Syndesmosis injuries in professional rugby players: associated injuries and complications can lead to an unpredictable time to return to play.

Objectives: Syndesmosis injuries are common and increasing in contact sports with a marked impact on players and teams alike. They can result in an unpredictable and often prolonged return to pre-injury level. We aim to evaluate the time to return to play (RTP) after syndesmosis injuries in professional male rugby players.

Surgical hip dislocation for removal of retained intra-articular bullets.

Introduction: Surgical hip dislocation with trochanteric osteotomy was introduced for the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement and other intra-articular pathologies of the hip. We expanded the indications to include removal of retained bullets in the hip joint as an alternative to hip arthroscopy.

Patients And Methods: We present a prospective case series of ten patients that were treated with a surgical hip dislocation for removal of retained bullets in the hip joint between January 2014 and October 2015 in a Level 1 trauma centre.

Stable Versus Unstable Grade II High Ankle Sprains: A Prospective Study Predicting the Need for Surgical Stabilization and Time to Return to Sports.

Purpose: To investigate grade II syndesmosis injuries in athletes and identify factors important in differentiating stable from dynamically unstable ankle sprains and those associated with a longer time to return to sports.

Methods: Sixty-four athletes with an isolated syndesmosis injury (without fracture) were prospectively assessed, with a mean follow-up period of 37 months (range, 24 to 66 months). Those with an associated deltoid ligament injury or osteochondral lesion were included.

Return to sport following acute lateral ligament repair of the ankle in professional athletes.

Purpose: Recent literature supports early reconstruction of severe acute lateral ligament injuries in professional athletes, suggesting earlier rehabilitation and reduced recurrent instability incidence. Not previously reported, predicting the time to return to training and play is important to both athlete and club. We evaluate the effectiveness and complications of lateral ligament reconstruction in professional athletes.

Stress fractures of the tibia and medial malleolus.

Tibial diaphyseal stress fractures are rare in the general population, but are more frequently seen in the athletic and military communities. The diagnosis of this problem may be problematic and needs to be considered in all athletes and military recruits who present with shin or ankle pain. The female triad in athletes (low-energy availability/disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis/osteopenia) should be considered in those women who sustain this injury.

Managing the cystic osteochondral defect: allograft or autograft.

Osteochondral lesions of the talus are generally benign, and many heal or are not symptomatic. A subset of these defects progress to large cystic lesions, which have a less favorable prognosis. The treatment options are joint preservation or sacrifice.

Talus osteochondral bruises and defects: diagnosis and differentiation.

Acute bone bruises of the talus after ankle injury need to be managed differently from osteochondral defects. Bone bruises have a benign course, but there may be persistent edema. A bone bruise should not delay rehabilitation unless symptoms persist or significant edema is close to the subchondral plate.

Management of acute lateral ankle ligament injury in the athlete.

Purpose: Inversion injuries involve about 25 % of all injuries of the musculoskeletal system and about 50 % of these injuries are sport-related. This article reviews the acute lateral ankle injuries with special emphasis on a rationale for treatment of these injuries in athletes.

Methods: A narrative review was performed using Pubmed/Medline, Ovid and Embase using key words: ankle ligaments, injury, lateral ligament, ankle sprain and athlete.

Syndesmosis and deltoid ligament injuries in the athlete.

Purpose: Injury to the syndesmosis and deltoid ligament is less common than lateral ligament trauma but can lead to significant time away from sport and prolonged rehabilitation. This literature review will discuss both syndesmotic and deltoid ligament injuries without fracture in the professional athlete.

Methods: A narrative review was performed using PUBMED, OVID, MEDLINE and EMBASE using the key words syndesmosis, injury, deltoid, ankle ligaments, and athlete.