Single-Cell Heterogeneity of EGFR Pathway Is Linked to Unique Signatures of Drug Response and Malignancy in Patient Derived Glioblastoma Stem Cells.

Purpose: In glioblastoma, the therapeutically intractable and resistant phenotypes can be derived from glioma stem cells, which often have different underlying mechanisms from non-stem glioma cells. Aberrant signaling across the EGFR-PTEN-AKT-mTOR pathways have been shown as common drivers of glioblastoma. Revealing the inter and intra-cellular heterogeneity within glioma stem cell populations in relations to signaling patterns through these pathways may be key to precision diagnostic and therapeutic targeting of these cells.

Biomarkers.

Background: The hippocampus is a key site of atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and MRI derived estimates of hippocampal volume have been shown to be a robust biomarker of AD-related neurodegeneration. However, its application at the individual level is limited by the lack of reference standards from large normative datasets that can be applied across a wide range of settings. We aimed to investigate the utility of hippocampal volume centile scores adjusted for age, sex and total intracranial volume (TIV) derived from a normative data from 101,457 participants across the life course, as a biomarker of neurodegeneration in AD.

Increased resilience and a regime shift reversal through repeat mass coral bleaching.

Ecosystems are substantially changing in response to ongoing climate change. For example, coral reefs have declined in coral dominance, with some reefs undergoing regime shifts to non-coral states. However, reef responses may vary through multiple heat stress events, with the rarity of long-term ecological datasets rendering such understanding uncertain.

Localized inflammation in dengue vaccine-induced skin rash is not associated with continuous presence of dengue virus genome.

Vaccination with the tetravalent live attenuated dengue virus (DENV) vaccines TV003 and TV005 causes a mild, relatively localized erythematous maculopapular skin rash in most dengue-naïve vaccinees. Human challenge model DENV strains, DENV2Δ30 and DENV3Δ30, trigger a confluent skin rash over most of the body in most unvaccinated participants. To determine the etiology of these rashes we performed in situ hybridization for DENV genome and assessed cellular infiltration by hematoxylin/eosin staining in skin biopsies from humans infected with live attenuated dengue vaccine DENV2Δ30 or DENV3Δ30 challenge strains.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at low concentration improve coagulation efficiency but induce higher membrane fouling in drinking water treatment.

The presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in surface water has been widely reported in recent years. Many techniques, e.g.

B cell receptor dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection.

Dengue virus (DENV) is the causative agent of dengue, a mosquito-borne disease that represents a significant and growing public health burden around the world. A unique pathophysiological feature of dengue is immune-mediated enhancement, wherein preexisting immunity elicited by a primary infection can enhance the severity of a subsequent infection by a heterologous DENV serotype. A leading mechanistic explanation for this phenomenon is antibody dependent enhancement (ADE), where sub-neutralizing concentrations of DENV-specific IgG antibodies facilitate entry of DENV into FcγR expressing cells such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells.

Three-dimensional characterization of sex differences in abdominal aortic aneurysm progression via vascular deformation mapping.

Although abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are more common in men, women are at greater risk for AAA growth/rupture. Vascular deformation mapping (VDM) utilizes deformable image registration to qualify and quantify 3D-AAA growth using computed tomography angiograms (CTA). In this study we leveraged VDM to investigate sex differences in AAA growth patterns.

Dynamic prediction of pregnancy outcome after previous stillbirth or perinatal death: pilot study to establish proof-of-concept and explore method feasibility.

Objective: To establish proof-of-concept for the dynamic prediction of adverse pregnancy outcome in women with a history of stillbirth or perinatal death, repeatedly throughout the pregnancy.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of women in a subsequent pregnancy following previous perinatal loss, who received antenatal care at a tertiary hospital between January 2014 and December 2017, was used as the basis for exploratory prognostic model development. Models were developed to repeatedly predict a composite adverse outcome (stillbirth or neonatal death, 5-min Apgar score < 7, umbilical artery pH ≤ 7.

Predicting the impact of underwater skimming on dissolved oxygen consumption in slow sand filters for potable water treatment.

In a well-functioning slow sand filter (SSF), dissolved oxygen (DO) is crucial for enabling aerobic processes and microbiota growth. Given that DO supply is predominantly via the feed water, flow pauses (e.g.

Protection efforts have resulted in ~10% of existing fish biomass on coral reefs.

The amount of ocean protected from fishing and other human impacts has often been used as a metric of conservation progress. However, protection efforts have highly variable outcomes that depend on local conditions, which makes it difficult to quantify what coral reef protection efforts to date have actually achieved at a global scale. Here, we develop a predictive model of how local conditions influence conservation outcomes on ~2,600 coral reef sites across 44 ecoregions, which we used to quantify how much more fish biomass there is on coral reefs compared to a modeled scenario with no protection.

Managing nutrition-biodiversity trade-offs on coral reefs.

Coral reefs support an incredible abundance and diversity of fish species, with reef-associated fisheries providing important sources of income, food, and dietary micronutrients to millions of people across the tropics. However, the rapid degradation of the world's coral reefs and the decline in their biodiversity may limit their capacity to supply nutritious and affordable seafood while meeting conservation goals for sustainability. Here, we conduct a global-scale analysis of how the nutritional quality of reef fish assemblages (nutritional contribution to the recommended daily intake of calcium, iron, and zinc contained in an average 100 g fish on the reef) relates to key environmental, socioeconomic, and ecological conditions, including two key metrics of fish biodiversity.

An Ultrasensitive Molecularly Imprinted Point-Of-Care Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein.

Accurate assessment of neurological disease through monitoring of biomarkers has been made possible using the antibody-based assays. But these assays suffer from expensive development of antibody probes, reliance on complicated equipments, and high maintenance costs. Here, using the novel reduced graphene oxide/polydopamine-molecularly imprinted polymer (rGO/PDA-MIP) as the probe layer, a robust electrochemical sensing platform is demonstrated for the ultrasensitive detection of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a biomarker for a range of neurological diseases.

Planning for implementation success: insights from conducting an implementation needs assessment.

Aim: The aim of this paper is to provide insights into conducting an implementation needs assessment using a case example in a less-research-intensive setting.

Design And Methods: In the case example, an implementation needs assessment was conducted, including1 an environmental scan of the organization's website and preliminary discussions with key informants to learn about the implementation context, and2 a formal analysis of the evidence-practice gap (use of sedation interruptions) deploying a chart audit methodology using legal electronic reports.

Results: Our needs assessment was conducted over 5 months and demonstrated how environmental scans reveal valuable information that can inform the evidence-practice gap analysis.

Building a new environmentalism: News media access and framing in Canada's environmental movement.

This study provides a content and frame analysis of the news media advocacy of prominent environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) in Canada. We find that these organizations have an important voice in shaping how climate change is framed in news media, but that ecological modernization frames and narratives, which avoid issues of power, conflict, and social-transformative change, are dominant. Core elements of this discourse are contested, however, as some ENGOs oppose the fossil sector, critique the shortcomings of proffered (technological) climate solutions, and call for muscular interventions aimed at energy transition.

Do risk-prone behaviours compromise reproduction and increase vulnerability of fish aggregations exposed to fishing?

Human disturbances can prompt natural anti-predator behaviours in animals, affecting how energy is traded off between immediate survival and reproduction. In our study of male squaretail groupers () in India's Lakshadweep archipelago, we investigated the impact of fishing pressure on anti-predatory responses and reproductive behaviours by comparing a fished and unfished spawning aggregation site and tracking responses over time at the fished site. Using observational sampling and predator exposure experiments, we analysed fear responses (flight initiation distance, return time), as well as time spent in vigilance, courtship and territorial defence.

Cultural Adaptation of an Educator Social-Emotional Learning Program to Support Indigenous Students.

Supporting Indigenous students' social-emotional learning (SEL) is important given the systemic impact of colonialism that has contributed to their higher mental health and academic disparities compared to White students. One way to promote SEL is through professional development for educators, yet there has been little research on the development of SEL programs that are culturally responsive to Indigenous people and contexts. The purpose of this study is to highlight the of culturally adapting a social-emotional program, (ENGAGE), for educators at a school located in a tribal nation in the Rocky Mountain region.

Exploring the influence of aquatic phosphate on Fe floc dynamics in water treatment.

The formation of flocs is crucial in the coagulation process of water treatment. However, the nature of ligand exchange on the surface of primary nanoparticles (PNPs) during floc formation requires further investigation to enhance our understanding of the coagulation mechanism. Phosphate (P) is a ubiquitous nutrient ion in aquatic surface water, in this study, the impact of P on floc growth under different pH conditions were investigated.