Protective effect of bixin on cisplatin-induced genotoxicity in PC12 cells.

Bixin is the main carotenoid found in annatto seeds (Bixa orellana L.) and is responsible for their reddish-orange color. The antioxidant properties of this compound are associated with its ability to scavenge free radicals, which may reduce damage and protect tissues against toxicity caused by anticancer drugs such as cisplatin.

Evaluation of curcumin and cisplatin-induced DNA damage in PC12 cells by the alkaline comet assay.

A very appropriate method for antigenotoxicity evaluation of antioxidants is the comet assay, since this analytical method detects initial DNA lesions that are still subject to repair; in other words, lesions that are very associated to damages resulting from the generation and subsequent action of reactive species. However, a solid evaluation should be developed in order to avoid inexact interpretations. In our study, besides the association of curcumin with cisplatin, curcumin and cisplatin agents were also tested separately.

Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of curcumin in PC12 cells.

Neurotoxicity induced by reactive oxygen species can appear as an adverse effect of chemotherapy treatment with platinum compounds, such as cisplatin. The use of this drug in clinical practice is limited due to its adverse effects, including nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neurotoxicity and genotoxicity. Functional foods or nutraceuticals have demonstrated potential neuroprotective activity in several experiments and models.