Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Presenting with Thoracic Spinal Cord Compression in a Young Adult with Thalassemia Major: A Case Report.

Background: Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) refers to the production of blood cellular components at sites other than the bone marrow, namely liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. The common sites associated with this condition are the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes whereas the common conditions associated with it are myelofibrosis, myelodysplasia, thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, and polycythemia vera.

Case Description: This report describes a young male with thalassemia major, who presented with symptomatic cord compression due to a thoracic intraspinal lesion.

Thyroid storm as an early presentation of hCG-producing metastatic choriocarcinoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-induced hyperthyroidism has been previously reported as a rare paraneoplastic syndrome in non-seminomatous germ cell tumours and usually presents with mild symptoms or subclinical thyrotoxicosis. We present a case of a young adult man who consulted with abdominal pain, nausea and emesis. On admission, he was found to be tachycardic, febrile, anxious and with icteric sclera and tenderness to palpation in the right upper abdomen.

Dynamic alterations of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 at ADAM17 and Jagged-1 gene promoters cause an inflammatory switch of endothelial cells.

Histone protein modifications control the inflammatory state of many immune cells. However, how dynamic alteration in histone methylation causes endothelial inflammation and apoptosis is not clearly understood. To examine this, we explored two contrasting histone methylations; an activating histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and a repressive histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) in endothelial cells (EC) undergoing inflammation.

Cochlear Implantation in Pierre Robin Syndrome.

Hereditary hearing loss accounts for nearly 60% of deafness in developed countries and about 30% of them are syndromic. Pierre Robin Syndrome is one such condition. The patient with this syndrome usually presnts with triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis and cleft palate.

Limitation of standard ECG criteria to localize an outflow tract PVC.

Multiple ECG algorithms exist to localize outflow tract PVCs. They can be invaluable in pre-procedure planning and patient counseling. We describe a case where the published algorithm for PVC localization did not predict the site of origin and successful ablation site.

A new roadmap for social medicine curriculum design based on mixed methods student and faculty evaluations of the preclinical curriculum.

Background: To support the development of social medicine curricula that empower medical school graduates to redress health inequities, we conducted a mixed methods student and faculty evaluation of an expanded and innovative preclinical social medicine curriculum.

Methods: We implemented a longitudinal, interactive preclinical social medicine curriculum that was closely integrated with foundational science teaching then conducted a survey-based mixed methods student and faculty curriculum evaluation. Based on these results, we propose a novel conceptual roadmap for social medicine curriculum design.

Implication of Covid-19 on Neurological Complications with Specific Emphasis on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease.

It is noticeable how the novel coronavirus has spread from the Wuhan region of China to the whole world, devastating the lives of people worldwide. All the data related to the precautionary measures, diagnosis, treatment, and even the epidemiological data are being made freely accessible and reachable in a very little time as well as being rapidly published to save humankind from this pandemic. There might be neurological complications of COVID-19 and patients suffering from neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease might have repercussions as a result of the pandemic.

The Association Between Gaming Practices and Scholastic Performance Among Medical Students in India: Case-Control Study.

Background: Gaming is a billion-dollar industry that is expanding at a compound annual growth rate of 9% to 14.3%, with the biggest market in Southeast Asian countries. The availability of low-cost smartphones and the ease at which the internet can be accessed have made gaming popular among youth, who enjoy it as a leisure activity.

Molecular hybridization combining tumor homing and penetrating peptide domains for cellular targeting.

A complete peptide-based drug delivery unit has been designed with a tumor homing domain chemically linked to a syndiotactic cell-penetrating domain. The designed peptides were synthesized, characterized, and tested in vitro for cellular uptake and cytotoxicity evaluation. The differential uptake, cellular internalization, negligible hemotoxicity, selective toxicity to MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, and the superior penetration in three-dimensional MDA-MB-231 tumorospheres confirm their utility as a promising delivery vector.

Preventable iatrogenic cause of foot-drop in knee injuries with literature review.

Purpose: Common peroneal nerve palsy is quite disabling and every effort should be made to prevent its injury during the treatment.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the prospectively collected data of 7 cases of tibial plateau fractures in association with proximal fibula fracture from January 2019 to September 2019 who presented to emergency room of our hospital.

Results: In addition to fibular neck fracture, the first case had type 6 tibial plateau displaced fracture and the second case had displaced acetabular fracture with instability of knee with tibial tuberosity avulsion.

Is Revision Bankart Repair with Remplissage a Viable Option for Failed Bankart Repair in Non-contact Sports Person Aiming to Return to Sports?

Purpose: Failure of a well-executed Bankart repair in non-contact athletes is difficult to predict and its management is a lesser investigated area with uncertain outcome in terms of return to sports (RTS). This study analyses effectiveness of revision Bankart repair with remplissage for failed Bankart repair in non-contact athletes, focusing on time and level of RTS.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-five consecutive non-contact athletes with evidence of instability after primary arthroscopic Bankart repair having glenoid loss < 25% and off-track Hill-Sachs lesion were included in the study according to algorithm mentioned.

Recent advances in microbial toxin-related strategies to combat cancer.

It is a major concern to treat cancer successfully, due to the distinctive pathophysiology of cancer cells and the gradual manifestation of resistance. Specific action, adverse effects and development of resistance has prompted the urgent requirement of exploring alternative anti-tumour treatment therapies. The naturally derived microbial toxins as a therapy against cancer cells are a promisingly new dimension.

Targeting LIN28: a new hope in prostate cancer theranostics.

The mortality and morbidity rates for prostate cancer have recently increased to alarming levels, rising higher than lung cancer. Due to a lack of drug targets and molecular probes, existing theranostic techniques are limited. Human LIN28A and its paralog LIN28B overexpression are associated with a number of tumors resulting in a remarkable increase in cancer aggression and poor prognoses.

Molecular and pathobiological involvement of fetuin-A in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

The liver acts as a manufacturing unit for the production of fetuin-A, which is essential for various physiological characteristics. Scientific research has shown that a moderate upward push in fetuin-A serum levels is associated with a confirmed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) diagnosis. Fetuin-A modulation is associated with a number of pathophysiological variables that cause liver problems, including insulin receptor signaling deficiencies, adipocyte dysfunction, hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, triacylglycerol production, macrophage invasion, and TLR4 activation.

Rhizobial-Host Interactions and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legume Crops Toward Agriculture Sustainability.

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) process makes legume crops self-sufficient in nitrogen (N) in sharp contrast to cereal crops that require an external input by N-fertilizers. Since the latter process in cereal crops results in a huge quantity of greenhouse gas emission, the legume production systems are considered efficient and important for sustainable agriculture and climate preservation. Despite benefits of SNF, and the fact that chemical N-fertilizers cause N-pollution of the ecosystems, the focus on improving SNF efficiency in legumes did not become a breeder's priority.

Alteration of Smell and Taste Sensations in Covid-19 Positive Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study in Western India.

Loss/alteration of Smell and taste sensation is common in CoViD-19 infection. We conducted present study to find out the frequency, onset and severity of these lost sensations and their recovery in mild, moderate and severe COVID 19 positive patients in our setup. A questionnaire based study on 574 COVID-19 positive patients admitted in a dedicated COVID hospital between September-November, 2020 were followed up until their sensations recovered completely or maximum for two months.

Peptide-based delivery vectors with pre-defined geometrical locks.

Design of peptide-based targeted delivery vectors with attributes of specificity and selective cellular targeting by fixing their topology and resulting electrostatic fingerprint is the objective of this study. We formulated our peptide design platform by utilizing the possibilities of side-chain induced geometric restrictions in a typical peptide molecule. Conceptually, we locked the conformation of the RGD/NGR motif of tumor homing peptides (THPs) by mutating glycine in these motifs with d-proline and tailed the peptides with a syndiotactic amphipathic segment for cellular penetration.

Light- and magnetically actuated FePt microswimmers.

Externally controlled microswimmers offer prospects for transport in biological research and medical applications. This requires biocompatibility of the swimmers and the possibility to tailor their propulsion mechanisms to the respective low Reynolds number environment. Here, we incorporate low amounts of the biocompatible alloy of iron and platinum (FePt) in its [Formula: see text] phase in microstructures by a versatile one-step physical vapor deposition process.

Prospecting the Intricate Role of Novel and Potent Biomarkers in Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric disorder leading to cognitive impairment and has higher rates of morbidity and mortality. There is a need to understand the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of the disease as the clinical presentation may vary in patients and inadequate knowledge of neurochemical alterations can lead to decreased efficacy in treatment which makes it necessary to identify new potent biomarkers. Identification of biomarkers in schizophrenia offers significant benefits to the well-being of patients, including better prognosis, diagnosis, detection, screening, enhancement in treatment efficacy, prevention of relapse, and better clinical results.

The Incidental Renal Mass- Update on Characterization and Management.

Renal masses are commonly encountered on cross-sectional imaging examinations performed for nonrenal indications. Although most can be dismissed as benign cysts, a subset will be either indeterminate or suspicious; in many cases, imaging cannot be used to reliably differentiate between benign and malignant masses. On-going research in defining characteristics of common renal masses on advanced imaging shows promise in offering solutions to this issue.

Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) expression and function in dry eye associated inflammation.

Dry eye disease (DED) affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as damaging matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) at the ocular surface. While proteoglycan 4 (PRG4), a mucin-like glycoprotein present at the ocular surface, is most well known as a boundary lubricant that contributes to ocular surface integrity, it has been shown to blunt inflammation in various cell types, suggesting a dual mechanism of action.

Neuroprotective Effects of Fluoxetine on Molecular Markers of Circadian Rhythm, Cognitive Deficits, Oxidative Damage, and Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology Induced under Chronic Constant Light Regime in Wistar Rats.

There is mounting evidence of circadian rhythm disruption in Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the cause-and-effect relationship between them is not understood. Chronic constant light exposure effectively disrupts circadian rhythm in rats. On the basis of previous publications, we hypothesized that chronic constant light exposure might contribute significantly to development of AD-like-phenotype in rats and that fluoxetine (Flx) treatment might protect the brain against it.