Holistic biorefinery approach for biogas and hydrogen production: Integration of anaerobic digestion with hydrothermal carbonization and steam gasification.

Recently, the integration of biochemical and thermochemical processes is recognized as a promising strategy for the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass into renewable energy production. In this study, different routes for the valorization of hemp hurd for biohydrogen and biomethane production were proposed, including anaerobic digestion (AD), hydrothermal carbonization, and steam gasification. AD results revealed that NaOH pre-treatment of hemp hurd improved biomethane production yield by 164%.

Evaluation of Poultry Manure: Combination of Phosphorus Recovery and Activated Carbon Production.

Intensive growth of poultry production leads to generation of a large-scale accumulation of wastes, which is a critical concern for poultry farming. An environmentally friendly and effective solution is still being sought for sustainable management of poultry manure. In this study, evaluation of poultry manure both as a carbon source for production of solid fuels and activated carbon and as a phosphorus source has been investigated.

Assessing the Importance of Pyrolysis Process Conditions and Feedstock Type on the Combustion Performance of Agricultural-Residue-Derived Chars.

The combustion performance of chars derived from vine shoots, wheat straw, and corn stover was investigated to assess the influence of both the biomass precursor and pyrolysis operating conditions. Chars were produced through slow pyrolysis at different peak temperatures (350 and 500 °C), pressures (0.1 and 0.

Sustainable valorization of food wastes into solid fuel by hydrothermal carbonization.

The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effect of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) conditions on the yield and the fuel properties of hydrochar obtained from food waste (FW) and its digestate (FD). The mass yield of hydrochars from FW and FD were found between 47.0 and 69.

NO and SO emissions from combustion of raw and torrefied biomasses and their blends with lignite.

The impact of torrefaction on the NO and SO emissions from combustion of biomass was investigated. Combustion experiments were carried out with two torrefied biomass fuels, i.e.

Influences of feedstock type and process variables on hydrochar properties.

In this study, the effect of process variables, such as temperature, biomass:water ratio and reaction time, in hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been studied for different type biomasses. Response surface methodology was used to study the influence of each factors as well as their combined interactive effect on the mass yield and energy density of hydrochars. The results showed that the temperature and time were significant factors effecting the mass yield and energy densification ratio in HTC of the sunflower stalk and algae, whereas temperature was only significant factor in HTC of poultry litter.

Combustion behavior of different kinds of torrefied biomass and their blends with lignite.

In this study, the combustion behavior of different kinds of torrefied biomass (lignocellulosic and animal wastes) and their blends with lignite was investigated via non-isothermal thermogravimetric method under air atmosphere. For comparison, combustion characteristics of raw biomasses were also determined. Torrefaction process improved the reactivity of char combustion step of biomasses.

Hydrogen production from algal biomass via steam gasification.

Algal biomasses were tested as feedstock for steam gasification in a dual-bed microreactor in a two-stage process. Gasification experiments were carried out in absence and presence of catalyst. The catalysts used were 10% Fe₂O₃-90% CeO₂ and red mud (activated and natural forms).

The slow and fast pyrolysis of cherry seed.

The slow and fast pyrolysis of cherry seeds (CWS) and cherry seeds shells (CSS) was studied in fixed-bed and fluidized bed reactors at different pyrolysis temperatures. The effects of reactor type and temperature on the yields and composition of products were investigated. In the case of fast pyrolysis, the maximum bio-oil yield was found to be about 44 wt% at pyrolysis temperature of 500 °C for both CWS and CSS, whereas the bio yields were of 21 and 15 wt% obtained at 500 °C from slow pyrolysis of CWS and CSS, respectively.