Canadian Women in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery part 1: the relationship of gender identity to career trajectory and experiences of harassment.

Introduction: Women in surgical specialties face different challenges than their male peers. However, there is a paucity of literature exploring these challenges and their effects on a Canadian surgeon's career.

Methods: A REDCap® survey was distributed to Canadian Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) staff and residents in March 2021 using the national society listserv and social media.

Deep learning delay coordinate dynamics for chaotic attractors from partial observable data.

A common problem in time-series analysis is to predict dynamics with only scalar or partial observations of the underlying dynamical system. For data on a smooth compact manifold, Takens' theorem proves a time-delayed embedding of the partial state is diffeomorphic to the attractor, although for chaotic and highly nonlinear systems, learning these delay coordinate mappings is challenging. We utilize deep artificial neural networks (ANNs) to learn discrete time maps and continuous time flows of the partial state.

Integrating Civic Engagement Into a Lifestyle Intervention for Rural Women - A Mixed Methods Process Evaluation.

Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the implementation of a civic engagement curriculum (HEART Club) designed to catalyze positive environmental change in rural communities.

Design: The HEART Club curriculum was integrated into a six-month community-based health behavior intervention to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.

Setting: Participants were recruited from eight rural towns in Montana and New York.

Effectiveness of an Over-the-Counter Self-fitting Hearing Aid Compared With an Audiologist-Fitted Hearing Aid: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Hearing loss is a highly prevalent condition, with numerous debilitating consequences when left untreated. However, less than 20% of US adults with hearing loss use hearing aids. Over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids became available in October 2022 to improve access and affordability.

Relationship Between Quadriceps Strength and Knee Joint Power During Jumping After ACLR.

Background: Knee joint power is significantly impaired during the propulsive phase of jumping after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR); however, it is currently unknown how quadriceps strength influences knee joint power.

Purpose: To (1) evaluate the relationship between quadriceps strength, joint power, and the percentage contribution of the hip, knee, and ankle joints to total limb power during the propulsive phase of jumping and (2) establish a quadriceps strength cutoff value for maximizing the likelihood of having knee joint power characteristics similar to healthy participants.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

An Innovative Well-Child Video Project to Teach Developmental Surveillance and Anticipatory Guidance.

Background: Learning to implement developmental surveillance and anticipatory guidance are critical components of clinical nursing education.

Method: The purpose of the Well-Child Video Project was to provide nursing students opportunities to develop confidence in providing early childhood health supervision. The faculty team curated more than 100 video clips of children age 0 to 6 years demonstrating key developmental milestones.

Estradiol-mediated protection against high-fat diet induced anxiety and obesity is associated with changes in the gut microbiota in female mice.

Decreased estrogens during menopause are associated with increased risk of anxiety, depression, type 2 diabetes and obesity. Similarly, depleting estrogens in rodents by ovariectomy, combined with a high-fat diet (HFD), increases anxiety and adiposity. How estrogens and diet interact to affect anxiety and metabolism is poorly understood.

The promise of metabolic imaging in diffuse midline glioma.

Recent insights into histopathological and molecular subgroups of glioma have revolutionized the field of neuro-oncology by refining diagnostic categories. An emblematic example in pediatric neuro-oncology is the newly defined diffuse midline glioma (DMG), H3 K27-altered. DMG represents a rare tumor with a dismal prognosis.

The Effect of the Rate of Increase of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Bone Mineral Density Accrual in Young Patients with Turner Syndrome.

Background: Turner syndrome (TS) is caused by partial/complete X-chromosome monosomy with variable phenotypes, characterized by hypogonadism and short stature. To achieve pubertal changes, up to 50%-79% of patients with TS require estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), and 80% have low bone mineral density (BMD). Studies show that pubertal delays are associated with decreased BMD.

Preferences of Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease for Invasive Versus Conservative Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

Background Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) can experience acute coronary syndromes (ACS) with high morbidity and mortality. Early invasive management of ACS is recommended for most high-risk patients; however, choosing between an early invasive versus conservative management approach may be influenced by the unique risk of kidney failure for patients with CKD. Methods and Results This discrete choice experiment measured the preferences of patients with CKD for future cardiovascular events versus acute kidney injury and kidney failure following invasive heart procedures for ACS.

Comparing Hearing Aid Outcomes in Adults Using Over-the-Counter and Hearing Care Professional Service Delivery Models.

Purpose: More affordable hearing aids are now available due to over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aid regulations. Although laboratory studies have validated many OTC hearing technologies, there are limited real-world benefit studies. This study compared hearing aid outcomes reported by clients from OTC and conventional hearing care professional (HCP) service delivery models.

Prevalence of Barmah Forest Virus, Chikungunya Virus and Ross River Virus Antibodies among Papua New Guinea Military Personnel before 2019.

Barmah Forest virus (BFV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Ross River virus (RRV) belong to the genus of the family All three virus infections have been reported in Papua New Guinea (PNG) previously, but the exact prevalence and distribution of these three alphaviruses in PNG has not been established. Sera collected from 204 PNG Military Personnel (PNGMP) study participants in April 2019 was tested for the presence of anti-BFV, anti-CHIKV and anti-RRV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) IgG detection kits, as well as for specific neutralizing antibodies (NAb) against individual viruses. Overall, sero-positivity of the sera was anti-BFV IgG 12.

Self-reported Vocal Demands, Perceptions, and Knowledge of Occupational Voice Users in South Africa.

Objectives: The study aimed to describe daily vocal demands, perceptions and knowledge as reported by occupational voice users.

Study Design: A descriptive, cross-sectional research design was employed.

Methods: A survey on vocal demands, perceptions and knowledge was distributed to 102 occupational voice users via a snowball sampling technique.

Sexual mixing patterns in men who have sex with men: network approaches for smart resource allocation.

Background: Age-based sexual mixing patterns in men who have sex with men (MSM) can greatly inform strategic allocation of intervention resources to subsets of the population for the purpose of preventing the greatest number of new HIV infections.

Methods: Egocentric network data collected from MSM participating in annual HIV sentinel surveillance surveys were used to assess age-dependent mixing and to explore its epidemiological implications on the risk of HIV transmission risk (among those HIV-infected) and HIV acquisition risk (among those not infected).

Results: Mixing in this sample of 1605 Chinese MSM is relatively age assortative (the average of values expressing the degree of preferential mixing were 2.

The Complexity of Interferon Signaling in Host Defense against Protozoan Parasite Infection.

Protozoan parasites, such as , , , , and , are causative agents of health-threatening diseases in both humans and animals, leading to significant health risks and socioeconomic losses globally. The development of effective therapeutic and prevention strategies for protozoan-caused diseases requires a full understanding of the pathogenesis and protective events occurring in infected hosts. Interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines with diverse biological effects in host antimicrobial defense and disease pathogenesis, including protozoan parasite infection.

Employees Working from Home: Do Leadership Factors Influence Work-Related Stress and Musculoskeletal Pain?

Unlabelled: In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a rapid public health response, which included mandatory working from home (WFH) for many employees. However, given the rapid change from traditional ways of working, evidence is limited on the role of leaders, managers, and supervisors in supporting their employees' physical and mental health whilst WFH. The study aimed to examine the impact of leaders through their management of psychosocial working conditions on employees' stress and musculoskeletal pain (MSP) levels whilst WFH.

Multi-Frequency Electrocochleography and Electrode Scan to Identify Electrode Insertion Trauma during Cochlear Implantation.

Intraoperative electrocochleography (ECOG) is performed using a single low-frequency acoustic stimulus (e.g., 500 Hz) to monitor cochlear microphonics (CM) during cochlear implant (CI) electrode insertion.

Multiplexing AAV Serotype-Specific Neutralizing Antibodies in Preclinical Animal Models and Humans.

The accurate assessment of AAV-specific pre-existing humoral immunity due to natural viral infection is critical for the efficient use of clinical gene therapy. The method described in the present study applies equivalent infection conditions to each AAV serotype (AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, and AAVAnc80L65). In the current study, we validated the assay by assessing AAV-neutralizing antibody titers in a limited cohort of random human donors and well-established preclinical large animal models, including dogs and non-human primates (NHPs).