Protocol for assembling and operating bipolar membrane water electrolyzers.

Renewable energy-driven bipolar membrane water electrolyzers (BPMWEs) are a promising technology for sustainable production of hydrogen from seawater and other impure water sources. Here, we present a protocol for assembling BPMWEs and operating them in a range of water feedstocks, including ultra-pure deionized water and seawater. We describe steps for membrane electrode assembly preparation, electrolyzer assembly, and electrochemical evaluation.

Anode Catalysts in Anion-Exchange-Membrane Electrolysis without Supporting Electrolyte: Conductivity, Dynamics, and Ionomer Degradation.

Anion-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) in principle operate without soluble electrolyte using earth-abundant catalysts and cell materials and thus lower the cost of green H . Current systems lack competitive performance and the durability needed for commercialization. One critical issue is a poor understanding of catalyst-specific degradation processes in the electrolyzer.

Three-Electrode Study of Electrochemical Ionomer Degradation Relevant to Anion-Exchange-Membrane Water Electrolyzers.

Among existing water electrolysis (WE) technologies, anion-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) show promise for low-cost operation enabled by the basic solid-polymer electrolyte used to conduct hydroxide ions. The basic environment within the electrolyzer, in principle, allows the use of non-platinum-group metal catalysts and less-expensive cell components compared to acidic-membrane systems. Nevertheless, AEMWEs are still underdeveloped, and the degradation and failure modes are not well understood.

Performance and Durability of Pure-Water-Fed Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers Using Baseline Materials and Operation.

Water electrolysis powered by renewable electricity produces green hydrogen and oxygen gas, which can be used for energy, fertilizer, and industrial applications and thus displace fossil fuels. Pure-water anion-exchange-membrane (AEM) electrolyzers in principle offer the advantages of commercialized proton-exchange-membrane systems (high current density, low cross over, output gas compression, etc.) while enabling the use of less-expensive steel components and nonprecious metal catalysts.

Hydrosulfide-selective ChemFETs for aqueous HS/HS measurement.

We have prepared and characterized hydrosulfide-selective ChemFET devices based on a nitrile butadiene rubber membrane containing tetraoctylammonium nitrate as a chemical recognition element that is applied to commercially available field-effect transistors. The sensors have fast (120 s) reversible responses, selectivity over other biologically relevant thiol-containing species, detection limits of 8 mM, and a detection range from approximately 5 to 500 mM. Sensitivities are shown to be 53 mV per decade at pH 8.