Assessment of the effects of sex, age, and rearing condition on ultrasonic vocalizations elicited by pups during the maternal potentiation paradigm in C57BL/6J mice.

Isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) are important to elicit parental retrieval. This behavior is critical for the animal's survival and can be altered in models of developmental disorders. The potentiation of vocalizations in response to reunion with the dam, also called maternal potentiation, has been extensively studied in rats.

Understanding the electrospray ionization response factors of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are used extensively in commercial products. Their unusual solubility properties make them an ideal class of compounds for various applications. However, these same properties have led to significant contamination and bioaccumulation given their persistence in the environment.

Development and Application of Extraction Methods for LC-MS Quantification of Microcystins in Liver Tissue.

A method was developed to extract and quantify microcystins (MCs) from mouse liver with limits of quantification (LOQs) lower than previously reported. MCs were extracted from 40-mg liver samples using 85:15 (v:v) CHCN:HO containing 200 mM ZnSO and 1% formic acid. Solid-phase extraction with a C18 cartridge was used for sample cleanup.

Dhb Microcystins Discovered in USA Using an Online Concentration LC-MS/MS Platform.

Based on current structural and statistical calculations, thousands of microcystins (MCs) can exist; yet, to date, only 246 MCs were identified and only 12 commercial MC standards are available. Standard mass spectrometry workflows for known and unknown MCs need to be developed and validated for basic and applied harmful algal bloom research to advance. Our investigation focuses on samples taken in the spring of 2018 from an impoundment fed by Oser and Bischoff Reservoirs, Indiana, United States of America (USA).

Comparative Analysis of Microcystin Prevalence in Michigan Lakes by Online Concentration LC/MS/MS and ELISA.

Fast and reliable workflows are needed to quantitate microcystins (MCs), a ubiquitous class of hepatotoxic cyanotoxins, so that the impact of human and environmental exposure is assessed quickly and minimized. Our goal was to develop a high-throughput online concentration liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) workflow to quantitate the 12 commercially available MCs and nodularin in surface and drinking waters. The method run time was 8.