Parental Expression of Emotions and Surgeon Responses During Consultations for Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Children.

Importance: Little is known about emotional communication between parents and surgeons. Understanding the patterns and correlates of emotional communication may foster collaboration during surgical consultations.

Objective: To describe the emotional expressions by parents when bringing their child for evaluation of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) as well as surgeon responses to these emotional expressions and to evaluate the association between parental demographic characteristics and surgeon response types.

Understanding Bias in Surgery: Perceived Cultural Similarity Between Surgeons and Patient Families.

Objective: We describe surgeon and parent perceptions of similarity toward each other and evaluate differences in the perceptions of similarity by race.

Study Design: Observational cohort analysis.

Setting: Three outpatient sites.

Assessment of Parental Choice Predisposition for Tonsillectomy in Children.

Importance: The decision to proceed with tonsillectomy to treat pediatric obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (OSDB) often falls on individual families. Despite emphasis on shared decision-making between parents and surgeons about tonsillectomy for OSDB, the extent to which parents have already decided about surgery prior to the child's consultation is not known.

Objective: To identify predictors of parent choice predisposition for surgical treatment of OSDB with tonsillectomy and describe its association with parent-clinician communication.

Treatment recommendations to parents during pediatric tonsillectomy consultations: A mixed methods analysis of surgeon language.

Objective: A deeper understanding of the dialogue clinicians use to relay treatment recommendations is needed to fully understand their influence on patient decisions about surgery. We characterize how otolaryngologists provide treatment recommendations and suggest a classification framework.

Methods: We qualitatively analyzed surgeon recommendations from 55 encounters between otolaryngologists and parents of children evaluated for tonsillectomy, and classified recommendation types by phrasing.

Cleft Palate Repair by Otolaryngologist-Head and Neck Surgeons: Risk Factors for Postoperative Fistula.

Objectives/hypothesis: To assess the incidence of palatal fistula after primary repair of the cleft palate among two cohorts of Otolaryngologist-Head and Neck Surgeons and to identify patient and surgeon characteristics that may predict fistula development.

Study Design: Retrospective case series with chart review.

Methods: Children who underwent primary repair of cleft palate at one of two multidisciplinary cleft centers over a 10 year period were identified.

Systemic Bevacizumab (Avastin) for Juvenile-Onset Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP) can cause severe or disseminated disease. Surgical treatment may be inadequate. Systemic bevacizumab has shown initial success for severe JORRP.

Adherence to American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Clinical Practice Guidelines: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Clinical practice guidelines synthesize and disseminate the best available evidence to guide clinical decisions and increase high-quality care. Since 2004, the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation (AAO-HNSF) has published 16 guidelines. The objective of this review was to evaluate clinicians' adherence to these guidelines' recommendations as measured in the literature.

A Standardized Care Pathway following Mandibular Distraction in Infants Less Than 3 Months of Age.

Objectives: To assess for differences in postoperative care following mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) in infants before and after implementation of a standardized protocol.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Urban tertiary pediatric hospital.

Functional studies reveal new mechanisms for deafness caused by connexin mutations.

Objective: Connexin26 (Cx26) and Cx30 are the major protein subunits forming gap junction (GJ) intercellular channels in the cochlea. Mutations in these 2 Cxs are the major cause of nonsyndromic early childhood deafness in humans. The underlying mechanism for cochlear abnormality is unclear.

Phototherapeutic keratectomy for the treatment of diffuse lamellar keratitis.

We report a case of laser in situ keratomileusis in which a patient with recurrent diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) recalcitrant to standard therapy was successfully treated with phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK). The PTK was used to ablate both surfaces of the flap interface with the goal of removing DLK-inciting agents. The resultant sustained decrease in DLK suggests PTK is an effective therapy option.