Continuous Glucose Monitoring by Insulin-Treated Pilots Flying Commercial Aircraft Within the ARA.MED.330 Diabetes Protocol: A Preliminary Feasibility Study.

A preliminary study compared the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with the use of self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) by aircraft pilots with insulin-treated diabetes in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Austria, certified to fly commercial aircraft within the European Aviation Safety Agency ARA.MED.330 protocol.

Blood glucose monitoring by insulin-treated pilots of commercial and private aircraft: An analysis of out-of-range values.

Aim: To examine blood glucose measurements recorded as part of the diabetes protocol operated by the UK, Ireland and Austria, which allows commercial airline pilots with insulin-treated diabetes to fly.

Methods: An observational study was conducted in pilots with insulin-treated diabetes, granted medical certification to fly commercial or noncommercial aircraft, who recorded pre-flight and hourly in-flight blood glucose measurements. These values were correlated to a traffic light system (green 5.

Pilots flying with insulin-treated diabetes.

People with diabetes treated with insulin have often faced blanket bans from safety-critical occupations, largely because of fear of incapacitation due to hypoglycaemia. Recent advances in insulin therapies, modes of administration, monitoring, and noninvasive monitoring techniques have allowed stereotypical views to be challenged. The aviation sector has led the way, in allowing pilots to fly while on insulin.

Prevalence of admission plasma glucose in 'diabetes' or 'at risk' ranges in hospital emergencies with no prior diagnosis of diabetes by gender, age and ethnicity.

Aims: To establish the prevalence of admission plasma glucose in 'diabetes' and 'at risk' ranges in emergency hospital admissions with no prior diagnosis of diabetes; characteristics of people with hyperglycaemia; and factors influencing glucose measurement.

Methods: Electronic patient records for 113 097 hospital admissions over 1 year from 2014 to 2015 included 43 201 emergencies with glucose available for 31 927 (74%) admissions, comprising 22 045 people. Data are presented for 18 965 people with no prior diagnosis of diabetes and glucose available on first attendance.

An Evaluation of the Safety of Pilots With Insulin-Treated Diabetes in Europe Flying Commercial and Noncommercial Aircraft.

Objective: The risk of hypoglycemia in people with insulin-treated diabetes has debarred them from certain "safety-critical" occupations, including flying commercial aircraft. This report evaluates the effectiveness of a protocol enabling a large cohort of insulin-treated pilots to fly commercially.

Research Design And Methods: This was an observational study of pilots with insulin-treated diabetes who were granted medical certification to fly commercial and noncommercial aircraft.

Can HbA1c detect undiagnosed diabetes in acute medical hospital admissions?

Objective: To study hyperglycaemia in acute medical admissions to Irish regional hospital.

Research Design And Methods: From 2005 to 2007, 2061 white Caucasians, aged >18 years, were admitted by 1/7 physicians. Those with diabetes symptoms/complications but no previous record of hyperglycaemia (n=390), underwent OGTT with concurrent HbA1c in representative subgroup (n=148).

Timing of access to secondary healthcare services and lower extremity amputations in patients with diabetes: a case-control study.

Objective: To investigate the association between timing of patient access to secondary healthcare services for diabetes management and lower extremity amputation (LEA) among patients with diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: A case-control study was conducted in the secondary healthcare system in Ireland. Cases were 116 patients with diabetes who underwent a first major non-traumatic LEA between 2006 and 2012.

Two cases of Klinefelter's syndrome diagnosed at a sexually transmitted infection clinic.

Klinefelter's syndrome is an important genetic cause of infertility in males. Two cases are described, which were picked up at the sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic because of the finding of unusually small testes. Physicians at STI clinics are uniquely placed to detect this condition as they examine the genitalia of thousands of healthy young men each year as part of a sexual health check up.

Different regulated expression of the tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins IA-2 and phogrin by glucose and insulin in pancreatic islets: relationship to development of insulin secretory responses in early life.

IA-2 and phogrin are tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins that may mediate interactions between secretory granules and cytoskeleton in islets and neuroendocrine tissues. We investigated factors that regulate IA-2 and phogrin expression and their relationship to maturation of insulin secretory responses that occur after birth. Islet content of IA-2, but not phogrin, increased during the first 10 days of life in rats, when insulin secretion in response to glucose increased to adult levels.