Type D personality and acceptance of illness in people with inflammatory bowel diseases. Mediating role of self-esteem.

Background: Type D personality is analyzed more and more frequently in the context of various chronic illnesses, including bowel diseases. Acceptance of illness is affected by many factors that facilitate adaptation to the difficulties and limitations and support the healing process. One of those factors may be self-esteem.

Biohydrogen production beyond the Thauer limit by precision design of artificial microbial consortia.

Dark fermentative biohydrogen (H) production could become a key technology for providing renewable energy. Until now, the H yield is restricted to 4 moles of H per mole of glucose, referred to as the "Thauer limit". Here we show, that precision design of artificial microbial consortia increased the H yield to 5.

Position paper on screening for breast cancer by the European Society of Breast Imaging (EUSOBI) and 30 national breast radiology bodies from Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Israel, Lithuania, Moldova, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Turkey.

Unlabelled: EUSOBI and 30 national breast radiology bodies support mammography for population-based screening, demonstrated to reduce breast cancer (BC) mortality and treatment impact. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, the reduction in mortality is 40 % for women aged 50-69 years taking up the invitation while the probability of false-positive needle biopsy is <1 % per round and overdiagnosis is only 1-10 % for a 20-year screening. Mortality reduction was also observed for the age groups 40-49 years and 70-74 years, although with "limited evidence".

Large rodlike calcifications at mammography: analysis of morphologic features.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to prospectively determine the prevalence and morphologic features of typically benign large rodlike calcifications at mammography and to provide evidence-based data for this descriptor in a future version of the BI-RADS lexicon.

Subjects And Methods: In the 1-year period of 2011, large rodlike calcifications were detected in 239 of 7935 (3%) consecutive women undergoing screening or diagnostic mammography. Analysis of morphologic features was performed in 165 of the 239 women (69%; mean age, 71.

Current status of artemisinin-resistant falciparum malaria in South Asia: a randomized controlled artesunate monotherapy trial in Bangladesh.

Objective: Recent reports indicate that first cases of genuine artemisinin resistance have already emerged along the Thai-Cambodian border. The main objective of this trial was to track the potential emergence of artemisinin resistance in Bangladesh, which in terms of drug resistance forms a gateway to the Indian subcontinent.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, randomized, controlled 42-day clinical trial in Southeastern Bangladesh to investigate the potential spread of clinical artemisinin resistance from Southeast Asia.

Histologic work-up of non-palpable breast lesions classified as probably benign at initial mammography and/or ultrasound (BI-RADS category 3).

Purpose: To determine the accuracy of a probably benign assessment of non-palpable breast lesions (BI-RADS category 3) at mammography and/or ultrasound with immediate histological work-up.

Materials And Methods: Stereotactic or ultrasound guided core needle breast biopsy (NBB) was performed to evaluate 288 lesions, which were prospectively assessed as BI-RADS category 3. Imaging findings included 195 masses, 73 calcification cases, 16 focal asymmetries, and four architectural distortion cases.

Surname distributions and their association with Y-chromosome markers in the Aleutian Islands.

We examine surname distribution, origin, and association with Y-chromosome haplogroups in native communities from the Aleutian archipelago. The underlying hypothesis is that surnames and Y-chromosome haplogroups should be associated because both are paternally inherited markers. We used Lasker's coefficient of relationship through isonymy (R(ib) ) to identify the distribution of 143 surnames in the Aleutian Islands.

Formulation development of antibodies using robotic system and high-throughput laboratory (HTL).

Since each antibody has its unique physical chemical properties, optimal formulation for one antibody is likely not applicable for the others. To rapidly screen multiple antibody formulations, an automated system was constructed to perform sample preparation, testing, and data management. Using the automatic system, up to 500 liquid formulations can be prepared in deep well microplates and further distributed into standard microplates that can be stored under different stress conditions for degradation studies.

Clinical and functional outcomes of laminoplasty and laminectomy.

Objective: Laminoplasty has become a common alternative to laminectomy for cervical spondylotic myelopathy or radiculopathy. The procedures have been compared before, but data on functional recovery are limited. We aim to compare the safety and short-term clinical and functional outcomes of cervical laminoplasty and cervical laminectomy.

Probably benign breast masses at US: is follow-up an acceptable alternative to biopsy?

Purpose: To retrospectively determine whether nonpalpable solid breast masses that were partially or completely obscured at mammography and diagnosed as probably benign only at ultrasonography (US) can be safely managed with follow-up.

Materials And Methods: The local ethics committee approved this study; informed consent was not required. In 409 women, 448 nonpalpable solid masses were identified and classified as probably benign at US; at mammography these masses were either partially or completely obscured by dense fibroglandular tissue.

[Diagnostic mode and tumor staging of breast cancers in the setting of opportunistic screenings].

Purpose: To analyze data at the time of diagnosis of breast cancer in three radiology practices in Austria in the setting of opportunistic screening.

Materials And Methods: In 529 women (ages 31 - 89, mean age 61.1) with breast cancer, the mode of diagnosis (detected clinically or by opportunistic screening), the local tumor stages, and intervals between screening examinations were assessed.

Interplay of Ca2+ and cAMP signaling in the insulin-secreting MIN6 beta-cell line.

Ca2+ and cAMP are important second messengers that regulate multiple cellular processes. Although previous studies have suggested direct interactions between Ca2+ and cAMP signaling pathways, the underlying mechanisms remain unresolved. In particular, direct evidence for Ca2+-regulated cAMP production in living cells is incomplete.

Follow-up of palpable circumscribed noncalcified solid breast masses at mammography and US: can biopsy be averted?

Purpose: To determine whether palpable noncalcified solid breast masses with benign morphology at mammography and ultrasonography (US) can be managed similarly to nonpalpable probably benign lesions (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System [BI-RADS] category 3)-that is, with periodic imaging surveillance-and to determine whether biopsy can be averted in these lesions.

Materials And Methods: No institutional review board approval or patient consent was required. This retrospective analysis, based on final imaging reports, included 152 patients (age range, 28-77 years; mean age, 48.

[Ultrasound follow-up of palpable solid, probably benign breast lesions (BI-RADS category III)].

Purpose: To determine whether palpable non-calcified solid breast masses with benign morphology on ultrasound can be classified as probably benign and whether these lesions fulfill the criteria required for BI-RADS (TM) category III.

Materials And Methods: This analysis includes 78 patients with 80 palpable non-calcified solid masses that were classified as probably benign at initial sonography. Of 78 patients, 66 had periodic imaging surveillance (2 - 8 years, mean 4.

Double inversion recovery imaging of the brain: initial experience and comparison with fluid attenuated inversion recovery imaging.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the double inversion recovery fast spin echo (DIR-FSE) sequence for brain imaging compared to the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence. DIR-FSE and FLAIR-FSE sequences were obtained and compared side by side. Image assessment criteria included lesion conspicuity, contrast between different types of normal tissue, image quality, and artifacts.

Arterial versus portal venous helical CT for revealing pancreatic adenocarcinoma: conspicuity of tumor and critical vascular anatomy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the conspicuity of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and surrounding critical pancreatic vascular structures on helical CT scans obtained during the arterial and portal venous phases of enhancement.

Subjects And Methods: Forty patients with pancreatic adenocarcinomas under-went dual-phase helical CT (3-mm collimation; l-mm overlapping reconstructions; 160 ml contrast medium injected at 4 ml/sec; scan delay: 18 sec for arterial phase, 60 sec for portal venous phase). Tissue enhancement and differences in tumor-to-pancreas contrast were compared.

Anatomic variants of mesenteric veins: depiction with helical CT venography.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the variable anatomy of mesenteric veins on axial CT images and on volume-rendered CT venograms that use maximum intensity projection and shaded-surface display.

Subjects And Methods: Fifty-seven patients undergoing helical CT of the pancreas were included in the study. The mesenteric venous system was analyzed in 54 patients.

Enhancement of hepatic parenchyma, aorta, and portal vein in helical CT: comparison of iodixanol and iopromide.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine hepatic, aortic, and portal vein enhancement with a new dimeric, nonionic, isotonic contrast medium (iodixanol) in a routinely performed helical CT protocol and compare enhancement characteristics with those of a monomeric, nonionic, low-osmolality contrast medium (iopromide).

Subjects And Methods: In 81 patients, we injected 150 ml of iodixanol (320 mg I/ml), iodixanol (300 mg I/ml), or iopromide (300 mg I/ml). Injection rate was 5 ml/sec.

Covered self-expanding transhepatic biliary stents: clinical pilot study.

Purpose: We report our preliminary results with a new type of self-expanding covered stent for treatment of malignant biliary obstruction.

Methods: Wallstents, fully covered with high elasticity polyurethane, with an unconstrained diameter of 10 mm and a total length of 69 mm, were placed transhepatically under fluoroscopic guidance in five patients. The length of the biliary obstruction varied between 30-50 mm.

Malignant insulinoma: permanent hepatic artery embolization of liver metastases--preliminary results.

Purpose: To evaluate permanent hepatic artery embolization of liver metastases of malignant insulinoma as a therapeutic procedure.

Methods: Three female patients had persistent severe hypoglycemia after distal pancreatectomy because of a malignant insulinoma. Computed tomography (CT) and CT-portography (CTAP) were used for tumor assessment and follow-up and demonstrated multiple hypervascular metastases 0.

Determination of optimal time window for liver scanning with CT during arterial portography.

Purpose: To determine the optimal time window for scanning the liver with computed tomography (CT) during arterial portography (CTAP).

Materials And Methods: After vasodilation and contrast medium injection into the superior mesenteric artery (80 mL at 5 mL/sec), 25 repeated scans were obtained at a single level within 83 seconds in 13 patients. Attenuation was measured on every scan, and time-attenuation curves were created.

[Balloon dilatation of benign esophageal stenoses].

Benign stenoses of the oesophagus have been conventionally treated by endoscopic bougienage and were operated on in case of failure. Now that balloon catheters with large balloon diameters are available, interventional radiological dilatation of enteric strictures can be easily performed. In case of eccentric high-grade stenosis with or without blind loop, stenosis is often easier to manage and associated with less risk with an angiographic guide wire and catheter than by endoscopy.