Characteristics and Trajectory of Older Adults Supported by a Patient Navigator Program in a Hospital Setting: A Cohort Observational Study.

To improve transitions in care, a new patient navigation (PN) program was introduced to support older adults with complex care needs transition from hospital to home. The patient navigator is a community social worker embedded in the hospital's care teams. A cohort observational design was used to conduct the study by analysing the patient navigator's clinical notes and hospital's administrative data to describe the characteristics of patients, scope of the patient navigator's activities, and patient outcomes.

Inducible, but not constitutive, pancreatic isoforms are regulated by intestinal microbiota and pancreatic diseases.

The / gene locus encodes for a conserved family of potent antimicrobial but also pancreatitis-associated proteins. Here we investigated whether family members differ in their baseline expression levels and abilities to be regulated in the pancreas and gut upon perturbations. We found, in human and mouse, pancreas and gut differed in / isoform levels and preferences, with duodenum most resembling the pancreas.

Practical resources for effective postpartum parenting (PREPP): a randomized controlled trial of a novel parent-infant dyadic intervention to reduce symptoms of postpartum depression.

Background: There is little known about the effectiveness of psychological interventions to prevent postpartum depression that focus on the birthing parent and infant dyad. Risk factors for PPD include depression during pregnancy, low parenting self-efficacy, and disrupted parental nocturnal sleep. The brief Practical Resources for Effective Postpartum Parenting (PREPP) intervention is designed for pregnant individuals at-risk for postpartum depression, providing them with 1) caregiving strategies aimed at reducing infant fuss and cry behavior and increasing infant sleep, 2) self-reflection and mindfulness skills and 3) psychoeducation about the postpartum period and infant behavior.

Precise Control of Intracellular Trafficking and Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis in Living Cells and Behaving Animals.

Intracellular trafficking, an extremely complex network, dynamically orchestrates nearly all cellular activities. A versatile method that enables the manipulation of target transport pathways with high spatiotemporal accuracy in vitro and in vivo is required to study how this network coordinates its functions. Here, a new method called RIVET (Rapid Immobilization of target Vesicles on Engaged Tracks) is presented.

A new patient navigation model of care to support older adults in transitions of care: Key considerations for implementation for policy-makers and health system leaders.

A Patient Navigation (PN) model of care was introduced in a large metropolitan hospital in Ontario (Canada) to support transitions in care for older adults in 2019. The patient navigator is a community social worker or "community transitional lead" embedded in the hospital's in care teams to assist with discharge planning and provide follow-up care to older adults, their families, and/or care partners for up to 90 days. Initially, the PN program supported acute care patients and has since expanded in the Emergency Department and Reactivation Care Centre.

A combinatorially complete epistatic fitness landscape in an enzyme active site.

Protein engineering often targets binding pockets or active sites which are enriched in epistasis-nonadditive interactions between amino acid substitutions-and where the combined effects of multiple single substitutions are difficult to predict. Few existing sequence-fitness datasets capture epistasis at large scale, especially for enzyme catalysis, limiting the development and assessment of model-guided enzyme engineering approaches. We present here a combinatorially complete, 160,000-variant fitness landscape across four residues in the active site of an enzyme.

ITPRIPL1 binds CD3ε to impede T cell activation and enable tumor immune evasion.

Cancer immunotherapy has transformed treatment possibilities, but its effectiveness differs significantly among patients, indicating the presence of alternative pathways for immune evasion. Here, we show that ITPRIPL1 functions as an inhibitory ligand of CD3ε, and its expression inhibits T cells in the tumor microenvironment. The binding of ITPRIPL1 extracellular domain to CD3ε on T cells significantly decreased calcium influx and ZAP70 phosphorylation, impeding initial T cell activation.

An evolutionary mechanism to assimilate new nutrient sensors into the mTORC1 pathway.

Animals sense and respond to nutrient availability in their environments, a task coordinated in part by the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway. mTORC1 regulates growth in response to nutrients and, in mammals, senses specific amino acids through specialized sensors that bind the GATOR1/2 signaling hub. Given that animals can occupy diverse niches, we hypothesized that the pathway might evolve distinct sensors in different metazoan phyla.

Initial Imaging of Pregnant Patients in the Trauma Bay-Discussion and Review of Presentations at a Level-1 Trauma Centre.

Trauma is the leading non-obstetric cause of maternal and fetal mortality and affects an estimated 5-7% of all pregnancies. Pregnant women, thankfully, are a small subset of patients presenting in the trauma bay, but they do have distinctive physiologic and anatomic changes. These increase the risk of certain traumatic injuries, and the gravid uterus can both be the primary site of injury and mask other injuries.

Nephron progenitors rhythmically alternate between renewal and differentiation phases that synchronize with kidney branching morphogenesis.

The mammalian kidney achieves massive parallelization of function by exponentially duplicating nephron-forming niches during development. Each niche caps a tip of the ureteric bud epithelium (the future urinary collecting duct tree) as it undergoes branching morphogenesis, while nephron progenitors within niches balance self-renewal and differentiation to early nephron cells. Nephron formation rate approximately matches branching rate over a large fraction of mouse gestation, yet the nature of this apparent pace-maker is unknown.

Evaluation of Real and Perceived Risk to Health Care Workers Caring for Patients With the Omicron Variant of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Surgery and Obstetrics.

Objectives: The Omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is described as more contagious than previous variants. We sought to assess risk to health care workers (HCWs) caring for patients with COVID-19 in surgical/obstetrical settings, and the perception of risk among this group.

Methods: From January to April 2022, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral ribonucleic acid in patient, environmental (floor, equipment, passive air) samples, and HCWs' masks (inside surface) during urgent surgery or obstetrical delivery for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Spontaneous, idiopathic granulomatous mastitis in a pregnant patient: A case report and review of the literature.

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a rare breast condition of unclear etiology. Its course is often rapidly progressive, slow to resolve, and can have a high rate of recurrence. Clinical presentation can mimic breast abscess, infectious mastitis, and carcinoma of the breast, generating a diagnostic challenge.

Network Analysis for Formative Evaluation of Collaborative, Team Science Research Partnerships.

Cancer health disparities persist across the cancer care continuum despite decades of effort to eliminate them. Among the strategies currently used to address these disparities are multi-institution research initiatives that engage multiple stakeholders and change efforts. Endemic to the theory of change of such programs is the idea that collaboration-across institutions, research disciplines, and academic ranks-is necessary to improve outcomes.

An evolutionary mechanism to assimilate new nutrient sensors into the mTORC1 pathway.

Animals must sense and respond to nutrient availability in their local niche. This task is coordinated in part by the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway, which regulates growth and metabolism in response to nutrients. In mammals, mTORC1 senses specific amino acids through specialized sensors that act through the upstream GATOR1/2 signaling hub.

Deep Learning Model to Denoise Luminescence Images of Silicon Solar Cells.

Luminescence imaging is widely used to identify spatial defects and extract key electrical parameters of photovoltaic devices. To reliably identify defects, high-quality images are desirable; however, acquiring such images implies a higher cost or lower throughput as they require better imaging systems or longer exposure times. This study proposes a deep learning-based method to effectively diminish the noise in luminescence images, thereby enhancing their quality for inspection and analysis.

High-Energy, Whole-Body Proton Irradiation Differentially Alters Long-Term Brain Pathology and Behavior Dependent on Sex and Alzheimer's Disease Mutations.

Whole-body exposure to high-energy particle radiation remains an unmitigated hazard to human health in space. Ongoing experiments at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory and elsewhere repeatedly show persistent changes in brain function long after exposure to simulations of this unique radiation environment, although, as is also the case with proton radiotherapy sequelae, how this occurs and especially how it interacts with common comorbidities is not well-understood. Here, we report modest differential changes in behavior and brain pathology between male and female Alzheimer's-like and wildtype littermate mice 7-8 months after exposure to 0, 0.

Surgical Outcomes between Routes of Hysterectomy in Patients with a Previous Cesarean Section.

Study Objective: To determine the difference in surgical complications for patients with a previous cesarean section (CS) undergoing abdominal, vaginal, or laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Design: A population-based retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Province of Ontario, Canada.

Drawn-on-Skin Sensors from Fully Biocompatible Inks toward High-Quality Electrophysiology.

The need to develop wearable devices for personal health monitoring, diagnostics, and therapy has inspired the production of innovative on-demand, customizable technologies. Several of these technologies enable printing of raw electronic materials directly onto biological organs and tissues. However, few of them have been thoroughly investigated for biocompatibility of the raw materials on the cellular, tissue, and organ levels or with different cell types.

Violence perpetration prevalence among Colorado (United States) high school students across gender, racial/ethnic, and sexual identities.

Adolescent violence, including sexual violence, homophobic name-calling, and teen dating violence, are public health problems that cause harm to many adolescents in the United States. Although research on the perpetration of these forms of adolescent violence has increased in recent years, little is known about perpetration rates across gender, race/ethnicity, and sexual orientation. To address this gap, the current study descriptively examined perpetration rates between and across different identities, including self-identified race/ethnicity, sexual identity, and gender identity.