Cholecystitis due to gallbladder volvulus in a child.

Gallbladder volvulus (GV) involves the rotation of the gallbladder along its axis, resulting in torsion. This pathology is rare, more commonly found in elderly females, but can occasionally occur in pediatric patients. Diagnosis is challenging due to often atypical symptoms, with imaging and laboratory findings typically nonspecific.

Esophageal Squamous Papilloma in the Pediatric Population.

Esophageal squamous papillomas (ESP) are rare benign tumors of the esophagus, which occur mostly in the adult population. Few cases have been reported in children and due to the low incidence, the pathogenesis of ESP is not entirely understood and the management is not standardized. It is thought that mucosal irritation from underlying inflammation, perhaps from GERD, trauma or human papilloma viruses can play a role in the formation of ESP.

Constipation, renovascular hypertension, and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).

Unlabelled: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinico-radiological entity characterized by variable associations of headaches, encephalopathy, seizures, vomiting, visual disturbance, and focal neurological signs. Neuroimaging shows cerebral edema of different patterns, classically involving the parieto-occipital white matter. PRES has been associated with several conditions predominantly hypertension, eclampsia, and immunosuppressive therapy.

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome in obese children.

Background And Aim: In the context of present epidemic of childhood obesity, we aimed to find the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in a cohort of obese children.

Methodology: Retrospective chart analysis of 700 obese children was done for their anthropometric and biochemical investigations.

Results: Some 15.

Acute upper GI bleed in a 4-year-old boy: a case of atypical Burkitts lymphoma in a 4-year-old.

Lymphomas have been seen in the pediatric population; more frequently in patients with H. Pylori, Celiac disease, and/or patients with congenital or acquired immune deficiencies. We report a case of a 4-year old male with an acute gastric-intestinal bleed accompanied by a rare lymphoma.

Polymorphisms in the IBD5 locus are associated with Crohn disease in pediatric Ashkenazi Jewish patients.

Objectives: To analyze the IBD5 locus in a homogenous cohort of Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) children with Crohn disease (CD).

Patients And Methods: A total of 83 AJ children with CD and 73 AJ healthy controls were studied. Genotyping for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) including OCTN1 (SLC22A4; 1672C-->T), OCTN2 (SLC22A5; 207G-->C), IGR2096, IGR2198, and IGR2230 genes was performed using the TaqMan system.

Safety and symptom improvement with esomeprazole in adolescents with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Objectives: The primary objective was to assess the safety of esomeprazole 20 or 40 mg once daily in adolescents with clinically diagnosed gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). A secondary aim was to assess changes in GERD symptoms after esomeprazole therapy.

Patients And Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind study, adolescents ages 12 to 17 years inclusive received esomeprazole 20 or 40 mg once daily for 8 weeks.