The atlastin ER morphogenic proteins promote formation of a membrane penetration site during non-enveloped virus entry.

During entry, non-enveloped viruses penetrate a host membrane to cause infection, although how this is accomplished remains enigmatic. Polyomaviruses (PyVs) are non-enveloped DNA viruses that penetrate the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane to reach the cytosol to the nucleus for infection. To penetrate the ER membrane, the prototype PyV simian virus 40 (SV40) induces formation of ER-escape sites, called foci, composed of repeating units of multi-tubular ER junctions where the virus is thought to exit.

Parenting app to support socio-emotional and cognitive development in early childhood: iterative codesign learnings from nine low-income and middle-income countries.

Objective: Many children in low-income and middle-income countries are disadvantaged in achieving early developmental potential in childhood as they lack the necessary support from their surroundings, including from parents and caregivers. Digital technologies, such as smartphone apps, coupled with iterative codesign to engage end-users in the technology-delivered content development stages, can help overcome gaps in early child development (ECD). We describe the iterative codesign and quality improvement process that informs the development of content for the , localised for nine countries in Asia and Africa.

Developing a Parenting App to Support Young Children's Socioemotional and Cognitive Development in Culturally Diverse Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for a Co-design Study.

Background: Digital technologies are widely recognized for their equalizing effect, improving access to affordable health care regardless of gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or geographic region. The Thrive by Five app is designed to promote positive interactions between children and their parents, extended family, and trusted members of the community to support socioemotional and cognitive development in the first 5 years of life and to strengthen connections to culture and community.

Objective: This paper aims to describe the iterative co-design process that underpins the development and refinement of Thrive by Five's features, functions, and content.

Visualization of the epigastric vessels and bladder before laparoscopic trocar placement.

Objective: Transillumination and laparoscopic visualization are two techniques recommended to minimize the risks of injury to abdominal wall structures during insertion of secondary trocars. This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of these techniques to locate the epigastric vessels and superior bladder margin.

Design: Prospective observational.