Cholesterol imprinted composite membranes for selective cholesterol recognition from intestinal mimicking solution.

Molecularly imprinted polymers which have been extensively investigated as selective adsorbents were constructed using a template molecule during the polymerization to gain template-specific cavities. In this study, we prepared cholesterol imprinted poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-methacryloyamidotryptophan) (PHEMA-MTrp) particles embedded composite membranes. These membranes were characterized through elemental analysis, FTIR, SEM, swelling tests, and surface area measurements.

Protein C recognition by ion-coordinated imprinted monolithic cryogels.

The protein C imprinted monolithic cryogel was synthesized using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate by redox cryo-polymerization method. The prepared monolithic cryogel was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, swelling test, surface area measurements, and scanning electron microscopy. The nonimprinted cryogel was prepared as well for control.

Strategies for the development of an electrochemical bioassay for TNF-alpha detection by using a non-immunoglobulin bioreceptor.

TNF-α is an inflammatory cytokine produced by the immune system. Serum TNF-α level is elevated in some pathological states such as septic shock, graft rejection, HIV infection, neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. Detecting trace amount of TNF-α is, also, very important for the understanding of tumor biological processes.

Preparation of cryogel columns for depletion of hemoglobin from human blood.

In this study, we aimed to prepare the metal chelate affinity cryogels for the hemoglobin (Hb) depletion. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) cryogels were selected as base matrix because of their blood compatibility, osmotic, chemical, and mechanical stability. Cryogels are also useful when working with the viscous samples such as blood, because of their interconnected macroporous structure.

A novel chromatographic media: histidine-containing composite cryogels for HIgG separation from human serum.

Histidine-containing microspheres (HCM) with 2 μm in size were synthesized by suspension polymerization of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and N-methacryloyl-L-histidine methyl ester. Then, they were used to prepare composite cryogel columns by an embedding process for affinity depletion of immunoglobulin G (HIgG) from human serum via histidine groups on microspheres. Here, we describe HIgG adsorption performance of composite cryogel columns in both aqueous solution and human serum.

Affinity composite cryogel discs functionalized with Reactive Red 120 and Green HE 4BD dye ligands: application on the separation of human immunoglobulin G subclasses.

Naturally produced by the human immune system, immunoglobulin nowadays is widely used for in vivo and in vitro purposes. The increased needs for pure immunoglobulin have prompted researchers to find new immunoglobulin chromatographic separation processes. Cryogels as chromatographic adsorbents, congregate several mechanical features including good compatibility, large pore structure, flexibility, short diffusion pathway and stability.

Molecularly imprinted cryogels for chondroitin sulfate recognition.

Chondroitin sulfate (Cs)-imprinted poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-based macroporous cryogels (CsMIP) were prepared for selective recognition of Cs from an aqueous solution. The selective binding sites for Cs were maintained using vinyl imidazole-Cu(2+) functional groups, during the precomplexation step in the polymerization procedure. Newly synthesized CsMIP cryogel columns were characterized.

Molecularly imprinted composite cryogels for hemoglobin depletion from human blood.

A molecularly imprinted composite cryogel (MICC) was prepared for depletion of hemoglobin from human blood prior to use in proteome applications. Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) based MICC was prepared with high gel fraction yields up to 90%, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy, swelling studies, flow dynamics and surface area measurements. MICC exhibited a high binding capacity and selectivity for hemoglobin in the presence of immunoglobulin G, albumin and myoglobin.

Composite cryogels for lysozyme purification.

Beads-embedded novel composite cryogel was synthesized to purify lysozyme (Lyz) from chicken egg white. The poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-L-phenylalanine) (PHEMAPA) beads of smaller than 5 µm size were synthesized by suspension polymerization and then embedded into a poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA)-based cryogel column. The PHEMAPA bead-embedded cryogel (BEC) column was characterized by swelling tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface area measurements by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, elemental analysis, and flow dynamics.

Heparin removal from human plasma using molecular imprinted cryogels.

In this study, heparin-imprinted poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-[(3-dimethylamino)-propyl] methacrylamide) cryogel column (HpMIP) was synthesized for removal of Hp from human plasma using molecular imprinting technique. Hp removal studies were performed from both aqueous solution and human plasma. Selectivity studies were performed using fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) system.

Cholesterol removal from various samples by cholesterol-imprinted monosize microsphere-embedded cryogels.

Cholesterol-imprinted monosize poly(glycidyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-(L)-tyrosine methylester) microspheres were embedded into the poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) cryogels and the resulting composite cryogel was used for the selective removal of cholesterol. Composite cryogels were characterized by swelling tests, multipoint BET apparatus, SEM, FTIR and elemental analysis studies. Specific surface area of the PHEMA cryogel was increased from 13 to 72.

Microsphere-embedded cryogel for selective and efficient depletion of immunoglobulin G from human serum.

In this study a novel composite cryogel column was synthesized for affinity depletion of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from human serum. The microsphere-embedding technique combines the large surface area of microspheres with excellent properties of cryogels. The poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate- N-methacryloyl-L-histidine methyl ester) microsphere (2 μm size)- embedded composite cryogel (MECC) column was synthesized and characterized by various methods.

Synthesis and characterization of amino acid containing Cu(II) chelated nanoparticles for lysozyme adsorption.

Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) is a useful method for adsorption of proteins that have an affinity for transition metal ions. In this study, poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-methacryloyl-L-tryptophan) (PHEMATrp) nanoparticles were prepared by surfactant free emulsion polymerization. Then, Cu(II) ions were chelated on the PHEMATrp nanoparticles to be used in lysozyme adsorption studies in batch system.

Molecularly imprinted composite cryogel for albumin depletion from human serum.

A new composite protein-imprinted macroporous cryogel was prepared for depletion of albumin from human serum prior to use in proteom applications. Polyhydroxyethyl-methacylate-based molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) composite cryogel was prepared with high gel fraction yields up to 83%, and its morphology and porosity were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, swelling studies, flow dynamics, and surface area measurements. Selective binding experiments were performed in the presence of competitive proteins human transferrin (HTR) and myoglobin (MYB).

Macroporous PHEMA-based cryogel discs for bilirubin removal.

A novel N-methacryloyl-L-tryptophan methyl ester (MATrp) containing poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) cryogel (PHEMATrp) disc was prepared for removal of bilirubin (BR) out of human plasma. PHEMATrp cryogel disc was produced by bulk polymerization, with high gelation yield up to 92% and characterized by swelling tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis, Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, contact angle measurements and surface energy calculations. BR adsorption studies were performed in a batch system, and the maximum BR adsorption capacity was found as 22.

Selective removal of 17β-estradiol with molecularly imprinted particle-embedded cryogel systems.

The selective removal of 17β-estradiol (E2) was investigated by using molecularly E2 imprinted (MIP) particle embedded poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) cryogel. PHEMA/MIP composite cryogel was characterized by FTIR, SEM, swelling studies, and surface area measurements. E2 adsorption studies were performed by using aqueous solutions which contain various amounts of E2.

Bilirubin recognition via molecularly imprinted supermacroporous cryogels.

Recent years molecular imprinting has received considerable attention as an excellent and simple approach to recognize small molecules and bioactive substances. The aim of this study is to prepare the bilirubin-imprinted supermacroporous cryogels which can be used for the adsorption of bilirubin from human plasma. N-methacryloyl-(L)-tyrosinemethylester (MAT) was chosen as the pre-organization monomer.

Protein recognition via ion-coordinated molecularly imprinted supermacroporous cryogels.

Molecular imprinting is a method for making selective binding sites in synthetic polymers using a molecular template. The aim of this study is to prepare lysozyme-imprinted supermacroporous cryogels which can be used for the purification of lysozyme (Lyz) from egg white. N-Methacryloyl-(L)-histidinemethylester (MAH) was chosen as the metal-coordinating monomer.