Trivalent immunization with metal-binding proteins confers protection against enterococci in a mouse infection model.

is ranked among the top five bacterial pathogens responsible for catheter-associated urinary tract infections, wound infections, secondary root canal infections, and infective endocarditis. Previously, we showed that inactivation of either the manganese- and iron-binding (EfaA) or zinc-binding (AdcA and AdcAII) lipoproteins significantly reduced virulence. Here, we explored whether immunization using a multi-valent approach induces protective immunity against systemic enterococcal infections.

Concurrent Prescription Fills of Opioids and Benzodiazepines Among Postpartum Women During COVID-19.

Introduction: Concurrent prescribing of opioids and benzodiazepines is associated with increased risk of emergency department visits and overdose. Postpartum women commonly receive opioids for pain after delivery and are at risk for postpartum depression/anxiety. Although prior research finds increases in opioid prescribing and symptoms of depression/anxiety during COVID-19, concurrent prescribing among postpartum women has not been examined in the context of COVID-19.

Increases in benzodiazepine prescribing for postpartum anxiety during COVID-19.

Purpose: Postpartum mood disorders affect many women following childbirth. Prescribing medication for depression and anxiety is one strategy for the effective treatment of postpartum mood disorders. Left untreated, mothers experiencing these disorders and their infants face increased risks of adverse health outcomes.

A Review of Recent Low-dose Research and Recommendations for Moving Forward.

The linear no-threshold (LNT) model has been the regulatory "law of the land" for decades. Despite the long-standing use of LNT, there is significant ongoing scientific disagreement on the applicability of LNT to low-dose radiation risk. A review of the low-dose risk literature of the last 10 y does not provide a clear answer, but rather the body of literature seems to be split between LNT, non-linear risk functions (e.

Meta-Analysis on the Health Effects Resulting from Evacuation or Relocation.

Objective: Evacuation and relocation are key actions used to protect the public in response to natural or technological disasters, but there are inherent risks to both. Unfortunately, these risks have not been fully quantified, which limits the ability of emergency managers and the public to effectively balance the risks and benefits of evacuation or relocation. This work provides quantitative data on the risks of health effects from displacement following evacuation or relocation.

Leveraging influencers to increase HPV vaccination intention: The impact of message framing and health regulatory fit using repeated measures.

Through a series of two online experiments that incorporate a repeated measures design, we examine how message framing (loss versus gain) within Instagram influencers' posts interact with consumers' health regulatory orientation (promotion versus prevention) to impact HPV vaccination intention between two data collection points. Findings indicate that among those who are more prevention oriented, exposure to a loss-framed influencer advertisement was effective at increasing intention to receive an HPV vaccine relative to those that were exposed to gain-framed influencer advertisement. Based on these findings we offer theoretical and managerial implications.

Medicaid Expansion and Availability of Opioid Medications in the Specialty Substance Use Disorder Treatment System.

Objective: Research has examined the effect of Medicaid expansion on access to physicians with buprenorphine waivers, but less attention has been paid to Medicaid's impact on opioid use disorder medication availability within the specialty substance use disorder treatment system. To address this gap in the literature, this study examined the impact of Medicaid expansion on availability of opioid medications in specialty programs.

Methods: This study used data from the National Survey of the Substance Abuse Treatment Services (2002-2017), containing all known substance use disorder treatment programs in the United States, to examine the effect of Medicaid expansion on the availability of opioid use disorder medications by treatment program ownership type (publicly owned, private for profit, and private nonprofit) among opioid treatment programs (OTPs) and non-OTPs.

PROTAC-mediated degradation of class I histone deacetylase enzymes in corepressor complexes.

We have identified a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) of class I HDACs 1, 2 and 3. The most active degrader consists of a benzamide HDAC inhibitor, an alkyl linker, and the von Hippel-Lindau E3 ligand. Our PROTAC increased histone acetylation levels and compromised colon cancer HCT116 cell viability, establishing a degradation strategy as an alternative to class I HDAC inhibition.

Relationship of County Opioid Epidemic Severity to Changes in Access to Substance Use Disorder Treatment, 2009-2017.

Objective: The study measured the association between local opioid problem severity and changes in the availability of substance use disorder treatment programs, including the distance required for travel to treatment.

Methods: A two-part, multivariable regression estimated the number of treatment facilities in the county (per 100,000 residents) and the number of miles to the nearest program (for all treatment programs, programs offering opioid use disorder medication, and programs accepting Medicaid) using data from the 2009-2017 National Directory of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Treatment Facilities. The unit of analysis was the county-year (N=28,270).

County-level access to opioid use disorder medications in medicare Part D (2010-2015).

Objective: To identify geographic disparities in access to opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment medications and county demographic and economic characteristics associated with access to buprenorphine and oral naltrexone prescribers in Medicare Part D.

Data Sources/study Setting: We utilized data from the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Event Standard Analytic File (2010-2015).

Study Design/data Collection: We used logistic regression to examine county-level access to OUD medication prescribers.

Co-repressor, co-activator and general transcription factor: the many faces of the Sin3 histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex.

At face value, the Sin3 histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex appears to be a prototypical co-repressor complex, that is, a multi-protein complex recruited to chromatin by DNA bound repressor proteins to facilitate local histone deacetylation and transcriptional repression. While this is almost certainly part of its role, Sin3 stubbornly refuses to be pigeon-holed in quite this way. Genome-wide mapping studies have found that Sin3 localises predominantly to the promoters of actively transcribed genes.

An empirical assessment of the relationship between Official Development Aid and child mortality, 2000-2015.

Objectives: To analyze the effect of Official Development Aid (ODA) dollars on child mortality over the course of the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals initiative.

Methods: The relationship between child mortality and Official Development Aid over the duration of the Millennium Development Goals (2000-2015) is examined here using a longitudinal panel of country-level data from the World Bank and the United Nations. An Ordinary Least Squares regression approach was used with country-level fixed effects.

Offsetting the Effects of Medical Expenses on Older Adults' Household Food Budgets: An Analysis of the Standard Medical Expense Deduction.

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) provides critical nutrition assistance to over 40 million Americans each month. Low-income older adults (60 and older) and disabled participants experience additional budgetary constraints because of high out-of-pocket medical expenses. In recent years, some states have adopted a "Standard Medical Expense Deduction" (SMED) for senior and disabled beneficiaries, making it easier to report medical expenses in the SNAP application process.

Growth In SNAP Retailers Was Associated With Increased Client Enrollment In Georgia During The Great Recession.

Policies to improve food accessibility in underserved areas often use direct financial incentives to attract new food retailers. Our analysis of data on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) in Georgia before and after the Great Recession suggests that increased program enrollment improves access to food for SNAP beneficiaries by acting as an indirect subsidy to retailers. We divided food stores into four categories: large, midsize, small, and specialty retailers.

An Empirical Analysis of the Association Between Cigarette Smoking and Participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.

Purpose: To examine the association between smoking and participation in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) among low-income families.

Design: A quasi-experimental design using pooled cross-sectional data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Consumer Expenditure Diary Survey.

Setting: A national, representative sample of US households from 2005 through 2012.