The Impact of Positive and Adverse Experiences in Adolescence on Health and Wellbeing Outcomes in Early Adulthood.

This study evaluated the associations between positive and adverse experiences and environments in adolescence and health, education and employment outcomes in early adulthood. Data were extracted from the Longitudinal Studies of Australian Youth cohort that commenced in 2003. The items were conceptually mapped to Positive and Adverse Youth Experiences and environments (PYEs and AYEs) at 15, 16 and 17 years old and outcomes at 25 years old.

Family member and service provider experiences and perspectives of a digital surveillance and service navigation approach in multicultural context: a qualitative study in identifying the barriers and enablers to Watch Me Grow-Electronic (WMG-E) program with a culturally diverse community.

Background: Children and families from priority populations experienced significant psychosocial and mental health issues to the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet they also faced significant barriers to service access, particularly families from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. With most child and family health nurse clinics ceasing in-person consultations due to the pandemic, many children missed out on health and developmental checks.

Anti-phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) as a proliferation marker to assess mitotic activity and to grade neuroendocrine neoplasms of hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) system.

Background: The world health organization (WHO) classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs, i.e. neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs)) of the gastrointestinal system involves grading of these tumors by mitotic count (i.

Can Pretreatment MRI and Planning CT Radiomics Improve Prediction of Complete Pathological Response in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Following Neoadjuvant Treatment?

Objective(s): The treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) differs largely in individuals treated for rectal cancer. In this study, we investigated the role of radiomics to predict the pathological response in locally advanced rectal cancers at different treatment time points: (1) before the start of any treatment using baseline T2-weighted MRI (T2W-MR) and (2) at the start of radiation treatment using planning CT.

Methods: Patients on nCRT followed by surgery between June 2017 to December 2019 were included in the study.

Optimizing Surgical Management of Acute Invasive Fungal Sinusitis.

Objective: Early surgical debridement is vital for favorable outcomes in acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS). Our study aimed to propose guidelines with tailored, conservative surgical procedures based on areas of involvement and evaluate their usefulness in avoiding repeated debridement.

Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted on 150 AIFS patients operated on with the proposed surgical guidelines from May to June 2021 at a tertiary care hospital.

Relation of Langerhans cell size to buccal carcinoma.

Oral cancer decreases quality of life despite timely medical management. The carcinogens in tobacco products and their role in tumorigenesis are well documented. Langerhans cells (LCs) are a subset of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that monitor the tumor microenvironment and engulf carcinogens and foreign bodies.

The Clinical Profile and Long-Term Outcome of Children with Membranous Nephropathy, and the Evaluation of Anti-Phospholipase A2 Receptor Antibody Immunohistochemistry in Kidney Biopsy.

Introduction: Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN) is a rare cause of nephrotic syndrome in children (1%-7%). Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLAR) antibody positivity in kidney biopsy is observed in 52%-78% of adults and 45% of children with iMN. The objectives of the study are to analyze the clinical profile and outcome of membranous nephropathy in children, to assess the prevalence of anti-PLAR immunohistochemistry (IHC) in kidney biopsy, and to correlate their presence with disease characteristics.

Threshold and suprathreshold component analysis in olfactory dysfunction: a retrospective study.

Objective: To analyse variations in the n-butanol threshold and odour identification scores of the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Centre test in various grades of olfactory dysfunction and in different nasal conditions leading to olfactory loss.

Method: Retrospective observational study.

Results: All grades of olfactory dysfunction were predominantly noted among males.

Feasibility of linking universal child and family healthcare and financial counselling: findings from the Australian Healthier Wealthier Families (HWF) mixed-methods study.

Objectives: 'Healthier Wealthier Families' (HWF) seeks to reduce financial hardship in the early years by embedding a referral pathway between Australia's universal child and family health (CFH) services and financial counselling. This pilot study investigated the feasibility and short-term impacts of HWF, adapted from a successful Scottish initiative.

Methods: Setting: CFH services in five sites across two states, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Clinico-Radiological Evaluation for Longitudinal Assessment in Central Skull Base Osteomyelitis: Proposal of Novel Scoring System.

This study aims to evaluate clinical, radiological and laboratory parameters for longitudinal assessment and prognostication in central skull base osteomyelitis (CSBO). Novel radiological score and cranial nerve assessment score (CNAS) have been proposed and analysed along with pain score (VAS), ESR, CRP, WBC count, and HbA1c for utility in disease-monitoring and predicting outcome in CSBO. CSBO cases managed in a tertiary care centre from January 2018 to November 2020, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months were included.

Comparative analysis of mutational patterns in triple negative breast cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with residual disease.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease with poor survival compared to other subtypes. Patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) face an increased risk of relapse and death. We aimed to characterize the mutational landscape of this subset to offer insights into relapse pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.

Understanding the predictive accuracy of the InsuTAG index over other surrogate indices in normoglycaemic, non-obese males from Southern India.

We aimed to evaluate the predictive accuracy of InsuTAG index against M value of the hyperinsulinaemic-Euglycaemic clamp (HEC) procedure and fasting surrogate indices of insulin sensitivity/resistance in young, normoglycaemic, Asian Indian males. HEC studies were done in young (mean age 19.7 ± 1 years), non-obese (mean BMI 19.

Dose-Dense Docetaxel-Cyclophosphamide and Epirubicin-Cisplatin(ddDCEP): Analysis of an Alternative Platinum-Containing Regimen in 116 Patients with Early Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

We assessed the efficacy, tolerability, and cost-effectiveness of a novel neoadjuvant regimen comprising docetaxel-cyclophosphamide alternating with epirubicin-cisplatin (ddDCEP) administered biweekly for 16 weeks in 116 patients with early triple-negative breast cancer. This regimen achieved a high pathological complete response (ypT0/TisN0) rate of 55.2% and favorable survival outcomes (30-month event-free survival, 91.

Analysis of patients with endometrial carcinoma using the ProMise classifier: a pilot study from India.

Background: Molecular subtyping of endometrial carcinomas (EC) has been shown to classify tumors into prognostically relevant groups. Characterizing EC with a limited number of markers viz., POLE mutations, p53 mutations, and MMR status, can provide valuable information.

Comparative evaluation of diabetic retinopathy screening programs in regular ophthalmology clinics versus integrated diabetic clinics within rural health-care services.

Background: Robust integration of diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening within health systems is essential to prevent DR-related blindness. This, however, remains a challenge in the developing world. The aim of this study was to evaluate two models of DR screening programs within rural general health-care services.

Bone Mineral Density and Serum Bone Turnover Markers among Post-Menarchal Girls from Rural South India.

Background: The data on the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers (BTMs) in Indian adolescents are limited.

Objectives: To assess BMD at lumbar spine (LS, L1-L4) and femoral neck (FN) in South Indian post-menarchal girls and correlate it with dietary calcium intake (mg/day), physical activity score and post-menarchal years. The study also assessed serum BTMs and their correlation with chronological age in the study population.

'Everything's adaptable': A qualitative study of how nurses make decisions in sustained home-visiting care with mothers and children experiencing adversity.

Aims: To explore nurse decision-making processes in the delivery of sustained home-visiting care for mothers of young children who are experiencing adversity.

Design: Qualitative descriptive research design using focus group interviews.

Methods: Thirty-two home-visiting nurses participated in four focus group interviews exploring their decision-making in the care they provide to families.

Stay home, stay safe? Public health assumptions about how we live with COVID.

The COVID pandemic has had an uneven impact on families and communities, exacerbating existing structural disadvantage. We demonstrate that the construction of the pandemic by policymakers as primarily a medical problem has shaped the public health response in such a way as to hide the resulting lack of access to necessities for many and deterioration in people's wellbeing. We interviewed social welfare service providers in an urban area of high cultural and linguistic diversity and low socioeconomic advantage, about their experiences in the 2021 lockdown period.

Relationship of Upper Airway Collapse with Severity of Sleep Apnoea and Sleepiness.

: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway collapse. A review of literature shows limited and conflicting data regarding impact of upper pharyngeal collapse on severity of OSA and degree of sleepiness. : To evaluate the association of the number of levels and degree of upper airway collapse and severity of OSA.