Versatility of perforator-based V-Y advancement flaps in reconstruction of complex mid back wounds.

Reconstruction of complex mid back wounds is challenging due to the patient comorbidities and scarcity of reliable regional flap alternatives. Four consecutive cases treated with perforator based V-Y advancement flaps are reported. An effective repair was achieved in all the patients and the mean follow up period was 28 months.

Vascular anomalies of the upper extremity in children.

Vascular malformations in the pediatric upper extremity remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Recent knowledge about diagnosis and treatment is provided including specific markers, imaging techniques, and management.

Amazia with midface anomaly: case report.

Amazia, the absence of the mammary gland, is a very rare congenital anomaly of the breasts. Bilateral absence of the breasts may occur as an isolated anomaly or may be associated with a syndrome or a cluster of other anomalies. Although the literature examining pediatric breast abnormalities is replete with case reports and series, bilateral amazia together with skeletal anomalies has not yet been described.

Rhinoplasty and hemophilia A.

Major surgical procedures can be performed safely for hemophiliacs provided the clotting factors are adequate. However, rhinoplasty, an elective facial procedure, has not yet been evaluated in this group of patients. The authors present a hemophilia A patient who underwent rhinoplasty for cosmetic reasons.

Use of distally pedicled sural fasciocutaneous cross-leg flap in severe foot and ankle trauma: a safe alternative to microsurgery in very young children.

Advances in reconstructive microsurgery have enabled us to make use of many flap alternatives in severe lower-extremity trauma, and traditional cross-leg flaps for wound coverage have been replaced in most centers by free-tissue transfers. But free-flap surgery is still a challenging area in very young pediatric populations because of technical difficulties with considerable drawbacks. Six children with severe foot and ankle trauma were presented.

Two-plane injection of botulinum exotoxin A in glabellar frown lines.

Botulinum exotoxin A has been used for the treatment of glabellar frown lines. Despite this fact, the effect of the toxin is sometimes either partial or lost in a short time. The muscles responsible for frowning, the corrugator supercilii and depressor supercilii muscles, are attached to the periosteum in the glabellar region under the frontalis muscle deep in the medial aspect.