A randomized, double blind, parallel, placebo-controlled study to investigate the efficacy of N1115 in gut development of young children.

In this clinical trial, the safety and effectiveness of N1115 (LP N1115) were investigated as a potential probiotic to enhance gut development in young children born by caesarean section. Infants and young children between the ages of 6 months and 3 years were administered with a probiotic consisting of LP N1115 strain ( = 30) or placebo supplement ( = 30) over an 8 weeks intervention. And the stool consistency, bowel habits, salivary cortisol, fecal microbiota, and short-chain fatty acid metabolism were investigated.

Oleate Hydratase in Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. LBP UFSC 2230 Catalyzes the Reversible Conversion between Linoleic Acid and Ricinoleic Acid.

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been the subject of numerous studies in recent decades because of its associated health benefits. CLA is an intermediate product of the biohydrogenation pathway of linoleic acid (LA) in bacteria. Several bacterial species capable of efficiently converting LA into CLA have been widely reported in the literature, among them Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.

Measuring Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Production by Bifidobacteria.

The biological significance of conjugated fatty acids (CFAs) has been linked to positive health effects based on biomedical, in vitro, and clinical studies. Of note, conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are the most widely characterized fatty acids as geometric isomers cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 CLA occur naturally in ruminant fats, dairy products, and hydrogenated oils. Concerning CLAs, it is known that bacterial biohydrogenation, a process whereby ruminal bacteria or starter cultures of lactic acid bacteria have the ability to synthesize CLA by altering the chemical structure of essential fatty acids via enzymatic mechanisms, produces a multitude of isomers with desirable properties.

Advances in Infant Formula Science.

Human milk contains a plethora of nutrients and bioactive components to help nourish the developing neonate and is considered the "gold standard" for early life nutrition-as befits the only food "designed" by evolution to feed human infants. Over the past decade, there is considerable evidence that highlights the "intelligence" contained in milk components that contribute to infant health beyond basic nutrition-in areas such as programming the developing microbiome and immune system and protecting against infection. Such discoveries have led to new opportunities for infant milk formula (IMF) manufacturers to refine nutritional content in order to simulate the functionality of breast milk.

Gut microbiome correlates with altered striatal dopamine receptor expression in a model of compulsive alcohol seeking.

Identifying biological markers predicting vulnerability to develop excessive alcohol consumption may lead to a real improvement of clinical care. With converging evidence suggesting that gut microbiome is capable of influencing brain and behavior, this study aimed at investigating whether changes in gut microbiome composition is associated with conditioned responses to alcohol. We trained Wistar rats to self-administer alcohol for a prolonged period before screening those exhibiting uncontrolled alcohol seeking and taking by modeling diagnostic criteria for AUD: inability to abstain during a signaled period of reward unavailability, increased motivation assessed in a progressive effortful task and persistent alcohol intake despite aversive foot shocks.