A pre-specified model based on four kallikrein markers in blood improves predictions of adverse pathology and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy.

Background: A pre-specified model based on four kallikrein markers in blood, commercially available as 4Kscore, predicts Gleason Grade (GG) 3 + 4 or higher prostate cancer on biopsy. However, sampling error and variation in pathology reporting may miss aggressive disease.

Methods: The 4Kscore was measured in cryopreserved blood from 2330 men obtained before prostatectomy at a single institution between 2002 and 2010.

The Impact of Race and Age on Distribution of Metastases in Patients with Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: We investigated the effect of race and age on the distribution of prostate cancer metastases.

Materials And Methods: Records for patients with metastatic prostate cancer were abstracted from the National Inpatient Sample database (2008-2015).

Results: Of 6,963 patients with metastatic prostate cancer 3,881 (72.

Upregulation of Phosphatase 1 Nuclear-Targeting Subunit (PNUTS) Is an Independent Predictor of Poor Prognosis in Prostate Cancer.

Protein phosphatase 1 nuclear-targeting subunit (PNUTS) is ubiquitously expressed and associates with PTEN and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) to control its activity. The role of PNUTS overexpression has hardly been studied in cancer. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to quantitate PNUTS expression on a tissue microarray containing 17,747 clinical prostate cancer specimens.

Upregulation of PTTG1 is associated with poor prognosis in prostate cancer.

Pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) is a regulator of chromosome stability. PTTG1 overexpression had been associated with tumor aggressiveness in several cancer types. To examine its prognostic utility in prostate cancer, a tissue microarray including 12 427 tumors with clinical and molecular data was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.

Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer: Stratification and Management.

Context: Intermediate-risk prostate cancer consists of a highly heterogeneous group of patients. Owing to this heterogeneity and variable prognoses, it is challenging to provide uniform treatment recommendations for men in this group.

Objective: To review the current literature regarding the best available evidence for stratification and treatment of intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients.

[Treatment concepts for primary oligometastatic prostate cancer].

Background: About 5% of prostate cancer patients have distant metastases at diagnosis. In these metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancers (mHSPC), systemic therapy is recommended, according to the guidelines. Moreover, metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) is discussed to prolong survival.

Combined systematic versus stand-alone multiparametric MRI-guided targeted fusion biopsy: nomogram prediction of non-organ-confined prostate cancer.

Objective: Based on unfavorable oncological and functional outcomes of non-organ-confined (NOC) prostate cancer (PCa), defined as ≥ pT3, pN1 or both, we aimed to develop a NOC prediction tool based on multiparametric MRI-guided targeted fusion biopsy (TBx).

Materials And Methods: Analyses were restricted to 594 patients with simultaneous PCa detection at systematic biopsy (SBx), TBx and subsequent radical prostatectomy (RP) at our institution. Development (n = 396; cohort 1) and validation cohorts (n = 198; cohort 2) were used to develop and validate the NOC nomogram.

Association of Age With Risk of Adverse Pathological Findings at Radical Prostatectomy in Men With Gleason Score 6 Prostate Cancer.

This cohort study examines the association of older age with risk of adverse pathological findings at radical prostatectomy in men with biopsy-confirmed Gleason score 6 prostate cancer.

Preoperative Risk-Stratification of High-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Multicenter Analysis.

Cancer-specific survival (CSS) within high-risk non-metastatic prostate cancer varies dramatically. It is likely that within this heterogenous population there are subgroup(s) at extraordinary risk, burdened with an exaptational poor prognosis. Establishing the characteristics of these group(s) would have significant clinical implications since high quality preoperative risk stratification remains the cornerstone of therapeutic decision making to date.

Polyphenolic Compounds from Lespedeza Bicolor Root Bark Inhibit Progression of Human Prostate Cancer Cells via Induction of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest.

From a root bark of Turch we isolated two new (7 and 8) and six previously known compounds (1-6) belonging to the group of prenylated polyphenols. Their structures were elucidated using mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism spectroscopy. These natural compounds selectively inhibited human drug-resistant prostate cancer in vitro.

Loss of the adhesion molecule CEACAM1 is associated with early biochemical recurrence in TMPRSS2:ERG fusion-positive prostate cancers.

Altered expression of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) has been linked to adverse tumor features in various cancer types. To better understand the role of CEACAM1 in prostate cancer, we analyzed a tissue microarray containing tumor spots from 17,747 prostate cancer patients by means of immunohistochemistry. Normal prostate glands showed intense membranous CEACAM1 positivity.

Upregulation of the transcription factor TFAP2D is associated with aggressive tumor phenotype in prostate cancer lacking the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion.

Background: TFAP2D is a transcription factor important for modulating gene expression in embryogenesis. Its expression and prognostic role in prostate cancer has not been evaluated.

Methods: Therefore, a tissue microarray containing 17,747 prostate cancer specimens with associated pathological, clinical, and molecular data was analyzed by immunohistochemistry to assess the role of TFAP2D.

Subcellular Compartmentalization of Survivin is Associated with Biological Aggressiveness and Prognosis in Prostate Cancer.

The role of subcellular survivin compartmentalization in the biology and prognosis of prostate cancer is unclear. We therefore investigated subcellular localization of survivin in more than 3000 prostate cancer patients by quantitative immunohistochemistry and performed transcriptomics of 250 prostate cancer patients and healthy donors using publicly available datasets. Survivin (BIRC5) gene expression was increased in primary prostate cancers and metastases, but did not differ in recurrent vs non-recurrent prostate cancers.

Comparison of Cognitive Function After Robot-Assisted Prostatectomy and Open Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy: A Prospective Observational Single-Center Study.

Objective: To assess the effects of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in the Trendelenburg position on postoperative neurocognitive outcomes this study compared cognitive function between patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy and those who underwent open retropubic radical prostatectomy.

Methods: Objective evaluations of pre- and postoperative cognitive function were performed upon admission and before hospital discharge, by using a neuropsychological test battery. We collected self-reported data on cognitive failures at 3 months postoperatively.

Correction to: The natural course of pT2 prostate cancer with positive surgical margin: predicting biochemical recurrence.

In multivariate analysis, GS of the regular prostatectomy specimen was the only statistically significant parameter for pT2R1 prostate cancer.

Postanesthesia care unit delirium following robot-assisted vs open retropubic radical prostatectomy: A prospective observational study.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of early postoperative delirium in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) between robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in the extreme Trendelenburg position and open retropubic radical prostatectomy (ORP) in supine position.

Methods: Patients were screened for delirium signs 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes following extubation.

Results: PACU delirium was present in 39.

Underestimation of Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography in Assessing Tumor Burden in Prostate Cancer Nodal Recurrence: Head-to-Head Comparison of Ga-PSMA and C-Choline in a Large, Multi-Institutional Series of Extended Salvage Lymph Node Dissections.

Purpose: We compared the use of C-choline and Ga-prostate specific membrane antigen in men undergoing salvage lymph node dissection for nodal recurrent prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: The study included 641 patients who experienced prostate specific antigen rise and nodal recurrence after radical prostatectomy and underwent salvage lymph node dissection. Lymph node recurrence was documented by positron emission tomography/computerized tomography using C-choline (407, 63%) or Ga-PSMA ligand (234, 37%).

The effect of age on cancer-specific mortality in patients with prostate cancer: a population-based study across all stages.

Purpose: To test the effect of age on cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in most contemporary prostate cancer (PCa) patients of all stages and across all treatment modalities.

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2016), we identified 579,369 PCa patients. Cumulative incidence plots and multivariable competing-risks regression analyses (MCR) were used.

The Significance of Primary Biopsy Gleason 5 in Patients with Grade Group 5 Prostate Cancer.

The five-tier grade group (GG) classification for prostate cancer (PCa) does not differentiate between primary (5+4) or secondary (4+5) histological Gleason 5 pattern in GG 5. We addressed the prognostic value of primary versus secondary biopsy Gleason 5 for GG 5 among 18 555 PCa patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) between 1992 and 2014. Of these, 922 patients had GG 5 PCa with primary (n=295) or secondary (n=627) Gleason 5 on biopsy.

The impact of very high initial PSA on oncological outcomes after radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer.

Background: To analyze oncological outcomes of very high-risk patients with initial PSA 50-99.9 and ≥100 ng/ml who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) for clinically localized prostate cancer.

Methods: Overall, 2,811 RP patients (1992-2018) with negative preoperative CT-scan and bone scintigraphy were included.

Definition of high-risk prostate cancer impacts oncological outcomes after radical prostatectomy.

Background: To examine the impact of different pretreatment definitions on biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival, metastasis-free survival, and cancer-specific survival after radical prostatectomy.

Methods: Overall, 26,364 patients with clinically localized disease who underwent radical prostatectomy at a single institution (1992-2017) were retrospectively analyzed. Seven pretreatment definitions of high-risk CaP (prostate-specific antigen [PSA] ≥20 ng/ml, clinical stage ≥T2c, clinical stage T3 [cT3], biopsy Gleason score [GS] 8-10 [Grade Group {GG} IV-V], biopsy GS 9 to 10 [GG V], D'Amico risk definition, National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk definition) were evaluated.