Metabolic profiling and antibacterial activity of tree wood extracts obtained under variable extraction conditions.

Introduction: Tree bacterial diseases are a threat in forestry due to their increasing incidence and severity. Understanding tree defence mechanisms requires evaluating metabolic changes arising during infection. Metabolite extraction affects the chemical diversity of the samples and, therefore, the biological relevance of the data.

Real-World Effectiveness of Bebtelovimab Versus Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in Outpatients with COVID-19.

Introduction: This real-world study assessed the effectiveness of bebtelovimab (BEB) versus nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NR) among outpatients with COVID-19 during the Omicron variant era.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study evaluating patients treated with BEB or NR from February to August 2022 (study period). Follow-up began the day after treatment and continued for 30 days.

Hospital COVID-19 Burden and Adverse Event Rates.

Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic introduced stresses on hospitals due to the surge in demand for care and to staffing shortages. The implications of these stresses for patient safety are not well understood.

Objective: To assess whether hospital COVID-19 burden was associated with the rate of in-hospital adverse effects (AEs).

Mutual aid food sharing during the COVID-19 pandemic: case study of Tompkins County, NY.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic led to greater food insecurity across the world, and government and charitable organisations did not always respond quickly enough or adequately to meet food needs. Mutual aid (MA) - neighbours helping neighbours to meet survival needs - mobilised residents to share food, often through outdoor food cabinets and refrigerators. This study aims to understand how MA food sharing was implemented, including food availability, acceptability, accessibility and impact on food access.

Psychiatric Explanations of Poor Oral Intake: A Clinically Focused Review.

Background: Poor oral intake (POI) among medical-surgical inpatients can cause malnutrition and delay recovery due to medical consequences and the need for more invasive nutritional support. Many psychiatric conditions can cause POI; however, the role that psychiatric conditions play in POI has received limited attention to date.

Objective: This review aggregates available information on POI due to psychiatric conditions and provides a framework for the clinical approach to these conditions in hospitalized adult patients.

An automated ensemble approach using Harris Hawk optimization for visually evoked EEG signal classification.

Steady-state visually evoked potential is one of the active explorations in the brain-computer interface research. Electroencephalogram based brain computer interface studies have been widely applied to perceive solutions for real-world problems in the healthcare domain. The classification of externally bestowed visual stimuli of different frequencies on a human was experimented to identify the need of paralytic people.

High repetition-rate dual-channel X-ray spectrometer for high-intensity laser-plasma experiments.

We describe the development and demonstration of a high-repetition-rate-capable dual-channel (DC) x-ray spectrometer designed for high-intensity laser-plasma experiments (≥1×1021 W/cm2). The spectrometer, which operates at high repetition rates, is limited only by the refresh rate of targets and the camera's frame rate. It features two channels, each equipped with a flat highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) crystal and a unique detector plane, allowing it to resolve two distinct x-ray bands: approximately 7-10 and 10-13 keV.

Coevolutionary analysis of Pseudomonas syringae-phage interactions to help with rational design of phage treatments.

Treating plant bacterial diseases is notoriously difficult because of the lack of available antimicrobials. Pseudomonas syringae pathovar syringae (Pss) is a major pathogen of cherry (Prunus avium) causing bacterial canker of the stem, leaf and fruit, impacting productivity and leading to a loss of trees. In an attempt to find a treatment for this disease, naturally occurring bacteriophage (phage) that specifically target Pss is being investigated as a biocontrol strategy.

COVID-19 Admission Rates and Changes in Care Quality in US Hospitals.

Importance: Unprecedented increases in hospital occupancy rates during COVID-19 surges in 2020 caused concern over hospital care quality for patients without COVID-19.

Objective: To examine changes in hospital nonsurgical care quality for patients without COVID-19 during periods of high and low COVID-19 admissions.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used data from the 2019 and 2020 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases.

Reducing intravenous antibiotics in neonates born ≥35 weeks' gestation: A quality improvement study.

Aim: To assess the impact of the Early Onset Sepsis (EOS) calculator, implemented as a quality improvement study, to reduce the rate of unnecessary antibiotics in neonates born ≥35 weeks' gestation.

Methods: An audit of routinely collected hospital data from January 2008 to March 2014 (retrospective) and from January 2018 to September 2019 (prospective) determined baseline incidence of EOS intravenous antibiotic use in neonates born ≥35 weeks' gestation in a tertiary level perinatal centre. Plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles were applied to implement the EOS calculator.

Long-term safety of Ixekizumab in adults with psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, or axial spondyloarthritis: a post-hoc analysis of final safety data from 25 randomized clinical trials.

Background: We report long-term, end-of-study program safety outcomes from 25 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in adult patients with psoriasis (PsO), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), or axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) [including ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA)] who received ≥ 1 dose of Ixekizumab (IXE) over 5 years (PsO) or up to 3 years (PsA, axSpA).

Methods: This integrated safety analysis consists of data from patients who received any dose of IXE, across 25 RCTs (17 PsO, 4 PsA, 4 axSpA). Rates of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), serious adverse events (SAEs) and selected adverse events (AEs) of interest were analyzed for all pooled studies by years of therapy and overall, through March 2022.

A latent class analysis of dissociative PTSD subtype among Chinese adolescents following the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and related policies have amplified the vulnerability of adolescents to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociation symptoms. This study sought to explore the profile patterns and psychopathological characteristics of co-occurring PTSD and dissociation symptoms in Chinese adolescents.

Methods: A total of 57,984 junior and senior high school students in Deyang City, China were recruited between July 13 and July 19, 2020.

Flexible tape-drive target system for secondary high-intensity laser-driven sources.

We present the development of a flexible tape-drive target system to generate and control secondary high-intensity laser-plasma sources. Its adjustable design permits the generation of relativistic MeV particles and x rays at high-intensity (i.e.

Psychometric properties of the Global Psychotrauma Screen in the United States.

Background: Prior research assessing the psychometric properties of the Global Psychotrauma Screen provided support for its internal consistency reliability, construct validity, convergent validity, and divergent validity in several international samples, but not specifically in a U.S. subsample.

The mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and exposure to other potentially traumatic events up to old age.

We investigated whether the impact of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) on trauma-related symptoms changes across the transitional adult lifespan (i.e., 16-100 years old) and if this association differs for self-reported COVID-19-related PTEs compared to other PTEs.

"You got an instant conversation": Goal progress and perceptions following an e-mentoring social media intervention for young people who use augmentative and alternative communication.

Introduction: Persons with communication disability are at increased risk of social isolation due to multiple societal barriers. Young people with communication disability are not using social media to the same extent as the general population, limiting their access to social networks. The aim of this research was to investigate an e-mentoring intervention to progress the goal attainment of online conversation for young people who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC).

A flexible proton beam imaging energy spectrometer (PROBIES) for high repetition rate or single-shot high energy density (HED) experiments (invited).

The PROBIES diagnostic is a new, highly flexible, imaging and energy spectrometer designed for laser-accelerated protons. The diagnostic can detect low-mode spatial variations in the proton beam profile while resolving multiple energies on a single detector or more. When a radiochromic film stack is employed for "single-shot mode," the energy resolution of the stack can be greatly increased while reducing the need for large numbers of films; for example, a recently deployed version allowed for 180 unique energy measurements spanning ∼3 to 75 MeV with <0.

Single-shot measurements of pulse-front tilt in intense ps laser pulses and its effect on accelerated electron and ion beam characteristics (invited).

We report recent single-shot spatiotemporal measurements of laser pulses, including pulse-front tilt (PFT) and spatial chirp, taken at the Compact Multipulse Terawatt laser at the Jupiter Laser Facility in Livermore, CA. STRIPED FISH, a device that measures the complete 3D electric field of fs to ps laser pulses on a single shot, was adapted to near infrared for these measurements. We present the design of the instrument used for these experiments, the on-shot measurements of systematic high-order PFT, and shot-to-shot variations in the measurements of spatiotemporal couplings.

Ultra-compact x-ray spectrometer for high-repetition-rate laser-plasma experiments.

We present in this work the development of an ultra-compact, multi-channel x-ray spectrometer (UCXS). This diagnostic has been specially built and adapted to perform at high-repetition-rate (>1 Hz) for high-intensity, short-pulse laser plasma experiments. X-ray filters of varying materials and thicknesses are chosen to provide spectral resolution up to ΔE ≈ 1 keV over the x-ray energy range of 1-30 keV.

Trends in Adverse Event Rates in Hospitalized Patients, 2010-2019.

Importance: Patient safety is a US national priority, yet lacks a comprehensive assessment of progress over the past decade.

Objective: To determine the change in the rate of adverse events in hospitalized patients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This serial cross-sectional study used data from the Medicare Patient Safety Monitoring System from 2010 to 2019 to assess in-hospital adverse events in patients.

Integrating Arts with STEM to Foster Systems Thinking.

Interest is growing among out-of-school time (OST) educators in integrating the arts into STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) programming (e.g., Kelton & Saraniero, 2018).

Facilitating Systems Thinking Through Arts-Based STEM Integration.

Engaging with socio-scientific issues often involves making sense of how - and for whom - actions, choices, and policies might affect aspects of daily life. Understanding the complexity of socio-scientific issues also requires recognizing the interconnectedness of - and working across - multiple communities and professions. We suggest that art, whether musical composition, illustrations, or sculpture / collage across materials would promote the synthesis of different types of knowledge across different scales and systems.

Anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms among high school students in china in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety, depression and PTSD symptoms, and associated risk factors among a large-scale sample of adolescents from China after the pandemic and lockdown.

Method: A total of 57,948 high school students took part in an online survey from July 13 to 29, 2020. The mental health outcomes included anxiety, depression and PTSD symptoms.

Symptom networks of COVID-19-related versus other potentially traumatic events in a global sample.

The potential mental health consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are widely acknowledged; however, limited research exists regarding the nature and patterns of stress responses to COVID-19-related potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and the convergence/divergence with responses to other (non-COVID-19-related) PTEs. Network analysis can provide a useful method for evaluating and comparing these symptom structures. The present study includes 7034 participants from 86 countries who reported on mental health symptoms associated with either a COVID-19-related PTE (n = 1838) or other PTE (n = 5196).