUR after any open or robotic reimplant, other than bilateral extravesical, between 1998 and 2015 as reported by five surgeons.

Early mercaptoacetyltriglycine(MAG-3) diuretic renography results after pyeloplasty.

Objective: To describe the drainage and functional outcome of paediatric pyeloplasty, 1 week after stent removal 7-9 weeks after pyeloplasty using diuretic renography.

Patients And Methods: Between 2009 and 2014, we assessed the functional and drainage outcomes according to mercaptoacetyltriglycine MAG-3 diuretic renograms from 66 children (69 kidneys) who underwent modified dismembered Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty for pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction. Stents were left in place for 6-8 weeks and postoperative renal units were evaluated with MAG-3 renogram 1 week after stent removal.

Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty: are we all really on the same page?

Background: The Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty (AHP) is a surgical technique used in the management of pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction. This operation has been performed for over six decades and has etched its name in the annals of urology. But are we all really referring to the same procedure?

Methods: A systematic review of the Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Ovid OLDMEDLINE(R) database from 1946 to 20 June 2014 was performed for the terms 'Anderson and Hynes' and 'Anderson-Hynes', with later restriction to the title of journal article.

Uncommon causes of anterior urethral diverticula in children: Two cases and review of literature.

Anterior urethral diverticula are rare in children. Anterior urethral valves and associated diverticulum is the commonly discussed pathological entity in children. There is a lack of awareness among clinicians regarding less common presentations of anterior urethral diverticula in children; which can have a diverse involvement of the urinary tract.

Antibiotic prophylaxis for transurethral urological surgeries: Systematic review.

The use of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent urinary tract infection and bacteremia (sepsis) following endoscopic urologic procedures is a controversial topic. Evidence in the literature revealed that urological instrumentation is associated with increased incidence of urinary tract infection and bacteremia. The aim of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the risk of urinary tract infection in patients who had transurethral urological surgeries.

Ambulatory urodynamic studies (UDS) in children using a Bluetooth-enabled device.

Objectives: • To report the early observations of using ambulatory urodynamic studies (UDS) using a Bluetooth-enabled device in children • To evaluate the incremental value of ambulatory over conventional UDS.

Patients And Methods: • Ambulatory UDS were performed in selected children with voiding dysfunction between August 2009 and October 2010. • Conventional UDS were concurrently performed wherever possible.

Management of daytime urinary incontinence and lower urinary tract symptoms in children.

Lower urinary tract symptoms, particularly urgency, frequency and incontinence are common in school-aged children but are often overlooked. They may cause considerable physical, social and psychological difficulties to children and their families, and usually are manifestations of underlying non-neurogenic voiding disorders. The differential diagnoses include overactive bladder syndrome, dysfunctional voiding and vaginal reflux as well as less common conditions like giggle incontinence, voiding postponement, pollakiuria and diabetes insipidus.

Factors influencing quality of life in children with urinary incontinence.

Purpose: We evaluated quality of life in children with urinary incontinence using a disease specific tool (Pediatric Incontinence Questionnaire) and determined factors that decrease quality of life in affected children.

Materials And Methods: The Pediatric Incontinence Questionnaire was self-administered by children 6 to16 years old with urinary incontinence while attending outpatient clinics at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Australia between October 2009 and May 2010. A weighted summative quality of life score with a range of 1.

Testicular microlithiasis: the importance of self-examination.

Aim:   To explore the issue of appropriate management of testicular microlithiasis. We report the third ever case of tumour arising from a testis previously known to have microlithiasis in childhood and review the literature to provide an evidence-based approach to management of testicular microlithiasis.

Methods:   Case report and review of previous literature.

High grade primary vesicoureteral reflux in boys: long-term results of a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: We evaluated the incidence of new permanent defects in boys with grade 4 or 5 vesicoureteral reflux, identified the risk factors for new permanent defects and reviewed the outcome of different management approaches by assessing the rates of urinary tract infection and new permanent defects.

Materials And Methods: This prospective cohort study recruited patients from July 1995 to December 2006. Study inclusion criteria were male gender and grade 4 or 5 primary vesicoureteral reflux.

Study of botulinum toxin A in neurogenic bladder due to spina bifida in children.

Background: We report results of a pilot study investigating the safety and efficacy of Botulinum A toxin on urinary incontinence and bladder function in children with neurogenic bladder.

Methods: This was a prospective, non-randomized clinical trial. Seven children with median age of 16 years with spina bifida who had high storage pressures, poor bladder compliance and had failed treatment with anticholinergic medications were offered a single intra-detrusor injection of Botulinum A toxin.

Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in duplex kidneys.

Objective: To report our experience of 11 children with pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) in a duplex kidney and to review previous reports.

Patients And Methods: From 1995 to 2005 the second author (G.H.

EEC syndrome, Arg227Gln TP63 mutation and micturition difficulties: Is there a genotype-phenotype correlation?

We report on two unrelated families with EEC syndrome (ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip/palate), each with an Arg227Gln TP63 gene mutation, where the phenotype overlapped extensively with the allelic disorder, limb-mammary syndrome (LMS). Features common to both families were an ectodermal dysplasia principally affecting tooth, breast and nipple development, dacryostenosis and severe micturition difficulties. Additional findings included post-axial digital hypoplasia, cleft uvula, anal stenosis, hypoplasia of the perineal body and biopsy-proven interstitial cystitis.

Spontaneous resolution of vesicoureteral reflux: a 15-year perspective.

Purpose: The spontaneous resolution rate of vesicoureteral reflux is helpful for determining the need for surgical intervention and the proper followup schedule in patients on antibiotic prophylaxis. We determined the resolution rate by patient rather than by ureter and analyzed the effects of laterality, gender, age and dysfunctional voiding.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 179 girls and 35 boys who presented between 1981 and 1984 with urinary tract infection and were diagnosed with primary vesicoureteral reflux.