Adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy: epidemiology, pathophysiology, imaging, and prognosis.

Adult-onset foveomacular dystrophy (AOFVD) is a retinal pattern dystrophy that may affect up to 1 in 7,400 individuals. There is much that is unknown regarding this disease's epidemiology, risk factors for development, and rate of progression through its four stages. Advancements in retinal imaging over the past 15 years have enabled improved characterization of the different stages of AOFVD.

Evolution of Autoimmune Retinopathy in Stiff Person Syndrome: A Case Report.

Purpose: To report a case of autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) as the presenting feature of Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) and assess its evolution.

Observations: A 35-year-old man presented with progressive, chronic, vision loss. On initial examination, visual acuity measured 20/20 OD and 20/50 OS.

Risk Factors for Worsening Morphology and Visual Acuity in Eyes with Adult-Onset Foveomacular Vitelliform Dystrophy.

Purpose: To explore clinical risk factors and OCT features associated with worse visual acuity (VA), progression of disease, choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and atrophy in eyes with adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy (AOFVD).

Design: Single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study.

Participants: Patients seen at Duke Eye Center between January 2012 and May 2023 with a diagnosis of AOFVD confirmed via OCT and fundus autofluorescence.

Toxicity and Chemical Characterization of Aerosol Derived from Electronic Cigarette Humectants Using a Newly Developed Exposure System.

In the United States, the recent surge of electronic cigarette (e-cig) use has raised questions concerning the safety of these devices. This study seeks to assess the pro-inflammatory and cellular stress effects of the vaped humectants propylene glycol (PG) and glycerol (GLY) on airway epithelial cells (16HBE cells and differentiated human bronchial epithelial cells) with a newly developed aerosol exposure system. This system allows for chemical characterization of e-cig generated aerosol particles as well as exposures of 16HBE cells at an air-liquid interface to vaped PG and GLY aerosol.

Small Molecule Antipsychotic Aripiprazole Potentiates Ozone-Induced Inflammation in Airway Epithelium.

Inhaled ground level ozone (O) has well described adverse health effects, which may be augmented in susceptible populations. While conditions, such as pre-existing respiratory disease, have been identified as factors enhancing susceptibility to O-induced health effects, the potential for chemical interactions in the lung to sensitize populations to pollutant-induced responses has not yet been studied. In the airways, inhaled O reacts with lipids, such as cholesterol, to generate reactive and electrophilic oxysterol species, capable of causing cellular dysfunction and inflammation.