Efficacy of algaecides for the proactive treatment of overwintering cyanobacteria.

Once established within a water resource, harmful algal blooms (HABs) can occur seasonally with an intense and rapid onset, giving water resource managers limited time to respond to lessen risks. An attractive strategy to decrease human, ecological, and economic risks from HABs is to implement proactive algaecide treatments applied to overwintering cyanobacteria (i.e.